Methane Combustion

Methane kuyinto gaseous chemical kwakwakhe nalesi ifomula amakhemikhali CH4. Lona omele olula alkanes. Amanye amagama kulolu iqembu organic compounds: nokukhawulela, ayegcwele noma hydrocarbon paraffinic. Basuke izimpawu kokuba nobuhlobo olulodwa phakathi ama-athomu carbon ku-molecule ye, futhi zonke valences asele ngayinye athomu carbon igcwele ngu-athomu omoya-hydrogen. Ukuze alkanes ukusabela ngowokuthi ukushiswa. Bashisa ukwakha carbon dioxide igesi futhi umhwamuko. Ngenxa yalokho, omningi ezikhishwe chemical amandla, okuyinto ibe ukushisa noma amandla kagesi. Methane uketshezi oluvuthayo kanye Isakhi esiyinhloko igesi yemvelo, okwenza kube i-fuel ezikhangayo. At inhliziyo ukusetshenziswa okubanzi zemvelo ezimbiwa phansi yokusabela methane amandla omlilo. Njengoba ingaphansi kwezimo ezivamile yigesi, kunzima ukuthutha olude emthonjeni, ngakho ngokuvamile kuba zangaphambi kuncibilike.

Inqubo omlilo zisabela kanjani phakathi i-methane nomoya-mpilo, isb ku elula namachibi alkane. Lokhu kukhipha carbon dioxide, amanzi kanye amandla amaningi. Amandla omlilo methane lingachazwa nge ezothando: CH4 [igesi] + 2O2 [igesi] → CO2 [igesi] + 2H2O [umusi] + 891 kJ. Okungukuthi, umuntu-molecule e-methane ukusabela amabili molecule-mpilo yakha i-molecule ye-carbon dioxide futhi ama-molecule amabili amanzi. Lokhu kukhipha ukushisa amandla, okuyinto ilingana 891 kJ. Igesi yemvelo iyona ehlanzekile wokushisa ezimbiwa phansi ukuze amalahle, uwoyela nezinye izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa ziyinkimbinkimbi ngaphezulu kwengoma. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi omlilo Zikhiphela emoyeni amakhemikhali ezahlukene elimazayo. Njengoba igesi yemvelo ngokuyinhloko yakhiwe methane (mayelana 95%), bese evutha ke neze ukhiqiza by-imikhiqizo noma bevela mancane kakhulu kunalawo esimweni nezinye izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi.

Inani calorific methane (55.7 kJ / g) ingaphezu kwe homologues yayo, ezifana ethane (51.9 kJ / g), propane (50.35 kJ / g), i-butane (49.50 kJ / g), noma ezinye zokubasa (ukhuni, amalahle, iziketekete). Burning methane ukhiqiza amandla. Ukuhlinzekela ngonyaka Mhlophe komlilo 100 W amalambu kumelwe abasele msebenzi 260 kg izinkuni, kg 120 amalahle, iziketekete noma 73,3 kg, 58 kg noma yonke i-methane, okuhambelana 78,8 m³ Igesi yemvelo.

I alkane elula yithuluzi kubalulekile ugesi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokuyishisa uphethiloli kubhayela, odala umusi okuyinto ushayela a ophephela umusi. Futhi amandla omlilo-methane isetshenziswa kukhiqiza amagesi esishisayo flue, ogama amandla kwenza ukusebenza the samanzi igesi (omlilo ezisebenza kuze ophephela noma samanzi ngokwaso). Emadolobheni amaningi, i-methane ngomtshingo ku amakhaya Ukushisa yasekhaya nokupheka. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto izinhlobo hydrocarbon uphethiloli ovuthayo igesi yemvelo has a kwemvelo ezincane-carbon dioxide futhi semali ukushisa.

Amandla omlilo methane isetshenziswa ukuze kuzuzwe Amazinga aphakeme ngokwedlulele okushisa e amaziko zimboni zamakhemikhali, ngoba izitshalo Ngokwesibonelo, ezinkulu-ethylene. I igesi yemvelo exutshwe emoyeni yanikezwa izitofu kwesithando pyrolysis. Inqubo omlilo edonsa amagesi flue nge lokushisa eliphezulu (700-900 ° C). Bona ukufudumeza ipayipi (etholakala ngaphakathi kwesithando somlilo) lapho ingxube impahla eluhlaza is fed nge umusi (ukuze kuncishiswe coke kwetinhlavu amashubhu esithandweni). Ngaphansi isenzo okushisa aphakeme, sebuningini zamakhemikhali, okuyinto liyakuthela yezingxenye target (ethylene futhi propylene) kanye byproducts (resin pyrolysis Heavy, i-hydrogen ne-methane amafraktjhini, ethane-propane, hydrocarbon, C4, C5, pyrocondensate; yilowo nalowo kubo isebenza isibonelo, pyrocondensate ezisetshenziswa emasimini ukukhiqiza ukudla benzene noma motor uphethiloli izingxenye).

Amandla omlilo methane kuyinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokomzimba-chemical mkhuba zisuselwa exothermic redox ukuphendula, elinesimo okusezingeni eliphezulu ukugeleza rate nokukhululwa esiningi ukushisa, nokudlulisa ukushisa kanye mass sokudlulisa izinqubo. Ngakho-ke, umklamo definition ingxube omlilo lokushisa kuyinto umsebenzi onzima, njengoba ngaphezu ukubunjwa ingxube fuel kungayithonya kakhulu umfutho futhi izinga lokushisa kokuqala. Babebona nokwanda kokungabi omlilo lokushisa kuyanda nokudlulisa ukushisa kanye mass sokudlulisa izinqubo neqhaza ukunciphisa yayo. Methane omlilo lokushisa kule izinqubo design futhi apparatuses ukukhiqizwa chemical kunqunywa ukubala, futhi ukufaka ekhona (isib emlilweni pyrolysis), it is kulinganiswa usebenzisa thermocouples.