San Marino Republic: izikhangibavakashi, izithombe

Umbuzo noma ngabe wena lizwe e-Republic of San Marino, I-abaseRussia ngokuvamile uhlala efanele, ngoba sazi okuncane ngale ngakho. Isimo, naphezu lingakanani amancane, inomlando ocebile namasiko. Namuhla, Republic of San Marino kuyinto lizwe encane kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kodwa lokhu akuwona nje ngoba lokho kubiza ukuba kwenzeka uvakashela leli zwe.

Kumila San Marino

Isimo, manje okuthiwa "Republic of San Marino", yayisekelwe endaweni eside waphila-in. Imivubukulo ibonisa ukuthi abantu bazinza lapha ngo kule nkulungwane yeminyaka. Kodwa umlando wezwe bodokotela iqala ngonyaka 298, lapho, ngokusho legend zendawo, lo saint Marin, owabaleka lapho ibalekela ushushiso, wanquma umhlalaphansi emhlabeni kweNtaba Titano. ONgcwele wayephezu kusuka eDalmatia, lapho beshushiswa ngenxa nje yezinkolelo zabo. Waqasha umeselande ukusebenza Rimini, bese uye wabheka sokuba yedwa entabeni, okuyinto kunedwala eliyinqaba eliqoshwe emhumeni njengoba esitokisini sakhe. Marino pilo waqala ukuheha-pilgrim kuyo, futhi emhlabeni uya kumphakathi, bese ihlelwe Isigodlo, okuyinto kuleli zwe futhi kubhekwa esizoqala kuso ukubala umlando umthombo igama laleli zwe.

Kunobufakazi obubhalwe ukuthi ekhulwini lesi-6 khona yayikhona i sezindela ezizimele. Ngokuhamba 7 namakhulu eminyaka wahlupheka kuphangwa izizwe ezihlukahlukene: the Saracens, Magyars, kodwa kugcina uzibuse. Lokhu lula indawo elula kakhulu ukuzivikela, ngaphandle izindela njalo wasebenza phezu izivikelo yesigodlo, bakha izindonga, wenza imiphini.

geography

Namuhla, Republic of San Marino lizungezwe isimo Italy. Itholakala emthambekeni eningizimu-ntshonalanga Massif entabeni Monte Titano. U-80% ezweni imbozwe ezintabeni. Monte Titanium has iziqongo ezintathu, ngamunye okuyinto Sekuyisikhathi eside abantu. Piedmont Apennines ethafeni efanelekayo wezolimo futhi sezulu nakwezifudumele iMedithera. Winter e San Marino kuyinto ngempela kubanda, ikakhulukazi Februwari, lapho izinga lokushisa sifinyelela zero amamethrikhi. Summer umnene ukushisa ungaphakathi Agasti no Septhemba. Ezingxenyeni sezintaba uhlale cooler than emathafeni. Le ndawo lizwe square metres mayelana 60. km. San Marino - Republic, baphila ezimweni ngempela nokhahlo. Ukuphila akulula esifundeni sezintaba, kodwa uye wakuvumela bendawo ukuthuthukisa uhlamvu ekhethekile bese udala isiko esiyingqayizivele.

indaba

Kancane kancane zasondela sezindela ukuthenga indawo eseduze kusukela kubantukazana ekwandiseni Holdings zabo. Kukhona geqe, okuyinto njalo ngaphansi usongo ukumuncwa namandla kanye namazwe emikhulu. Ekhulwini le-13 e-San Marino ezihilelekile kule ngxabano Ghibellines futhi Guelph ngokuthatha uhlangothi lokuqala, izwe intukuthelo lesiqalekiso uPapa Innocent Wesine.

San Marino - Republic, okuyinto njalo yabangela inkohliso engachazeki lula ukuthi emakhulwini amaningana eminyaka nangaphansi kokucindezeleka okunzima nemizamo ingqongqo yi Rome likapapa. Ukuze simelane nokuhlaselwa okunjalo, izwe kwadingeka ukuba abonise izimangaliso yezingxoxo zezombusazwe.

Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-15 Republic angena umfelandawonye Alfonso Omkhulu Wesihlanu, okuyinto wamvumela ukuba kugcine castle Fiorentino. Ngo 1462 ukusizwa San Marino ekulweni Malatesta yakhetha uPapa Pius II. Umphumela yimpumelelo kwalolu mbimbi ilethe amandla republic phezu ezigodini ezintathu ezilapha.

