Mann Genrih: Biography, umsebenzi wokubhala, imisebenzi emikhulu

Emlandweni izincwadi emhlabeni kukhona izibalo ezimbili isibongo Mann noHenry Thomas. Laba balobi are kakhulu siblings omncane okwakuwuphawu omele ekhazimulayo temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba yefilosofi ekhulwini XX. Senior okungenani eyaziwa, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi emthunzini umfowabo omkhulu. Isihloko - onekhono umuntu biography, owachitha ukuphila kwakhe izincwadi, kodwa washona ngo ubumpofu nokuba nesizungu. Igama lakhe - Mann Genrih.

Isendlalelo imisuka

Ngo-1871, e umndeni German usomabhizinisi tomasa Ioganna Genriha Manna indodana. Izibulo kamuva waba ngomunye wabalobi edume kakhulu kwekhulu XX, ogama lakhe - Mann Genrih. Usuku Lokuzalwa - 27 Mashi. Mfowethu, ogama sibalo unendima ebalulekile emlandweni izincwadi zezwe, wazalwa eminyakeni emine kamuva.

Literary amadodana umsebenzi Mann ngokuphelele awahlangabezananga yasekhaya, owawuthi, amakhulu amabili eminyaka wonke amalungu alo mkhaya ahlukile wahlanganyela kuphela emisebenzini yomphakathi sezohwebo.

igazi German kanye Brazilian agelezé e ngemithambo edumile Mann abazalwane. Henry Sr. kanye Ngishade owesifazane lowo abazali babedabuka esuka eSouth America.

Umlobi esizayo lalikhulela ngaphansi kwezimo ezimvunayo. Uyise labetibambile ngibe sesikhundleni esibalulekile emphakathini, ukuthi nakanjani zonke izingane zakhe (kamuva ayemahlanu) esizayo ekhaliphile. Nokho, amadodana namadodakazi ukudalelwa isungule ngokuzuma okukhulu futhi ngokudabukisayo. Kamuva lolu hlobo umlando, kanye nokufa kwakhe, njengoba kubonakala kula inoveli yakhe edumile ethi "Buddenbrooks" Tomas Mann.

Ngemva uHenry iziqu Katharineum - esikoleni ezaziwayo eLübeck - waya Dresden, ukuze bafunde namaqhinga edolobheni ukuhweba ibhizinisi. Kodwa kamuva ngonyaka kuphazamisekile ukuqeqeshwa Mann abasha.

Henry wakhetha ukubhalisela njengesisebenzi sokuzithandela kwelinye Berlin ukushicilela indlu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wafundiswa e-University of Fridriha Vilgelma. Akekho abazalwane Mann eseqedile imfundo njengoba ezibaluleke kunakho konke ekuphileni, bafuna ukubhala. A Ukuthanda lokusungula kwaba ngokuphelele uncharacteristic kwabamele elidala yomthengisi umndeni German. Ngaphandle-ke, ngaphandle Yuliyu Mann - unina Thomas noHeinrich. Lona wesifazane kwakuhlukile ewubuciko ukuziphatha, musicality nobuciko.

Ngo-1910, wafa kabuhlungu omunye wamadodakazi emkhayeni Mann. UHenry, omsebenzi wakhe sisesimweni yokujama tsi ngalesi sikhathi, it is nzima ngokwedlulele yizo udadewabo. Washada iminyaka emine kuphela kamuva, ekuqaleni kwempi. umbhali Chosen baba actress Czech Maria Canova. Kodwa kamuva, e-America, ukhanda wamletha nowesifazane ogama lakhe Nellie.

Ukuhamba

Ngo 1893 nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela Munich, yilungu lephalamende Johann Mann. Henry kule nkathi nohambo kaningana, phakathi okwakukhona uhambo Petersburg. Umlobi esizayo iminyaka eminingi kwadingeka akukho zokuhlala unomphela. Njengoba namashumi okugcina eminyaka yawo yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye kuze kube kokugqashuka kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, Mann Genrih, isithombe zazo okwethulwa kulesi sihloko njalo wathutha emzini ngomuzi. Eminyakeni embalwa umlobi nesazi-German wahlala e-Italy. Ngokuvamile luhamba wayehamba umzalwane abasebasha.

ukudluliselwa Permanent babe nesilinganiso esifanele futhi emva 1982, umlobi esizayo wahlupheka ezinzima wamaphaphu nesifo. Ukuze ubuyisele impilo, abazali bakhe wathumela uHenry eWiesbaden. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi wafa uyise Umbhali odumile. Ngemva ikhambi lokugcina kuqala Genrihom Mannom zadalwa imisebenzi ebhaliwe.

