Kuyini usayizi Red Square e Moscow besiza namamitha?

Red Square - uphawu oyinhloko eMoscow neRussia iyonke. Le ndawo cishe nakanjani zonke isivakashi ngokuvakashela enhlokodolobha. Red Square itholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Moscow ezibiyele, futhi kungagcini kwezakhiwo ezimbalwa, amelela ezikhumbuzo ebaluleke kunayo izakhiwo.

Ubukhulu Red Square

Okwamanje, ingenye yezindawo ezimbalwa e Moscow, kuyinto zone abahamba ngezinyawo. Ngemoto ukugibela lapha ke akuvunyelwe nhlobo. Red Square e Moscow, ubukhulu empeleni eliphezulu kakhulu. Ubude bayo 330 m, ububanzi - 70 m Lokho, endaweni yayo Imininingwane -. 23100 m2. Yiqiniso, ukuthi okuningi. Namuhla isikwele esikhulu kunazo zonke kuleli dolobha. Izivakashi Ujwayele lapha Metro. Kufanele ukuya iziteshi Theatre, Revolution Square noma Okhotny Ryad. Bonke abafisa ukujoyina nesiko ERussia yasendulo lapha bavunyelwe kwezithikamezo. Red Square egandayiwe emabhuloki itshe.

indaba

Ngakho-ke yini usayizi Red Square e Moscow, thina atholakala. Manje ake sibheke ezinye ngesikhathi esifanayo, lapho kumiswa, futhi kungani inenani kangaka zomlando kanye nesakhiwonchanti setenhlalo. Kwadingeka kule ndawo enhloko-dolobha, ngenxa yalokho, Isimanga siwukuthi, nje esimweni esidabukisayo. Kwasukasukela le ndawo etholakala Posad, izindlu iningi ezenziwe ngokhuni. Ngo 1493 kwaba khona umlilo, owabhubhisa cishe zonke izakhiwo. Kamuva le nsimu ukwakha uvinjelwe. Lesi sinqumo sathathwa ukuze ivikele izindonga we Kremlin. Kwaphela isikhathi eside kule ndawo waseMoscow walibiza ngokuthi uMlilo.

Ngemva kwesikhashana ohlangothini olungasempumalanga abathengisi square engumthengisi eyakhelwe namabhentshi. Naphezu kokuvinjelwa, ukuhweba lwenziwe on esigcawini ngokwalo. Ngakho-ke igama lawo lashintshwa khona kwathiwa eMakethe. Ngaleso sikhathi, endaweni waba yizinqamu ezintathu ezitaladini cobbled Ilinka, iqaba kanye Nikolskaya. Ngekhulu le-15, lapho Basil sika Cathedral kanye Spasskaya umbhoshongo ezakhiwa. Eduze esizeni sethempeli waqala ukubiza abomvu. Kamuva igama lasakazekela yonke indawo. Ngokusemthethweni, kwathiwa livikeleke 1661 umyalo wombusi. Ngokusho incazelo eyenziwe 1782, ngesikhathi Red usayizi isikwele iMoscow yayingenye 135 amayadi angu eside futhi 75 - ububanzi.

zokungcebeleka

Izindawo enhle kakhulu Red Square yilezi:

• Cathedral St Basil sika.

• UMnyango Isitolo State (gum).

• Gim.

• Spasskaya Tower.

• Isikhumbuzo ukuze Minin futhi Pozharsky.

• Wezindawo zezidumbu.

• INdawo Yekhanda.

• Kazan Church.

Pokrovsky Cathedral

Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sakhiwo ubizwa ngokuthi i-St Vasiliya Blazhennogo. Nokho, ezinye izazi-mlando zikholelwa ke ayilungile. Empeleni, izinga langempela le-Church Vasiliya Blazhennogo ubhekwa kuphela omunye izindlu sethempeli, elakhiwa ngo-1588 kwi emathuneni saint. Leli thempeli ngokwayo lakhiwa 1555 ngesikhathi kubusa Ivan le Kubi ukuze bakhumbule ukuthunjwa Kazan. Ngokuthi ubani owayemkhulu wezakhiwo zayo alwaziwa. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, yena waba waphakanyiselwa umakhi iphrojekthi Yakovlev Pskov okusheshayo. Ezinye izazi-mlando nabo bayakholelwa ukuthi umklami leli thempeli kwaba ziyinkosi engaziwa Italy.

Okwamanje, Pokrovsky Cathedral igatsha State Historical Museum. amasevisi Waphezulu aphethwe lapha ngezinye izikhathi kuphela. Leli thempeli - omunye izakhiwo laseMoscow kufakwe UNESCO uhlu.

Isikhumbuzo ukuze Minin futhi Pozharsky

Red Square e Moscow, ubukhulu (isithombe ekhasini, uqinisekise ukuthi) mkhulu ngempela. Futhi ezikhangayo lapha eziningi ngempela. Eceleni Cathedral St Basil sika isikhumbuzo Minin futhi Pozharsky. Yaqalwa ngonyaka ka 1818 e khona inani elikhulu kubantu futhi uMbusi yena. Umfuziselo lesikhumbuzo elaklanywa umqophi Ivan itilosi. Ekuqaleni, iqembu setha enhliziyweni Red Square, okuphambene ushingamu yesimanje. Ukuze Cathedral Vasiliya Blazhennogo ke washukumiseleka kuphela ngo-1931. Lesi sinqumo sathathwa uHulumeni waseSoviet ngokuqondene yokuthi iqembu uvinjelwe mbukiso.