Ekhulwini le-16, uMbuso WamaRoma wenze imizamo eminingana ukuphoqelela intela San Marino, aphendukela ngisho nasekulweni ekusebenziseni amandla, kodwa republic ukulondoloza uzibuse. Ngo 1543-m amabutho sobupapa wathumela wasithatha republic, ukuba ulahleke zamahlathi eNtabeni Titano, lokhu kunqoba ngaphandle kokumpompela igazi kuyinto namanje iholide lomphakathi kuleli zwe.

Ngekhulu le-18 futhi 19 esenzeka ukuma efanayo ngokumelene ingcindezi yangaphandle. Kodwa ngisho Napoleon ahlinzekwa San Marino umbimbi enobungane. Ningathinti leli zwe elincanyana kanye neCongress of Vienna. Izwe isiba indawo yokukhosela ababaleki zezombusazwe, udaba zazo uhulumeni ayivunyelwe futhi ngenkuthalo bavikela emizamweni uzithatha ngempoqo. Republic obengama ubukhosi bayo uma uzama siyifake ukubunjwa Holdings zayo uPapa Pius le lesishiyagalolunye kanye ubunye Italy ngo-1860. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe San Marino hlangothi, nakuba kwakungelula.

EMpini Yezwe II lizwe yabekwa esigamekweni sokuqhunyiswa yokuphambuka indiza British ngo-1944. Ngo-July walowo nyaka, amabutho aseJalimane bakwazi ukuba luthathe kafushane insimu weRiphabhulikhi, babasiza wokutakula esiye sasiza British lokuxosha abahlaseli. Ngemva kwalokho, izwe ekwazile silondoloze uzibuse kuze kube isikhathi samanje.

isiko

Abahlala kuleli lizwe uyaziqhenya ngazisa ukuthi Republic of San Marino yilona lizwe encane kunazo zonke emhlabeni, futhi lokhu lokuqwashisa ngesisekelo zesimo sazo sengqondo. Lapha ukulondoloza ngokucophelela amasiko kazwelonke kanye self-ungubani, nakuba ithonya izwe elizungezile-Italy likhulu kakhulu.

Inani oyinhloko abantu - umndeni. It is ngokumangalisayo kakhulu kudlalwa, kubhapathizwa othile babantwana izibalo zesehlukaniso sincane kakhulu. Izakhamuzi zithi yemifino azi kahle ukuthi kubaluleke close ekulweni nodlame ezweni ngaphandle, ngakho wandawonye lapha kuphezulu kakhulu. ezweni kude ivumela amaholide kazwelonke ukuguqula cishe idili jikelele, lapho amatafula babekwa ezitaladini, maqondana lapho bonke abantu phansi.

Kunezindlela eziningi uma kunemikhosi yesizwe kuphela eyasungulwa emuva emlandweni sasendulo saseRoma. Festival Medieval ngoJulayi isiba ukunqoba ethandwa: abantu bagqoke up, umdanso, iya ku udwendwe ukulungiselela izitsha kazwelonke. Ukuze uqonde isiko yalesi isimo, kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula, kunoma yiliphi izwe kuyinto Republic of San Marino - Italy. Ngakho-ke isiko kakhulu efana isiko amazwe amaningi anamandla angomakhelwane, it is nje ayoliswe nokusikisela iqholo ngenxa yezwe lakubo.

Republic namuhla

Uma ucabangela isakhiwo isimo ezweni, ungacela: San Marino - republic noma kwamakhosi? Impendulo owamangaza abantu: San Marino - republic endala kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngisho ngesikhathi kuwa eRoma lasendulo, kule nsimu iphethwe ibamba akhethwe, futhi ngakho-ke uyaqhubeka kuze kube manje. kanjani kuleli zwe amancane silondoloze ukuhleleka sayo sezenhlalo endaweni enjalo uthi enamandla urhulumende monarchical, okuyinto wazama ebamba zonke indawo ezungeze? Mystery. Kodwa namuhla izwe ilawulwa ibamba amabili akhethwe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Sikhishwe isibalo sabantu kuleli zwe (abantu 32 000), kuthathwa ngokuthi cishe wonke umuntu kanye ithuba ekuphileni ukuvakashelwa ibamba.

