Mikhail Kovalchuk: Biography nomsebenzi yesayensi

physics Russian Mikhail Kovalchuk wazalwa eLeningrad, September 21, 1946 emkhayeni ososayensi-mlando. Ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene (futhi ngokuvamile into efanayo) kwaba umqondisi ehola nezikhungo eziningana ucwaningo, kubandakanya i-Institute of Crystallography kanye Kurchatov abadumile, ilungu lebhodi yesikhwama "Skolkovo", okuholela izinhlelo zesayensi kanye ethandwa kumabonakude noNobhala yesayensi yoMkhandlu ku imfundo, isayensi nobuchwepheshe ngaphansi uMongameli we Russian Federation. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayehileleka eningi amacala ngaphezulu, okuzokwenziwa ezichazwe lapha njengoba hero yalesi sihloko Kovalchuk Mihail Valentinovich.

umndeni

Uyise physics abavelele Valentin, usosayensi, isazi-mlando, umcwaningi kuyo le legatsha Leningrad wase-USSR Academy of Sciences, wayesebenza e-Institute of Umlando futhi kwaba onguchwepheshe nokuvinjezelwa kweLeningrad usinde bonke ubunzima bakhe. Yena wahamba iminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesikhombisa ubudala, washona ngo-2013. Umama wasifundisa umlando ngesikhathi LSU.

Mikhail Kovalchuk - umfowabo omdala ka Billionaire Yuri Kovalchuk, onguSihlalo we lebhodi labaqondisi ibhange "Russia", ezihambisana eziningi ibhizinisi iyimpahla ebaluleke kakhulu. Yuri Kovalchuk kwaziwa kahle njengomngane oseduze kaMongameli WaseRussia, futhi le ndodana yalo Billionaire Boris ephethwe uMnyango amaphrojekthi kuqala uhulumeni waseRussia, futhi okwamanje ungusihlalo ibhodi JSC "Inter Rao UES".

Nendodana

Umlando abathintekayo nomfazi physics ethandwa, kuba onguchwepheshe Ireland futhi uyindodakazi akukho mlando kancane odumile Yuri Polyakov, Academician. INdodana Mikhail Kovalchuk baba usihlalo we lebhodi labaqondisi media eliyifa ezinkulu - "National Media Group", engabanikazi bephephandaba amasheya iziteshi kuqala futhi lesihlanu "CTC Media", "ren-TV" ku "Izindaba" nenye imidiya eziningi.

Igama Kirill Kovalchuk kulawo nabezindaba mayelana nehlazo ne ukuvuselelwa Bolkonskis endlini enkabeni yedolobha. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi Mihail Andreevich Kovalchuk ngakhonza Spassk-Far, kodwa ubudlelwane emkhayeni wakhe alutholakalanga ne iqhawe kwalesi sihloko.

Ukufunda

Ngemva kokuthola iziqu ngo-1970, uMnyango Physics kweLeningrad State University lolungenamaphutsa bavikela idiploma yakhe e-Institute of semiconductors, Academy of Sciences of USSR, isihloko owawungumnyaka cwaningo kwama-X ray, ngamandla ehlakazekile zinhlayiya ephelele, Mikhail Kovalchuk abazange baqhubeke ohlongozwayo iziqu esikoleni futhi kusakazwe eMoscow oqeqeshwayo-umcwaningi we-Institute of Crystallography Shubnikov eU.SSR Academy of Sciences.

Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, wayiswa isimo. Ngo-1978, Mikhail Kovalchuk, ogama Umlando womuntu ophilako zinothile izenzakalo yesayensi, baba PhD, mqondo endaweni efanayo futhi efana isihloko mqondo.

Ph.D.

yiminyaka emakhulu asithoba kamuva, Mikhail Kovalchuk bekulokhu inhloko yabangamashumi-X-ray yokukhanya namandla synchrotron emisebeni laboratory. Futhi ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi - phezu ukuvikelwa, mqondo manje okulungiselelwe ngokufuna ngezinga yesayensi esigabeni esilandelayo - udokotela physical sciences ne-zezibalo.

Lapho ukuvikela kwakukhona abaphikisi abanonya, abakholelwa ukuthi imiphumela eyethulwe dissertator, ingozi ngokwanele: ngabe okungalungile, noma plagiarized. Noma kunjalo wakwazi ukulwa emuva, futhi Mikhail Kovalchuk bavikela ngempumelelo.

Umqondisi noSolwazi

Ngo-1998, Mikhail Kovalchuk waba uprofesa futhi umqondisi we-Institute of Crystallography, lapho weza akunjalo kudala a intern elula. Ngo-2000, uMnyango Jikelele Physics ne-Astronomy we-Russian Academy of Sciences ukhishwa kuye isihloko Okufana Ilungu (e olujiyile ndaba physics). Khona-ke wathatha ukulawulwa yemibhalomfihlo "Isikhala Materials" ngaleso sikhungo.

