Meteor ahlukene meteorite? Incazelo, izibonelo emkhathini futhi emkhathini

Khuluma ngalokho lihlukile meteorite Meteor ukwazi imfihlo kanye ohlukile besibhakabhaka esinezinkanyezi. Izinkanyezi abantu bethemba izifiso zabo eziyigugu kakhulu, kodwa sizogxila nezinye izindikimba zasezulwini.

Izici Meteor

Igama elithi "Meteor" lihlotshaniswa imihlola ezenzeka emkhathini, lapho ngesilinganiso abalulekile ahlaselayo imizimba angaphandle. I izinhlayiya ezincane ukuze nokubhujiswa kwabo okusheshayo kwenzeka ngaphansi isenzo friction.

Ingabe ukuya emkhathini ebusweni? Incazelo yalezi mayelana nezinto zasemkhathini, ehlongozwayo ngu izazi zezinkanyezi, kunomkhawulo wemali inkomba short-term streaks elikhanyayo zokukhanya besibhakabhaka esinezinkanyezi. Ososayensi ngokuthi "ezitshuzayo."

Izimpawu emkhathini

Meteorite kuyinto izinsalela meteoroid ukuthi ifinyelela ebusweni iplanethi yethu. Kuye ukubunjwa, kukhona ukwahlukana kwezindikimba zasezulwini zibe izinhlobo ezintathu: itshe, Insimbi-itshe.

Umehluko phakathi izindikimba zasezulwini

Meteor ahlukene meteorite? Sekuyisikhathi eside Lo mbuzo yahlala ingaziwa ukuba izazi zezinkanyezi, isizathu ukuyohlolwa nocwaningo.

Emkhathini ngemva ayehlasela ozungeze umhlaba ulahlekelwe isisindo sabo. Ngaphambi lokhu omlilo mass liyindikimba yasezulwini ingeqi amagremu ayishumi. Lokhu value kuyinto encane kangaka enganakeki kuqhathaniswa ubukhulu Zomhlaba, kusukela ukuwa Meteor akukho nemiphumela kuyoba.

Emkhathini falling eplanethini yethu, abe nesisindo abalulekile. Chelyabinsk emkhathini yawela phezu Februwari 15, 2013, ngokusho uchwepheshe ulinganisela esingamathani angaba yishumi.

I ububanzi nendikimba ethile esemkhathini engu-17 m, the velocity kudlulwe 18 km / s. Chelyabinsk meteorite waqala umlilo ezingeni ukuphakama mayelana amabili amakhilomitha, futhi isikhathi ingqikithi indiza akazange idlule imizuzwana engamashumi amane. amandla ukuqhuma ephakeme kunaleyo nokubhonywa Hiroshima izikhathi ezingamashumi amathathu, kwamiswa ngenxa izingcezu eziningi futhi izingcezwana, yawa phansi emhlabathini Chelyabinsk. Ngakho babebanga ukuthi Meteor lihlukile kwemvula yezinkanyezi ezinomsila, okokuqala kunakho konke, siphawula isisindo sabo.

Meteorite Elikhulu kunawo wonke kwakuyiSonto into zitholiwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili e Namibia. It esingamathani angaba ayisithupha.

imvamisa iconsi

Meteor ahlukene meteorite? Siyaqhubeka ukukhuluma mayelana nomehluko phakathi lezi zindikimba zasemkhathini. Esimweni yomhlaba eyodwa kuphela ngosuku lapho agqoke amakhulu ezigidi izinkanyezi ezitshuzayo. Endabeni sezulu ecacile ungabukela cishe ihora 5-10 "ezitshuzayo" ukuthi empeleni izinkanyezi ezitshuzayo.

Emkhathini futhi kaningi bazithola iplanethi yethu, kodwa iningi labo ziwashisela phakathi nohambo. Ngoba usuku iziteleka komhlaba ambalwa ka lezo zinto zasemkhathini. Ngenxa yokuthi iningi labo wafika erhalawumbeni, izilwandle, izilwandle, abazi abonise abacwaningi. Ososayensi ngoba ngonyaka kungenzeka ukufunda kuphela inombolo encane la zasemkhathini (izingcezu ezinhlanu). Ukuphendula umbuzo ngalokho kuvamile emkhathini futhi emkhathini, singabona Ukwakheka kwabo.

ingozi yokulala

izinhlayiya ezincane ezakha meteoroid kukhona abangela umonakalo. Bahola ebusweni bakhathale mkhathi, ungase uvimbele umsebenzi wabo izinhlelo amandla.