San Marino kuyinto ilungu EU, kodwa unelungelo ukukhipha kwenani elithile euro zemali izimpawu zabo. umnotho wezwe ikakhulukazi ukunikeza izindawo zezimali: yasebhange, umshwalense, ukuhweba. Kuyinto umkhakha obalulekile kanye nezokuvakasha. Lapha ukuvakashelwa ezingaphezu kuka-3 million ngonyaka ngamunye. Kukhona nemizana angu-30, esikhulu kunazo zonke edolobheni Serravalle, inezinhlobo azungeze 10,000 abantu. Ulimi olusemthethweni San Marino - Italian. Ukuze uvakashele kuyadingeka ukukhipha Schengen visa, sezindiza kuleli zwe alikho, olandelayo emoyeni imbobo eItaly, isibonelo, Rimini.

zokungcebeleka

Namuhla e-Republic of San Marino ezikhangayo okuyizinto Sinesithakazelo esikhulu izivakashi, ingenye Champions lamazwe ngenombolo izikhumbuzo zomlando namasiko ngamunye imitha square. Isimo wakwazi ukugcina izakhiwo ezibalulekile ezimbalwa kusuka Ephakathi. Izivakashi umzila kufanele lifake Ukuhlola inqaba eNtabeni Titano, esigodlweni zikahulumeni, neoclassical Basilica del Santo, elakhiwa e-1838 ngu wezakhiwo Antonio Serra, imigwaqo Umuzi omdala. Wonke umuzi maphakathi neNtaba Titano ezivikelwe njengezindawo UNESCO amasayithi. Isihambi eziyibonayo kakhulu e San Marino kukhona amasonto amaningana, izinqaba izinsalela ezithakazelisayo nezakhiwo zasendulo. Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile kukhona isango lasendulo San Francesco kwekhulu le-14, lapho engena ezweni angaPhandle, isonto Pieve del Santo - omunye ezikhumbuzo lokuqala ngemva kokusungulwa kobuKristu, esontweni iSan Francesco nge esigodlweni eduze, elakhiwa ngekhulu le-15. Izwe ngokomlando kuhlanganiswe 9 amayunithi zokuphatha, ngalinye elikwazi usenayo siqu castle yayo ephakathi.

inqaba

San Marino republic, okuyinto kuwo wonke umlando, elwela ukuzimela, has izinqaba esiyingqayizivele. Uma eNtabeni Titano kwaba iziqubu ezintathu izindonga inqaba, yona eyaqala ukwenza i esizokwakhiwa njengoba Ekuqaleni kwekhulu 10th. Namuhla, ingxenye indawo engakaze walondoloza, kodwa kukhona udonga ukuzivikela emhlabeni phezulu. Monte Titano has iziqongo ezintathu, ngamunye wabo kukhona imibhoshongo ukuzivikela futhi izindonga. Rocca Guaita (Okokuqala Tower) uvele Ngekhulu le-11, le nqaba ezizungezile liqukethe ezimbili zezitokisi ezingu-inqaba izindonga, isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi, ticongotekulindza.

Namuhla le nqaba kungenziwa wavakashela, nezindonga zayo nge ukubukwa okukhulu isigodi. Castello izindaba cesta - isakhiwo sesibili - esakhiwa ekhulwini-13 ku-intaba ephakeme kunazo zonke sentaba. Ukulondolozwa inqaba muhle kakhulu, lapho ebusa umoya Ephakathi, njengoba indawo itholakala emnyuziyamu izikhali lasendulo. Wonke amaqembu aphezulu ohlwini lwesithathu ihlobise Montale inqaba eyakhelwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-14. Hlola iphuzu nesithakazelo kungaba ngaphandle nje.

National Palace

I-Republic of San Marino, izithombe ezithinta umoya endala, uyaziqhenya hhayi kuphela kwezakhiwo ukuzivikela. On Freedom Square imele ezinhle Palazzo Publico, Uhulumeni Palace. Lakhiwa wezakhiwo Francesco Azzurri ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 ngesitayela neo-gothic. Isigodlo ubukeka ngokubabazekayo kakhulu, nezindonga zayo linikeza ukubukwa amahle. Isigodlo Interiors ahlotshiswe ngesitayela ephakathi. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi namuhla esigodlweni esihlalweni uhulumeni wezwe, lapha ungathla izinkambo waqondisa.