Kusukela ngo-2005, wathatha olunye kangcono directorships Mikhail Kovalchuk. Kurchatov Institute amyisa okuthunyelwe yokuba inhloko Centre synchrotron emisebeni ye. Futhi ngo-2007, waphathiswa ukuze enze imisebenzi le iphini likamengameli we-Russian Academy of Sciences. Nokho, ukungena ngokugcwele ku okuthunyelwe, Mikhail Kovalchuk wahluleka, ngoba kwakungeyona ilunga eliphelele Russian Academy of Sciences. Futhi njengoba ilungu elishisekayo lezifundiswa kakhulu yakhe wenqaba ukuthatha, bakubheka njengobuthakathaka umphathi ezingaphezu kuka usosayensi othile.

izinguquko Russian Academy of Sciences

Kunalokho, ngo-2012 wabekwa icala ngokulandela imisebenzi yesikole eMnyangweni Physics of SPSU, Ngakho-ke, kwakudingeka basebenze ngokushesha ezikhungweni ezintathu avelele, nayo emadolobheni ahlukene. I upshot ngo 2013 a ivoti eliyimfihlo inqatshelwe kabili esuka phambi kwakhe kule post, okuyinto yena wayevela eyishumi nanhlanu edlule - Mikhail Kovalchuk awuzange ayakhethwa Umqondisi we-Institute of Crystallography.

Ngemva kwalokho kwafika bill, zabhalwa ososayensi abaningi chasiselwe Kovalchuk ababephathwe kabi. Russian Academy of Sciences usebhekene Yezinguquko eqinile. Mikhail Kovalchuk yena akathinteki, ethi abezindaba ukuthi nakanjani Academy of Sciences kumelwe ishabalale like wonke uMbuso WaseRoma babhubha.

2015 th

Kulo nyaka, Mikhail Kovalchuk kwadingeka eziningi izinkulumo zeningi, ezithakazelisa kakhulu - Federation Council, lapho wakhuluma ngokuthi i-United States ukudala zenyathi omusha wabantu - "abantu ibhizinisi", yiziphi izingozi ukusetshenziswa amaseli yokufakelwa, nokuthi i-United States kuthinte ukubeka lonke izinhloso zesayensi kanye lobuchwepheshe emhlabeni. Ikakhulukazi kusukela kokungenela wabo isayensi eYurophu nase Russia. nokubambisana Scientific ophakathi kwala mazwe womabili, ngokuvumelana Mikhail Kovalchuk, kudingeka kancane kancane sengeta futhi amaphrojekthi ngokuhlanganyela ngeke ukuqala.

Ngo-December, ekupheleni kwalesi inkulumo Putin nomhlangano Mihailom Kovalchukom. Lapho, wafike wathola ukuthi Academician Yevgeny Velikhov, umongameli we-Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", eba ngumongameli zokuhlonipha. Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin esimisiwe Mikhail Kovalchuk kokuthunyelwe singenamuntu. ngokushesha Kovalchuk ezihlongozwayo ukudalwa a ophendulayo Fusion isizukulwane esisha. Ukuqala 2016 baletha umhlangano entsha uMongameli Russian Federation noMongameli we-Kurchatov Institute, okukhulunyiwe izinhlangano yokusesha bakwazi ukuphatha kwemiqondo ngawo.

okuthunyelwe okuningi

ezibalulekile kuphela, ngempela okukhulu ukuzwakala izikhundla okuqondene Mihailu Kovalchuku, abalwa nesikhombisa. Esikhathini ubulungu eHhovisi likaMengameli kanye neKhomishini - uMkhandlu ngaphansi uMongameli RF (isayensi nemfundo, sesimanje nokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe emnothweni isiRashiya, ubuchwepheshe okusezingeni eliphezulu nemibono emisha, nokunye), emakolishi - Ministry of Industry, uMnyango Wezemfundo we Russian Federation; ibhodi abaklami main nenduna, izazi ezivelele nososayensi - endaweni ephezulu tech imikhakha yezomnotho; Public Chamber of the Russian Federation.

ukuphathwa Scientific luphinde eningi isikhala kulolu hlu: MIPT ubuhlakani (kulesi sikhungo edume kuzoxoxwa ngokuhlukile), wahlanganyela nano-, bio-, lehlukene ekucabanga kwengcondvo netintfo yelwati; UMnyango Physics of nanosystems eMoscow State University, uMnyango izindlela wesayensi yenuzi SPSU ucwaningo; Umnyango Physics MIPT nokuxhumana ngemisebe; Wafundisa njengoba onguprofesa Faculty of Science of izinto MSU. He is iPhini likaSihlalo we RAS, okuyinto waziphatha nanotechnology.

ngaphezu kwalokho

Mikhail Kovalchuk ungumhleli induna "Crystallography", i iphephabhuku zezemfundo, namaphini Umhleli oyinhloko wephephandaba esavela ephephabhukwini lesayensi i ngagama eside "ebusweni.-X-ray izifundo." Popular Uhlelo isayensi TV Mikhail Kovalchuk ngesikhathi isiteshi wesihlanu ngokuthi "Umlando Yesikhathi Esizayo."