Kunzima ukuhlola ingozi yangempela owabuzwa emkhathini. Uma uyikha phezulu le ngemva kwesifo uhlala omningi "nezibazi" futhi "Ukuphulukisa". Uma nendikimba ethile esemkhathini ezifana mkhulu, bese hits eksisi Umhlaba offset kungenzeka ukuthi ukonakaliswa sezulu.

Ukuze siyazise ngokuphelele ubukhulu bale nkinga, unganikeza isibonelo Tunguska meteorite. Wawa ehlathini, okubangela umonakalo endaweni ayizinkulungwane eziningana amakhilomitha square. Uma endaweni lalihlala abantu, kungaba inkulumo mayelana inhlekelele langempela.

Meteor iyisici ukukhanya ukuthi sivame ukuba isibhakabhaka esigcwele izinkanyezi. Lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi gama lesiGreki lisho ukuthi "okwasezulwini." Meteorite umzimba okuqinile kokuba umsuka isikhala. Enguqulweni Russian kweThemu le kuzwakala "itshe esibhakabhakeni."

ucwaningo lwesayensi

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi lezinkanyezi ezinomsila kanye emkhathini kuhluke ezinkanyezini ezitshuzayo, ahlaziye imiphumela ucwaningo lwesayensi. Izazi zokuhlolwa kwezinkanyezi zakwazi ukuthola ukuthi ngemva Meteor hit emkhathini izingqimba eMhlabeni kuyinto Siyafulesha yabo. Ngo inqubo amandla omlilo uhlala smear, ehlanganisa igesi ionized. izinhlayiya Meteor fade ezingeni ukuphakama amakhilomitha ayisikhombisa kusukela komhlaba. Inkanyezi enomsila ushiya besibhakabhaka esinezinkanyezi "umsila." isisekelo salo nengaphakathi okuhlanganisa uthuli ice. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezilandelayo kungenziwa ise inkanyezi enomsila: carbon dioxide, i-ammonia, ukungcola organic. Uthuli umsila, ngalo eshiya in motion yayo kwakhiwa izinhlayiya gaseous.

Uma emkhathini woMhlaba engenhla emizimbeni isikhala ubhujiswe izingcezwana noma uthuli izinhlayiya ukufuthelana ngu ukuxabana futhi phuma. Emincane kakhulu wabo ngokushesha ashisiwe, esikhulu, yayiqhubeka, sigodle umzila elikhanyayo gas ionized. Basuke ucime, ukufinyelela ibanga cishe elilingana amakhilomitha ayisikhombisa ebusweni bomhlaba.

Flash isikhathi kunqunywa isisindo nendikimba ethile esemkhathini. Endabeni enkulu amandla omlilo Meteor ungakwazi ukujabulela ukubaniza elikhanyayo imizuzu eminingana. Le nqubo izazi zezinkanyezi ushayele imvula inkanyezi. Endabeni eshaweni Meteor ehoreni elilodwa ungabona yikhulu emkhathini evutha. Uma osayizi umzimba yasezulwini ezinkudlwana inqubo ezihambayo emkhathini obukhulu eMhlabeni, it is hhayi idliwe ifinyelela ebusweni iplanethi. Ngaphambi Umhlaba ifinyelela kungekho amaphesenti angaphezu kuka eziyishumi isisindo yokuqala meteorite.

Njengengxenye yensimbi emkhathini aqukethe esibalulekile nickel nensimbi. Ngesisekelo itshe kwezindikimba zasezulwini kukhona silicates: Olivine futhi pyroxene. umzimba Iron-itshe anenombolo cishe alinganayo silicates nensimbi-nickel.

isiphetho

Abantu ngaso sonke isikhathi ukhona, wazama ukufunda izindikimba zasezulwini. amakhalenda Star babezimisele izimo zezulu, ezama ukubikezela ikusasa wazibonela yokwesaba besibhakabhaka esinezinkanyezi.

Ngemva ukubukeka izinhlobo ezahlukene izibonakude, izazi zezinkanyezi bakwazi ukuchaza izimfihlo eziningi izimfihlakalo besibhakabhaka esinezinkanyezi. Ingabe kwaba lezinkanyezi ezinomsila kabanzi wafunda, emkhathini, emkhathini, eyisisekelo ehlukile futhi ukufana okukhona phakathi lezi zindikimba zasemkhathini. Ngokwesibonelo, izindawo ezinezigaxa zamadwala ngobukhulu, ukushaya phezu kobuso bomhlaba, khona yensimbi Goba. ososayensi wayo baye bathola ku Melika Kwasebusheni, isisindo sawo sasiyitalenta mayelana amathani ayisithupha. eyaziwa Kuhle esimisweni sonozungezilanga kubhekwa Comet Halley sika. Ixhumeke nge kokutholakala umthetho wamandla adonsela phansi.