Izinto okumele uzenze e San Marino

Ethandwa kakhulu ukuyothenga indawo esifundeni - kuba Republic of San Marino. E-Italy, ngokunembile, izakhamuzi zalo, ngezimpelasonto othanda ukugibela isimo encane yezitolo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-San Marino kunezinzuzo intela kanye nemikhiqizo ajwayelekile kungadla ishibhile. Ngakho-ke, izivakashi ngokuvamile ukuchitha isikhathi sabo mahhala ezitolo. Lapha ungakwazi ukuthenga amakha, kakhulu lesikhumba izimpahla (izikhwama, izicathulo, izingubo) ngamanani aphansi ukwedlula e-Italy. Kukhona eziyinxanxathela ezinkulu eziningana, okuyinto zinikeza izaphulelo eningi ku izimpahla eziningi. Okunabileko Ukuvakashela ezimakethe zendawo, lapho ungakwazi ukunambitha ushizi omnandi kanye kakhulu lendawo, izinhlanzi fresh ukudla, ukunambitheka iwayini ayi futhi uthenge izinto eziyizikhumbuzo ezidliwayo ekhaya.

abathandi hambo angahamba nge Umhlahlandlela ezindaweni eziningana yezwe, ukubona omunye izinqaba, ngaphandle inhlokodolobha, ukuze simbone ne impilo sanmarintsev abavamile. Ukuze kwakwakhiwa kakhulu izipesheli indiza ugibele phezu zwe. Futhi isikhathi khulula ongasichitha izizinda, ezitaladini eyinkimbinkimbi, izintaba, izinqaba mahle ukuhlolwa kokuphumula. Ukuze ekhuphukela phezulu, ungathatha imoto ikhebula. Kufanele uthathe isikhathi ukuqapha ushintsho yabalindi ngesikhathi Palace kaHulumeni.

San Marino - ngamaholide izwe, lapha ayeba nemikhosi eminingi yobuciko, ukupheka, umculo yobuhlanga, yezandla. Ngakho-ke, angikaze inkinga yini okufanele uyenze.

iminyuziyamu

Ukuze izivakashi ukwazi Republic San Marino, Italy inikeza ezihlukahlukene iminyuziyamu. Lokhu Museum ezithakazelisayo zokuhlukunyezwa, lapho iqoqo lezinsimbi zomculo sokuhlushwa, emnyuziyamu wax izibalo, curiosities, Aviation Museum of izimoto elite "Ferrari", okuyinto eqoqwe 250 amamodeli we izimoto yalesi brand eminyakeni. Futhi Museum eyinhloko yezwe, ngomlando isimo. Kubathandi art Pinakothek San Francesco inikeza iqoqo kahle imidwebo kusukela ngekhulu le-14 futhi iqoqo eliyingqayizivele izinto zenkolo of Franciscan Order.

ikhishi

I-Republic of San Marino e-Italy, kanye nomakhelwane wayo eyaziwa, idume gastronomy yayo. Cuisine lapha kakhulu okusikhumbuza isiNtaliyane, ungazama izinketho zakho unamathisele ikhekhe "pizza la." Hungry e San Marino ahlale kungenzeki, lapha lenqwaba izindawo zokudlela, amathilomu kanye amaphuzu ukudla emgwaqweni. It kungenziwa ngokuthi obukhulu emabhontjisi isobho nge ubhekeni, ikhekhe "Titan" zohlelo saziso, isinkwa amnandi nge omisiwe ofakwe anisette. Izwe idume layo eliyingqayizivele uju ukunambitheka okuyinto amafutha omnqumo eliyingqayizivele futhi lendawo.

ulwazi oluwusizo

San Marino - Republic Petite kakhulu, kodwa izinto zokuthutha lapha isebenza omkhulu, nakuba isikhungo kunikezwa abahamba ngezinyawo. Imoto kungenziwa kwesokunxele phezu eminingi multi-level zokupaka. Izwe uthethe yonke indawo ukuba ukhokhe ngekhadi lasebhange, nakuba cash is wasamukela ngokuzithandela kakhulu. Ukungena ezweni uzodinga ipasipoti umshwalense wezokwelapha. Njengoba a isikhumbuzo San Marino bavame ukuthenga lesikhumba izimpahla, izinto ezenziwe ngobumba, ubucwebe, imikhiqizo metal kokuzihlanganisa, amafutha omnqumo ngendlela enhle bafake iwayini emabhodleleni wendawo.

San Marino - Kuthule kakhulu, izwe friendly futhi iphephile. Kukhona cishe akukho sigameko untoward kwenzeka, kodwa ngokuqaphela akusho ubuhlungu, ngoba amacala pickpocketing nokukhwabanisa lapho ukuhweba senzeka.