Lesi siqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Lesi siqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Uyini esiqhingini enkulu emhlabeni?

Cishe wonke umfundi ungakwazi ukuphendula umbuzo mayelana sekuyigama lesiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Njalo is Greenland. Itholakala ophakathi kwe-Atlantic ne-Arctic Ocean, at ibanga 740 ukusuka North Pole. Le ndawo engenabantu kulesi siqhingi ine indawo 2.130.800 amakhilomitha square, kuthathwa njengengxenye Ezwekazini laseNyakatho Melika. Ngokuphathelene yezombangazwe, isimo anakho ukuzithiba, kodwa kungokwalowo Denmark.

Iningi lezifiki zokuqala

Ngokusho idatha zomlando, baseYurophu, kulesi siqhingi elaqala ukutholwa ngonyaka 877, lapho uhambo kwaholela Gunnbjørn Fjeld yasala dengwane isiphepho ngasentshonalanga Iceland. Ngokuphathelene kwabantu bokuqala abahlala e leli zwe, ukuthi kubhekwa Viking, owafika elisogwini yayo entshonalanga kule minyaka 982-983, eholwa Erik Raud Turvaldsona. Bakhetha ezindaweni ezimbalwa flat, ivikelwe kahle kusukela isinyathelo imimoya. Le ndawo ngakho ehlaselwa amaViking ezimileni yayo aluhlaza, siziqhathanise ne ezizungezile ehlane glacial ngesikhathi ehlobo, anibizela esiqhingini Green Land, okuhunyushwa ngokuthi: "Green Earth". Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi leli gama ekuqaleni lalisetshenziselwa kuphela oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga. enwetshiwe ngokugcwele kulesi siqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kuba kuphela ngekhulu nanhlanu.

izici insimu

Iningi Greenland imbozwe izinguzunga zeqhwa. Khangela, basibekele endaweni okweqa 1.8 million amakhilomitha square. Ingxenye enkulu, efana ne-Antarctic, kuyinto block esiqinile ice ukuthi cishe istaivaet ngisho ehlobo kuqhathaniswa efudumele. Ukukhuluma ngalokho iyisiqhingi enkulu yomhlaba, ingasaphathwa lokuthi eminyakeni yamuva nokuthambekela kwezinhliziyo ukunciphisa ivolumu isihlangu asebenzayo. Lokhu okusongelayo inhlekelele yembulunga yonke, njengokungathi bonke ice ekhatsi Greenland liyancibilika ngokuphelele, ngokusho ukubala anolaka, ososayensi, izinga lamanzi olwandle bayovuka kakhulu ngendlela eziyisikhombisa amamitha.

Ngokuqondene nazo zonke ezinye zensimu, kuba strip okuqhubekayo, okuyizinto ikakhulukazi ezindaweni enyakatho futhi eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye welulele ngasogwini. Ububanzi izindawo ukufinyelela uphawu 250 amakhilomitha. Ezindaweni engaxhumani amabhange ice ngokuqhubekayo igawula usayizi zeqhwa giant. Enye yalezi ngo-1912 alishiye lapha futhi kwaholela ekuweni owaziwa emhlabeni wonke emkhunjini "Titanic."

Isimo sezulu

Lesi siqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni inesimo sezulu kunalokho oluyingozi. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, emoyeni lokushisa ezindaweni ezisogwini Greenland Izinga ayisishiyagalolunye. Ndawonye nale kukhona izikhathi lapho ama-thermometer kungaba sifinyelele degrees amabili noma phansi zero. Amazinga aphansi ayisibonelo ngoba ogwini olusempumalanga. Lapha beshesha isilinganiso -27 ^° C

Biota

Isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke - Greenland - abakwazi ukuqhosha inala izimila nezilwane. Izitshalo ikakhulu emelelwa ihlathi-emathafeni izindawo, okuyinto basuke bagxila eseningizimu. Zakhiwa ngokuyinhloko birch yemifino. Ogwini olusentshonalanga asethinteke athuthukile amahlozi willow yemifino, ulele futhi moss. Ingxenye esempumalanga yalesi siqhingi iligwadule polar, ngakho asikho izitshalo lapha. Ubude lolwehlukanisa sici izitshalo Greenland, itholakala lokuthi ukuthi azikho imithi emide.

Ukusweleka kuyinto ejwayelekile ye nezilwane zendawo. Izilwane ezivamile abahlala isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, angabizwa ngokuthi polar amabhere, ochakide, onogwaja, reindeer, lemmings nezimpungushe. Izimpisi ezingajwayelekile kakhulu. Izinyoni, walruses, izimvu zamanzi, futhi narwhals bahlala ikakhulu ogwini olunamadwala. Abacebile endaweni lendawo - inhlanzi, okumelelwe izinhlobo ezahlukene - ulwe, cod, eyikati nokunye.

