Lapho futhi owasungula "Tetris"? I "Tetris" lokuqala emlandweni

Engxenyeni Eighties kwekhulu lamashumi amabili wesibili, intsha cishe kuwo wonke amazwe twirled ezandleni cube a Rubik sika. Ngokushesha indawo lo msebenzi kuza umdlalo omusha, okuyinto edingekayo ikhompyutha siqu.

ukuthandwa okungavamile "Tetris" nezimbangela zayo

umhayizo IMisa elalihambisana ukuvela ngethoyizi elisha, kunzima ukuchaza. Futhi abalandeli abasha, futhi esimpunga abasebenzi bezemfundo nge passion efanayo klatsat okhiye, uzama ukufinyelela ezingeni entsha. Kwakubonakala sengathi impumelelo kwakuxhomeke zonke ngekusasa labo. Kwenzeka ukuthi, emva kokusebenza shift umnyuziki yokusebenza unjiniyela noma uMklami wahlala "kancane ukudlala" phakathi nendawo computer wahlala phambi qapha amahora.

Nakuba ama-computer abantu abavamile ayikwazanga get uthenge kwabo nezidingo izinhlangano kanye ejensi. Abaningi babo kwakungamadoda imishini "Robotron" GDR Imininingwane ukukhiqizwa izici kakhulu eliphansi kuya ezinye omakhalekhukhwini yesimanje. I "Tetris" lokuqala yadalelwa Computing ezinjalo. Umdlalo elula, futhi yilokho kuchaza ukuthandwa eyingqayizivele, okuyinto wayekuthanda.

Mayelana nomlando

ISoviet Union yokwakha kabusha waqala ubhekene nenhlekelele letindzala eladabuka emuva sixties kanye yoma ekhulwini XX. ukungqubuzana zanqwabelana phakathi okusezingeni eliphezulu isilinganiso ezingaba bokusungula ubunjiniyela kanye lobuchwepheshe abasebenzi, ziqu esihle kanye nokulungisa izimo ezibonakalayo zokusebenza esibi wokuphila, nayo njalo eziwohlokayo. Kuvele outflow zomsebenzi izinsiza emkhakheni okungezona elikhiqizayo komnotho ukuhweba yangasese-wokubambisana.

Prestige imfundo ephakeme ngokushesha falling. Umhlaba-class program wakhandleka e eziningi zocwaningo, bazama ukuqhubeka bephila ngemali inkokhelo ubumpofu, nakwentiwa is kokwehla kancane kancane ngenxa ngendathane kwamandla emali. Enye yalezi nezihlakaniphi kwaba engaphiwanga Alexey Pajitnov, owayesebenza Computer Centre of USSR Academy of Sciences.

isikhali Russian imfihlo

Ngo-USSR, ke yasungulwa kumadivayisi amaningi kanye namasu bathole isicelo emazweni okwakubhekwa njengokungcolile eziphambili kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe. Abaqambi ngokuvamile yaqhubeka ingaziwa, futhi copyright yabo athumba abantu eyingqabavu kakhudlwana futhi ngokomthetho abanekhono, ukuzuza Ukwethulwa kwalamazwi ezintsha. Umbuzo ka owasungula "Tetris", ngokungafani nezinye Ezimweni eziningi ezifanayo, ine impendulo eqondile. It Pajitnov, isakhamuzi zase-USSR, njengoba isiphetho sekuwuphawu ngokuhlukumeza okunamandla bokusungula ezweni lethu.

Waze Entela isigamu sina osolwa ngokubukela phansi khono ukuzivikela-United States. La maphoyisa nePentagon, kunokuba wazisingatha zokuphepha zenuzi, ukuhlakanipha kanye isu lembulunga yonke, ingabe ukuphotha izikwele babeqoqana, ezama ukubeka emigqeni lihlale kokuchitha ingxenye enkulu isikhathi inkonzo. Umbuzo lapho yasungulwa "Tetris" wayengenandaba nawo, ngakho ubizwa ngokuthi - ". Russian isikhali imfihlo"

Kungani laqanjwa "Tetris"

Ukwazi umlando ukuvela lo mdlalo, kumele kuphetfwe ukuthuthuka kwayo bekulokhu cishe umgomo wokuphila usosayensi oluvelele. Lokhu akulona ngempela kuyiqiniso. Empeleni Pajitnov, umsunguli we "Tetris" akuyona ezikhethekile ekwenzeni amathoyizi. Wayelethwa wahlanganyela ngezinto ezithanda ukuba bucayi. umsebenzi lakhe kwezesayensi kwakuhlangene ukudalwa kiberintellekta. Puzzle like "pentominoes iphazili" wakwenza ukuze ubonise izinqubo ezihlukahlukene okunengqondo isici kokuhlakanipha kwabantu kanye ukucabanga okunengqondo.

