Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral: izithombe, incazelo, wezakhiwo, ikheli, yokukhulekela isheduli

Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral Petersburg kufanele kubhekwe omunye ezikhumbuzo yesiteleka kakhulu we baraque Elizabethan. Ukuze badunyiswe St. Nikolaya Mirlikiyskogo - the ongumvikeli izihambi futhi ngomkhumbi - ke iminyaka eminingi iyindawo ngokomoya amatilosi Russian.

Petersburg ulwandle isiphetho

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuphila Petersburg atehlukaniseki olwandle, futhi baqala emhlabeni elimiswe 1704 Admiralty Shipyard. Eduze yafakwa kuleyo minyaka Sea zokuhlala - settlement okuyinto ngokuyinhloko emabhalekisini ngetshe elilodwa storey ngaphakathi which they zwa yilabo ababenombono izandla futhi wadala lasolwandle Russian. inkumbulo yabo liyalondolozwa amagama - kanye eponymous emgwaqweni Kanonerskaya kwindlela efanayo. Canonero ngesikhathi uPetru wabiza Gunners.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapha, futhi wamisa lombhishobhi, okuyinto okukhulunywa ngayo kulesi sihloko, futhi anginike igama layo endaweni lapho itholakala, emakethe, umhubhe, amabhuloho amabili nasemigwaqweni, egqoke kulezi zinsuku igama Glinka sika.

Kubonakala kusukela imibhalo ezigciniwe, Ukukhetha indawo, okuyinto kamuva rose Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, wayezimisele hhayi kuphela khona isikhala mahhala, kodwa futhi budebuduze nemifula, ezifana izingwegwe noCatherine yeNayile nazo emfuleni Fontanka.

Eyandulela yesonto samanje

Ngenjongo ukunakekelwa obungokomoya balabo abaqhubeka ekuqaleni wakhonza amasonto amaningana ezakhiwa emnyangweni oluhle ngemikhumbi yempi, eduze Admiralty igceke lemikhumbi. Endaweni lapho manje kumi Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, kwakukhona yesonto, futhi abazinikele e yokudumisa ongumvikeli ezinqala futhi abahambi. Kusukela Umlando wabantu ababephila, kuyaziwa ukuthi sihluke ukujula yomhlobiso wawo okungavamile, kodwa ayikwazanga ihlanganise wonke umuntu.

Uyazehlisa ukuze izicelo amaningana ebandla, isiGungu Esingcwele seSonto isinqumo sokuzakhela endaweni yayo esontweni ngokhuni, futhi anikezelwe umxhasi wasezulwini yemikhumbi, kodwa ukwenza kube olukhudlwana, okuyinto kwakwenziwa 1743. Kuyo bathunyelwa kusuka Chapel yangaphambili imifanekiso, izinto zesonto futhi konke amelwe akubaluleke ngalutho. I-parish yesonto entsha lalilikhulu kakhulu. Ngokusho kwamaphepha lokusinda, ilungu lawo embuso abasebenzi 3396 futhi izisebenzi, singabali abesifazane nezingane.

Ukuqala ukwakhiwa yesonto itshe

Nokho, ukwakhiwa yesonto lokhuni kwakumane okuthuthukisa. Yena kubhebhethekiswe ngokwabo ngenkazimulo imikhumbi Russian adingekayo abavikela bakhe ithempeli esifaneleka kangcono, futhi 1752 Prince Mikhail Golitsyn, owayengumongameli Adiralteystv College, okufakiwe kuKesari sokuba ukwakhiwa lombhishobhi entsha itshe.

Zonke izindleko kuhlelwa ukumboza esebenzisa uMnyango Naval, futhi kusukela ngeminikelo yokuzithandela izakhamuzi. Enkulumweni yakhe ukuba iNdlovukazi Elizabeth, Prince ikakhulukazi wagcizelela ukuthi ukwakhiwa lombhishobhi kuyoba umvuzo inkumbulo okufanelekelayo "nokunqoba okukhazimulayo imikhumbi Russian". Empress Elizaveta Petrovna akazange anqikaze bakuvuma lakubo, okwathi kamuva umsebenzi waqala.