Yena uSihlalo weKomiti kazwelonke Crystallography we Russian Federation; RSNE; NKRK. Futhi ilungu AAAS (American Association for Ekusakazeni Science), esigabeni physics.

kwezesayensi

ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa Academy of Sciences Kovalchuk kwaba ingxenye enkulu ye-ososayensi ukuhlaziywa-X-ray, kodwa ungakhi isayensi entsha, noma umnikelo vnosshim ukuze neminye imikhakha yesayensi. Isitatimende ezinkulu lenani waseGalile okutholakele wesayensi eziningi ezifana nokuphathwa, ezomnotho, pedagogy, wezifundo zezombusazwe, i-biology, ithiyori zobuhlanga kanye nomlando (o, indlela ezithakazelisayo lapha sokuqonda amangqamuzana ezakhi zofuzo zomuntu Russian!) - kungcono nje ubulima banal, ososayensi abakholelwa ubuthakathaka ungumuntu ohamba phambili kunabo hhayi amaNazi, hhayi Lysenko.

Njengoba sinazo zonke lezi amaphutha, ososayensi bakholelwa RAS Mikhail Kovalchuk, abantu enengqondo kakhulu futhi ehloniphekile kuzo zonke izinhloko isayensi Russian. Futhi bathi izinguquko kwenziwe ezindaweni zabo abantu ezahlukene ngokuphelele ukuthi iziphakamiso zakhe cha guided, kodwa Kovalchuk ezingqubuzana RAS bazuza ngokucophelela.

ITEP

Ososayensi e-Institute of theory kanye kokulinganisa Physics beat alamu: basuke ukubhikisha ngokumelene ukudluliselwa izikhungo bomdabu ngaphansi kohlelo olubizwa ngokuthi yi Kurchatov Institute futhi ngaphansi kobuholi Mihaila Kovalchuka. Ngo-2012, kwathiwa ngisho wadala isayithi "Londoloza ITEP" lapho izinhlamvu onogada bonke osopolitiki isiRashiya, undunankulu nomongameli. Ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane ososayensi ngemvume kubo, ingxenye yesithathu abasebenzi yesayensi Institute kanye. Ungene sicelosikhalo ngisho Nobel Prize bevela emazwekazini aseMelika, ucabangela ITEP omunye izikhungo ehola emhlabeni.

Encwadini bathi lesi senzo okulingana ukuthi e-United States shaqa NASA, futhi eJalimane - Max Planck Institute. Yilokho uhlobo isikali ukuthi isikhungo - ITEP esisuselwe Nuclear Research ngo-1945, okuyinto wasebenza ngawo "Rosatom". Ngaphezu incenye Kurchatov Institute ahlanganisiwe nabanye abaholi ababili ensimini Biology kanye Isikhungo Physics. Inhloso ekubumbaneni ezinjalo, ososayensi abathi ukubona ukudalwa umbono ehlukile Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Mikhail Kovalchuk bahluleka ukuba ilowo. Inhloko ngaphandle Academy of Sciences of igama akunakwenzeka.

Omunye umbono

Isimo ngokuqondene nehlazo emhlabeni inkonzo cindezela Kurchatov Institute ayizange ubeke ngempela, ebhekisela yokuthi kweNdikimba amandla ezweni hhayi kuphela ufuna attain sesimanje esimeme, kodwa futhi ukufeza intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe eyodwa noma ezimbalwa iziqondiso ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kuze kube manje, ulwazi oluqoqiwe alinikezi Mikhail Kovalchuk, isihloko umphathi yimpumelelo. Perspectives udonsa enhlobonhlobo, ngaphezu kwalokho, omkhulu, ikakhulukazi imigomo ye-nanotechnology laba balobi abakuloba futhi hybrid izinhlelo (amarobhothi).

Ucwaningo lwenziwa, kodwa imiphumela Amazing kule kuphila kuphela, singabokudatshukelwa akulindelekile, mhlawumbe ezinsukwini ezizayo. Imininingwane Inhloso lapho wahlulelwa mayelana nokusebenza kahle imisebenzi yesayensi - inani lezincwadi. Isabelomali Kurchatov Institute kuphela 2012 kudlulwe ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu eziyisikhombisa, manje, yebo, ngaphezulu. Nokho, kuyinto kakhulu wawungaphansi izincwadi eziningi ukuze amanyuvesi eziningi kangaka futhi eziningi zocwaningo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sibalo lokuphathwa nesikhathi Kurchatov Institute Kovalchuk wawa ngamagama ashubile.