Lolu amazing umbuso isitshalo!

Zonke izinto eziphilayo Zomhlaba ekuqaleni ngokomlando ihlukaniswe kwezilwane kanye umbuso isitshalo. Khona-ke kwanqunywa ukuba bahlukanise ezimele umbuso isikhunta, lamagciwane. Ngisho nangemva kwesikhathi esithile waba umbuso ozimele ophethwe wathatha ijamo protists, archaea futhi chromium.

Esikhathini isitshalo umbuso kuhlanganisa nezitshalo eziqhakazayo futhi gymnosperms, wona club kanye horsetails, ezinjengohlinzamfuku futhi wona. Ngezinye izikhathi zihlanganisa ulwelwe. Izimbali zezitshalo futhi gymnosperms, abanye yabelana, yena, phezu utshani, izihlahla, izihlahla kanye nezinye.

Aristotle ekuqaleni isayensi kunqunywa umbuso isitshalo esimweni Lesisemkhatsini phakathi kwabaphilayo imvelo ezingaphili. Ngesisekelo yakhe usosayensi agumenti ukubeka amaqiniso amabili:

1. Basuke eziphilayo ezingaba ukuphindaphinda, usithathela ukudla namanzi, ukushaya futhi sakwazi ukuphefumula ophilayo.
2. Izitshalo abakwazi ukuthutha ngokuzimela.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umbuso plant endaweni wafunda kakhulu isayensi, namanje okutholakele zenziwa kule ndawo. Futhi nezindaba impikiswano namanje - ezihlukahlukene kakhulu.

Ngokwesibonelo, namuhla awukwazi phikisana yokuthi izitshalo abakwazi ukuthutha. Move ngokuzimela - kodwa ngeke bakwazi, ngoba uhlelo impande ngokuqinile ophethe isitshalo endaweni eyodwa. Kodwa ukuqiniseka ziyakwazi ukunyakaza.

Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela izinkondlo, ikhono ezinye izihlahla, izihlahla, utshani nezimbali "ukukhala" - secrete uketshezi ngaphambi imvula. Isenzakalo esifanayo siyenzeka maqondana Maple, Alder, willow, uphayini, ngesihlahla, Alokaziya, sparganium, quinoa, crybaby-utshani.

Usuku lwesifundo akuthathwa ngu izazi zezinto eziphilayo njengoba inqubo ngokomzimba, kodwa njengoba inqubo yamakhemikhali. Khona-ke wena kungaholela isibonelo mnandi - Izitshalo ezidla. Oh, kukhona ke ngeke akekho uxabana: leaf ishidi imbali ezidla ivaliwe, ngokushesha nje lapho ehlala phansi kanye ku isinambuzane. It kalula kungabonakala nasemkhakheni, nge emangalisayo ekhaya "isilwane" enjalo ekhaya phezu sill iwindi!

Nasi ukuphikisana kungenzeka ukuthi isitshalo kwenza izenzo ezinjalo ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukuthi, umsebenzi othile kucushwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izifiso ekubeni. Ngakho, lesi siphetho: emhlabeni zezitshalo lihlukile nemvelo ukuthi abakwazi ufisa ukuzwa imizwa, ukucabanga. izinqubo zokuphila zenzeka kungakhathaliseki isihloko.

Khona-ke singasinda, unikeze isibonelo (isikhathi eside, kule 60s we isihloko esanyatheliswa kuyi-"Isayensi Life" umagazini ngezithombe). izitshalo ezimbili embukisweni eduze kwefasitela. Kolunye izinqubo ngayinye ungavula imbobo, zazo kukhona exudation ukusebenza stem. Amaconsi ewa njalo ecacile.

Ukuqhubeka egumbini ubandakanya umuntu ethulula kubo. Futhi umshini wakho uqala ukuqopha ukuthi ngesikhathi ukufika lo muntu ikakhulukazi amaconsi uqale iconsa ngokuvamile - izitshalo "ukwazi" umondli yabo!

Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuhlangenwe nakho kuhlanganisa uhlamvu eyodwa ngaphezulu - okubi "umbulali." Wathela eyodwa isitshalo ngamanzi abilayo, bese-ke uyafa. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, lo "umbulali" kuyinto emuva egumbini. imbali Owasinda iqala kakhulu ngesasa ukumuzwa lowo muntu! Ingcindezi kuwo mkhulu kangangokuba amaconsi uqale iconsa ngokushesha okukhulu, cishe enye ngemva kwenye!

Ngakho, cabanga ngazo isitshalo noma cha? Indlela bayaqonda ukuthi leli zwe elisizungezile? Mhlawumbe baze niyakwazi ukuxoxa? Konke lokhu esinakho kodwa ukuthola.

biology Modern uthi izitshalo, ngokungafani nezinye imibuso bahlala ngenqubo ye-photosynthesis. Futhi abakushoyo mayelana sekushiwo Izitshalo ezidla? A amagciwane ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhona ngenxa "umnikazi"? Mhlawumbe nabo ivelele embusweni ehlukile?

Yebo, imibuzo eminingi namanje ukuba izazi zezinto eziphilayo ukuxazululwa. Nakuba namuhla kwenziwa okuningi kule ndawo. 287 655 izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo ziye zilotshelwe 2004. Lawa iqembu nezitshalo nezimpawu ezifanayo. Phakathi kwabo kukhona 258.650 izimbali, 11.000 Izinhlobo wona 16000, 8000 ulwelwe oluhlaza. Kodwa ekutholakaleni kwezinhlobo ezintsha namanje zikhona namuhla.