Umakhi owadala iphrojekthi lombhishobhi

Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, isithombe zazo okusesihlokweni esithi, lakhiwa Petersburg wezakhiwo Savvoy Ivanovichem Chevakinskim. Njengoba wezakhiwo ukwakhiwa ikusasa isampuli, kuphakanyiswe ukusebenzisa lombhishobhi, ngaphambili eyakhelwe e-Astrakhan, futhi ezakheke impela ozithandayo kaPetru mina ngesikhathi ehambele komuzi Lower iVolga. Kuyaziwa ukuthi uMbusi okuhloswe ukwakha okufanayo Petersburg, kodwa ngokufa okuzumayo, okuyinto ilandelwe 1725, uvikelwe ukugcwaliseka izinhlelo zakhe.

Chevakinsky kwadingeka bavume, kodwa ekugcineni ukufana lamasonto amabili lwalulinganiselwe ukuba domes zabo ezinhlanu, okwakusho Petersburg kuleyo minyaka kwaba rarity. Iqiniso lokuthi isikhathi eside wonke Ezakhiweni zesonto kuwo yayakhiwa imodeli lombhishobhi edumile, esisogwini indawo le nqaba, okungukuthi, owodwa oluyingungu futhi lwaluba umbhoshongo insimbi nge Spire. Ngakho, ukudala Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, umakhi wenze isinyathelo esibalulekile ebhekiswe ukubuya isiko Orthodox waseRussia.

Cathedral, okuyinto akesabi yezikhukhula

iphrojekthi wezakhiwo zayo zokuqala sekugcwalisiwe ukuvunyelwa eliphakeme entwasahlobo ka 1752, kodwa ngokushesha ngiyitholile emuva ibukeza, njengoba ekulungiseleleni imidwebo lingenyuswanga ikukhumbule yezikhukhula, kaningi kangaka kule enhlokodolobha enyakatho. Ngemva ukwelashwa okufanele athathe ngonyaka, umsebenzi ekugcineni evunyiwe kwindlela lombhishobhi liye lasinda kuze kube namuhla.

In version yayo entsha isakhiwo yayo lwaso lwaphakanyiswa ukuze yokuthi phansi kwakuqinile ngenhla ezingeni ukuthi izikhathi inhlekelele ifinyelela amanzi iNeva. Ngakho, ke wayezelwe futhi olinganise jikelele lombhishobhi. Ngaphandle-ke ngesikhathi kusuka 1755 kuya 1758 umbhoshongo insimbi Yakhiwa, ngokwemfundiso yesiko, Petersburg, isipikili ngumuntu Spire okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral: Incazelo

Lena ngenye yama-amasonto ababhishobhi ngobukhulu Petersburg ngesikhathi esifanayo abantu abe izinkulungwane ezinhlanu. isakhiwo sayo has simise cruciform ngeqhinga futhi ngokucebile ehlotshiswe amakholomu laseKorinte, stucco architraves futhi balcony nge ekhandiwe Iron grid bafaniswe.

Ngokwe okusalungiswa S. I. Chevakinskogo, kwakhiwe Cathedral lakhiwa sesibili. izakhiwo vaults kukhona ngesimo i cross equilateral. Ibandla elingenhla lanikezelwa yokudumisa Epiphany. Lo mkhosi onesizotha wakhe wawenziwa ngo-July 26, 1762 by-Archbishop Sylvester (Kulyabko) ebukhoneni Umbusikazi uCatherine II, owayevakashela Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral. usebandleni laKhe engezansi, njengoba ekuqaleni wakhulelwa, lanikezelwa behlonipha St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa.

Icons Cathedral kanye imihlobiso eqoshiwe

Ikakhulukazi Kuyaphawuleka kukhona amasonto amabili iconostasis, wenza ekhulwini XVIII, evelele okuyinhloko-yezithakazelo ezigxilile zababazi S. P. Nikulinym futhi I. F. Kanaevym. Futhi of interest nezimpawu, ukudalwa okuyinto waphathiswa okungcono Petersburg isithonjana umdwebi yaleyo minyaka Fedotu Lukichu Kolokolnikovu nezingane zakubo ezimbili - Ivan futhi Mina.