Yaklanywa kuye nezinye izinsiza-kufundisa ngokwengqondo algorithm incazelo. ubuchwepheshe Computer ke kwaba umthamo elinganiselwe kakhulu, nesizotha kakhulu ngaphezu kwazo manje, ngakho ukusabalala kwaba "Tetris" (lapho izibalo wakhiwa "cubes" amane) hhayi "pentomino" (lapho kwakukhona yizakhi ezinhlanu). Lo mdlalo kungaba futhi isikimu okulula umzimba anti-ukuguga. Kubonisa ukuthi imizamo uhlelo okuzivuselela akwanele ukuba esikhundleni umonakalo kwemibono phakathi nenkambo yokuphila njalo, kanye entropy iwina.

"Tetris" eNtshonalanga

Noma ubani owasungula le "Tetris", okungukuthi, Alexey Pajitnov, akazange ngokushesha waqala ukuthola izinzuzo kusukela umkhiqizo wawo. Lokhu lenziwa latholakala kuphela ngemva amalayisense omhlaba kanye Nelungelo. Le nkampani kusukela UK "Andromeda" lokuqala waveza isifiso sawo sokuba ukuthola copyright futhi ixhunywe ngqo umlobi. ENtshonalanga umdlalo isivele leaked futhi kukhona wathola abalandeli bayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, osomabhizinisi abaningi banesifiso ukuthola imali kuso.

Umqondisi "Andromeda" Mnu Stein kwaholela Pajitnov ku-TV lapho afike akhokha khona CBS isiteshi yakhe bukhoma, ukuvumela wonke umuntu azi owasungula umdlalo "Tetris." Ngo inqubo interview kwaba sobala ukuthi umbhali kanye nomnini wayo yonke amalungelo empahla angakawamukeli for iphazili penny yayo othandwayo, nakuba "Microsoft" futhi "Spectrum Olobayt" Wethule kakade ke emakethe njengoba imikhiqizo yabo.

Ukusungulwa kanye umvuzo

I ayitholwa likahulumeni waseSoviet ukuhwebelana namanye amazwe, futhi kulokhu kwaba nemiphumela ebuhlungu. Umhlahlandlela Association "Elektronorgtehnika" Ukuqaphela ekugcineni ukuthi into enjalo ebonakala silly onjengalo izibalo falling kungaba umthombo imali sina, wangena isivumelwano Stein. Kulokhu, akekho owacabanga ukuthi basayinde isivumelwano ngokwabo Pajitnov. Ngokuya zokuphatha-umyalo uhlelo, akunandaba ukuthi ubani owasungula le "Tetris", into esemqoka ukuthi wakwenza isakhamuzi Soviet (lowo akayena phikisana), futhi kungakho inzuzo kumele ziqongelelwe umshini bureaucratic.

Isiphetho umsunguli

Umsebenzi Alekseya Pazhitnova isungule kahle, lokungenani ngekusho impahla. Lokhu uMklami abanamakhono has iminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili nakho inkampani "Microsoft", lapho anakho amathuba iSilekeleli Sokwazisa. Imisebenzi ukuthi wenza okuningi iphazili eziyinkimbinkimbi wamenza abadumile, kodwa ukuze andise ukukhanga umkhiqizo akhiwa kubo zokutusa ukubalula ukuthi umbhali nguye owasungula le "Tetris", Alexey Pajitnov yena.

Ngo nineties ngaya anecdote mayelana "omusha waseRussia" (kwaba ethandwa isithombe yamahlaya ogqoke ijazi nsomi ngokubomvu umgexo wegolide entanyeni yakhe), okuyinto ngithenge ngama-computer ebiza kakhulu futhi zanamuhla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wabeka mthengisi isimo esiqinile kakhulu: "Uma" Tetris "ngeke zisebenze, ungiphendule!" Kungenzeka ukuthi Unicode abanamakhono Alekseya Pazhitnova esiyokhunjulwa sekungamashumi amaningi eminyaka kuphela njengoba we-amathoyizi nemudrenoy. Sad ...