"Mfundisi esithwalwa, noma ekupheleni engumashiqela"

Le noveli yodumo, protagonist okuyinto pedantic uthisha lolimi esikoleni, yanyatheliswa ngonyaka ngemva kokudalwa. Kodwa lo msebenzi, okuyinto wabhala Mann Genrih ngo-1904, wagxekwa kakhulu, futhi isikhathi esithile kwakungavunyelwe nhlobo. Ikakhulukazi okungekuhle, "indaba yazi ngokuwela komuntu othandweni 'ahlanganiswe umuzi ka umbhali.

Uzungu - impilo yendoda ngaphezu kwakho konke amandla zenani. Kodwa njengoba wayengakwazi abafundi babo kuphela, khona-ke wazama ngazo zonke izindlela ukugcina at bay esizukulwaneni esisha. Kodwa uma ugqozi walidla kuye futhi washintsha ngokuphelele ukuphila kwakhe. Shono isihloko inoveli okushiwo "ekupheleni engumashiqela." Kamuva, le noveli liye lahunyushelwa ezilimini eziningi, futhi ke edumile Hollywood umqondisi umsuka German Sternberg wambamba ifilimu "The Blue Angel" nge Marlene Dietrich in the indima abaholayo.

Kwemibono Mann abazalwane

Henry - umbhali kanye nesazi, owaziwayo ekuqaleni kwekhulu ikakhulukazi phakathi abafundi German - iminyaka eminingi ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukuxhumana umfowabo omncane, uThomas. Isizathu izingxabano zezombangazwe abukhali. Ngemva kokuthuthela e-Melika Heinrich Mann Osukwini losizi futhi zaba zimbi ngokufa okudabukisayo umkakhe. Naphezu ukuxabana, le nsizwa layilamula. Thomas Mann wayengomunye walabo nabantu abacebe German abalobi-nezihlakaniphi.

Thuka Mann

Izingane nabazukulu umthengisi German kanye lephalamende ubephelezelwa zonke izinhlobo ngamashwa, okwakubonisa emhlabathini njengoba evundile amahebezi nenhlebo. Bobabili nodade uHenry wazibulala. Ngendlela efanayo washiya leli zwe ofayo nomfazi umbhali yesibili.

Thomas Mann, okuyinto ebuhlungu ngempela ukuphendula zenzakalo, nge impumuzo ongaziwa asabela ngayo lapho kufa ka umkamfowabo, ithi incwadi isihlobo, ukuthi "lona wesifazane ukuphila spoilt ukuba uHenry, nokuphuza kakhulu, amahlazo, okubi kunakho konke, wasebenza njengendlela uweta kule club. " Ekugcineni uSam, umlobi nesazi omkhulu futhi umbhali yomsebenzi esingumfanekiso 'Ukufa e-Venice "sokuphila kusolakala walwa ukuthambekela kwabo kobungqingili. Lokho akuzange Nokho, ukumvimbela, sisole indodana uthuli, ababengakholelwa uzame ukufihla bengabakaJehova nje eliyingcosana ngokobulili.

"Uqotho"

Ekuqaleni noveli kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala wabuye washicilelwa Genriha Manna, lapho khona umbhali ekhona ngempela namaqiniso futhi kuchazwa imikhuba Germany Kaiser sika. Ukusebenza endleleni protagonist, umbhali wakwazi bambonise "ngaphakathi". Gesling Mann e inoveli yakhe - nomele evamile esakhiweni somphakathi wonxiwankulu isiJalimane, libhekene i nolaka maqondana konke ukwesaba alien futhi zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo nokukhawulela ngamandla akhe. Lo msebenzi, kanye nezincwadi Freud sasho sika, Genriha Geyne noKarla Marksa, wavalwa zibulawa amaNazi namathathu banesifo esibi.

"Eminyakeni engu-Young zeNkosi uHenry IV»

Ngo-1935, kwelinye imisebenzi yakhe edume kunazo Heinrich Mann uye kwasusa esikhulu isithombe obuqand 'ikhanda umbusi. Umsebenzi ikhombisa intuthuko ukuphila kwenkosi esihlalweni sobukhosi, ehlanganisa inkathi kusukela ebuntwaneni kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe. Kamuva, umlobi utlole kumdlalo, nale misebenzi eyenziwe dilogy, ababedlala indima ebalulekile kakhulu umsebenzi umbhali German.

esekudingisweni

Kwamanye Amazwe umsebenzi etemibhalo Mann abalethanga engenayo. Mhlawumbe kwakungenxa yokuthi amanoveli zakhe zazibaluleke isithakazelo ikakhulukazi abafundi German. A indima ebalulekile yokuthi umsebenzi Mann sika aqala ukuncipha, futhi iye yaba nesibhicongo umndeni.

Ngo-1950, ku Santa Monica, indoda ifa abampofu kakhulu futhi nginesizungu ngokuphelele. Sekusele inyanga eyodwa ukufa komlobi othile wacela ukusithatha okuthunyelwe kaMengameli we Academy of Arts, kwaba eMpumalanga Jalimane. Kodwa Heinrich Mann wayemiselwe ukuba afele kwelinye izwe, wena wedwa.