Kufanele kuqashelwe, ngenhlanhla ukuthi imidwebo kokubili iconography athuthukile umakhi lombhishobhi - SI Chevakinsky. Wazakhela uhlu ezidingekayo ngabo imifanekiso. Ngaphandle imisebenzi lezi abaculi, sesonto, isithonjana eziyingqayizivele Nikolaya Chudotvortsa nge kuyizinhlayiyana ezingcwele yakhe, wenza ekhulwini XVII. Kuyinto shrine eyinhloko esontweni lombhishobhi.

Memorial Obelisk futhi kumgomo lombhishobhi

Wonke umuntu oza St Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, ungahlosile kuqhakambisa esiqinile Obelisk vysyascheysya engadini yakhe. Yaqalwa ngo-1908 kukhunjulwa amatilosi yempi "Alexander III», iqhawe owashona ngo Battle of Tsushima, okwakuyigama omunye emakhasini edabukisayo empini Russian-Japanese.

Umdwebo Obelisk sidalwe omunye abahlanganyeli lezo zenzakalo - a colonel, Prince M. S. Putyatinym. Ngo nenkathi zangaphambi wamavukelambuso lapho isibhedlela umkhandlu evulekile abampofu, kanye abesifazane yokukhosela, ezibhedlela kanye esiza abantulayo nge school khulula.

Cathedral iminyaka amaSoviet nasemakamu okuthunyelwe namaSoviet

Eminyakeni elandelayo Okthoba Revolution, uNicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, ogama kheli: St Nicholas Square 1/3, ngokungafani namanye amasonto amaningi ezisemadolobheni, ayizange abaseduze, futhi esikhathini kusuka 1941 kuya ku-1999, ngisho kwadingeka isimo lombhishobhi. Amakamelo, wahlela ekwayeni, kuleyo minyaka wahlala Leningrad Metropolitan - U-Alexis (Simansky), kamuva yahlala esihlalweni sobunzalamizi, futhi uGregory (Chukov).

Ngo-April 2009, ngemva Metropolitan uVladimir (Kotlyarov) yakhethwa yangcwelisa isonto engenhla, emathempelini wakhe wabuya eziningi ashaqe ngaphambi, phakathi okuyinto endaweni ekhethekile kuhlala imifanekiso lasendulo eyenziwe abadwebi Kolokol'nikova (babo eshiwo ngenhla), kanye uMphongolo izinhlayiya yabangcwele eziningi Orthodox.

Njengoba Nicholas Epiphany Naval Cathedral (Petersburg) ekuqaleni eyakhelwe njengendlela intela ukuze amaqhawe Navy Russian ke futhi namuhla, leli siko wathola ukuqhubeka yayo. Ubufakazi lokhu kungenziwa aboshelwe isonto engenhla zingcwecwe nge amagama inqwaba amatilosi Kushone lisemsebenzini. Phakathi kwabo, amatilosi ngwenya "Komsomolets" yacwila ngo-Ephreli 1989 e Sea Norwegian, kanye ngwenya yenuzi 'eKursk ", owashona ngo-2000. Wokukhumbula usuku asizwa lombhishobhi yomngcwabo naye nabo bonke amatilosi Navy isiRashiya, abanikela ukuphila kwabo ngenxa yezwe lakubo.

Izikhungo ebibanjelwe Cathedral

Namuhla, lapho Russia ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka uNkulunkulu akekho Imininingwane futhi waphuthuma izimpande zakhe ezingokomoya, phakathi kwezinye izindawo zokukhulekela Petersburg ithole endaweni yalo efanele, futhi Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral. Luhlelo yamasevisi Waphezulu labetibambile kuwo, ubonisa ukugcwala futhi ukujula ukuphila zakhe ezingokwenkolo.

Amabili izimfundiso nsuku zonke olwenziwa: ekuseni, ngesikhathi 7:00, futhi kamuva, ngo 10:00. Ngamunye Ukuvuma izono ngokukhululeka nangokusuka aseshiwo ukuqala imizuzu engu-15 ngaphambi kwesikhathi esibekiwe. Futhi, at 8:45 futhi ngo 12:00 labetibambile imithandazo, futhi ngezinye 18:00 - isevisi kusihlwa. Lonke isikhathi, njengoba kudingeka, ligcwele zonke izinhlobo edingekayo.