Inani labantu base-edolobheni futhi

Ukukhuluma ngalokho siqhingi enkulu emhlabeni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi naphezu kwesimo sezulu kuqhathaniswa elibuhlungu, Greenland kuyinto ngempela abaningi. Okwamanje, lapho uhlala abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-58. Iningi lazo siyinzalo yabantu bomdabu (Eskimo) futhi abanikazi bamakoloni (Danes futhi baseNorway). Greenlanders wahlanganyela ukuzingela ogxile zezimboni nokudoba. On the siqhingi sethiwa ngokomthetho kubhekwa izilimi ezimbili - lwaseGreenland bese Danish.

Capital futhi idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke e-Greenland kuyinto Nuuk (igama ihumusha ngokuthi "nethemba elihle"), esemgwaqweni ngenhla isithombe. labantu salo kancane abantu abangaphezu kuka-nanhlanu ayizinkulungwane. Lesi sivumelwano yasungulwa ngo 1756. The main ezikhangayo lwendawo Greenland National Museum.

Maka kanye elingenamikhono izingalo

Isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni futhi linamanzi izimpawu lalo. uwuphawu Its umfanekiso polar bear (isilwane obanzi kunayo lapha) on isizinda eluhlaza (elimelela izilwandle amabili). Ngokuqondene ifulege, kuba nombala obomvu nomhlophe. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa umbala wesibili isuke ibangelwa ukwencika zezombusazwe yalesi siqhingi livela eDenmark. On the banner ibekwe njengoba umbuthano ekhombisa ilanga. Nokho, kukhona enye inguqulo mayelana nalesi kufanekisa. Ikakhulukazi, abanye abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi umbuthano limelela main Luhambo wendawo - zeqhwa.

Okunye iziqhingi ezinkulu emhlabeni

Lesi siqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, asakazeke zonke izingxenye zawo. On the ngobukhulu ngemva Greenland kuyinto New Guinea, lapho itholakala ePacific Ocean. It wavulwa uhambo isiPutukezi 1526. Lesi siqhingi ihlanganisa indawo akha 786 000 amakhilomitha square futhi ipharadesi elingokoqobo kwezivakashi. flora Local nezilwane wehlukile ukuze manje ngezikhathi ososayensi bathole izinhlobo ezintsha zezitshalo nezilwane.

Endaweni yesithathu ngobukhulu esiqhingini Borneo, indawo 737.000 amakhilomitha square. It kanyekanye ugeza ezilwandle ezimbili strait futhi ezine. B (ayikwazi ukwenza lokho iyisiqhingi enkulu yomhlaba ukuziqhayisa) izimila uhlelo, nguye upholavuthondaba Greenland. Iqiniso lokuthi angaba ngu-80% of insimu yalo liphahlwe amahlathi. Kalimantan ibe nabayimele okuqinile wamadayimane, uwoyela negesi, ngenxa okuyinto kokubili bendawo baphile.

Budebuduze yezwekazi lase-Afrika kuba Esiqhingini saseMadagascar, okuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke e-Indian Ocean. endaweni yaso 587.000 amakhilomitha square. Esiqhingini igama elifanayo iyona Republic. Asendaweni amumethe namaminerali ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise yensimbi kanye igolide emkhandweni wensimbi. Ngokuqondene yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene, cishe 80% of the izinhlobo zitholakala kuphela Madagascar.

Honshu isiqhingi

amazwi Specific ufanelwe isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke eJapane - Honshu. Ubude bayo 1400 amakhilomitha futhi ububanzi esiphezulu - amakhilomitha angu-300. Babalelwa ku-60% we indawo Japanese itholakala kuyo. Lapha kukhona inhlokodolobha wezwe - Tokyo, kanye namanye amadolobha amakhulu - Osaka, Yokohama futhi Nagoya. Ngokuqondene zokuphatha uhlele isiqhingi, yonke insimu ihlukaniswe yaba 34 izizinda.

Isimo sezulu, izimila kanye nesimo sendawo kuyahlukahluka ezindaweni. Ngempela, uma enyakatho ingxenye libhekene ezintabeni medium and ongaphakeme e zaseningizimu, siphakeme kakhulu kunalokhu. Esiqhingini kukhona izintaba-mlilo eziningi. Mayelana amabili babo abhekwa esebenzayo esikhathini sethu. I enkulu futhi edume kakhulu yile okuthiwa Fuji.

Honshu, phakathi kwezinye izinto, iyona amaningi asethuthukile eJapane, esifundeni kusukela iphuzu kwezomnotho umbono. Lapha-ke bagxila kakhulu ezikhangayo kazwelonke, kuhlanganise engavamile namathafa zemvelo, amapaki, futhi esikhumbuzo yezakhiwo.