UMnyango Isitolo State

Lesi sakhiwo wavula ngo gum ku Red Square e 1893. Ekuqaleni, kwakwaziwa enhlokodolobha yase Upper Ukuhweba Imigqa. Le projekthi grand ngesikhathi zezakhiwo isitayela mbumbulu Russian elaklanywa umakhi A. N. Pomerantsev. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet isakhiwo baby kufanele ukuba ngisithwale. Kodwa, ngenhlanhla, akwenzekanga. Ngo-1953, i-State Department Store wavulwa lapha. Ngo-1992 kwathiwa ezizimele. Nokho, igama gum ngesikhathi esifanayo walondoloza kuye.

UMbuso Historical Museum

Red Square e Moscow, izilinganiso kukhona yokuthi uhlangothi (dlala) sake wakwazi ukubeka esinye isakhiwo esikhulu nabadumile kakhulu - Gim. Izinga ukuchayeka lokhu eziyinkimbinkimbi iyamangalisa ngempela. Amakhasimende unekhono ukubuka ziphephile, ichonywe 39 amakamelo esisogwini sesibili. Museum inikeza umlando Russia kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo ziphethe kwekhulu lama-20. Ukwakhiwa isakhiwo wawuqala 1875 kuya 1881. Ukuze izivakashi izicabha zalo, lokhu Museum wavula ngo-1883,

Mausoleum ka Lenin

Le ndawo eyinhloko-dolobha - iyisikhungo ezinkulu zomlando hhayi kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona impela yamathuna enkulu. Kwakheka kwakungeyona kudala - e kwamaSoviet. Ngaleyo minyaka kwakukhona urns isiko walling ngomlotha osopolitiki abadumile odongeni Kremlin. ukuboniswa Okokuqala umngcwabo ngemibono wakhe wawenziwa ngo-Red Square ngo-1917. Khona-ke udonga benendawo zokugcina yokuphumula, amaBolshevik babulawa ngesikhathi izenzakalo wamavukelambuso eMoscow. Ngo-1919, lapho bangcwatshwa izisulu zokuhlaselwa amaphekula Sverdlov futhi M. Zagorski.

Futhi-ke, ingxenye ebalulekile kakhulu yamathuna we ezibiyele iyona Mausoleum wabo. Lenin, okuyinto cishe mbhoshongo waseGibhithe nge mummy "UFaro" ngaphakathi. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, kulendlu encane ezinkulungwane abantu bathuthelekela bezobona "Munye onguMholi Omkhulu." Red Square, ubukhulu, njengoba sesibonile, omkhulu kakhulu. Ubude umugqa onganikeza ngalé kwemingcele yayo. Abantu abafisa ukubona Lenin, zilindele kulo mzuzwana amahora ambalwa, kusale ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela aphumula ngosuku lwayo amabhentshi utshani kwi-Alexander Garden.

I Mausoleum lakhiwa ngo-1930 ngokhonkolo njalo nakakhulu. Ngo-1945-ke baye bakha nesigcawu nabezombusazwe. Okwamanje, isakhiwo ukuvula emphakathini katsatfu ngeliviki.

iKazan Cathedral

Lesi sakhiwo omangalisayo itholakala ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo Red Square St Nicholas Street. Ngo 1625, ukuze ugubhe iSikhumbuzo ukunqoba laba bahlaseli Polish-Lithuanian, lapha Yakhiwa Church of Kazan. Kodwa ngeshwa, eminyakeni embalwa kamuva - ku 1634 isakhiwo sokhuni kubhujiswe ngomlilo. Ngemva kwalokho, kwanqunywa ukuba yokwakha isonto elisha, kulokhu itshe. Ngemva esontweni Revolution Kazan ubhujiswe. Ngo-1993, isonto wabuyiselwa ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni.

indawo ngokubulawa

Red Square, amasayizi mikhulu, futhi has a ehlukene zomlando okuyingxenye, ngokuthi Calvary. Itholakala ohlangothini lwaseningizimu futhi ngokuyiphutha kubhekwe indawo umuntu wayebulawa. Eqinisweni, le ngxenye indawo Russian bekulokhu saint njalo. Kwakube empeleni kwenziwe, kodwa kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile. Ngokuvamile eKalvari nje benanela zonke izinhlobo izimiso bobukhosi, yamemezela ukuqokwa Umbhishobhi, wenza ukuya izikhangiso impi nokunye. D.

Phakathi nemikhosi engokwenkolo emhlabeni kule ngxenye Red Square udwendwe zenkolo. Ubani yethulwa isiko emikhulu imicimbi yezenhlalo yenkolo kule ndawo ayikho indlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile. Ososayensi kuphela amaqiniso ukuthi kuyakhulunywa zemihla kusukela 1549.

Spasskaya umbhoshongo

Lokhu ukwakhiwa, nakuba empeleni lisho Red Square, ukubukeka yezakhiwo endaweni edlala indima ebalulekile. Spassky umbhoshongo lakhiwa 1491 by wezakhiwo Italian solari. Isango elise ezansi, kukhona ezibiyele main. Ekhulwini zokugcina (usayizi Red Square bekulokhu elikhulu kunalokho eMoscow) siqhutshwa zonke izinhlobo imikhawulo. Ngokwesibonelo, amadoda ayikwazanga udabula Gate Spassky egqoke umnqwazo. Futhi akuvumelekile kudlulele ngalé kwawo ngehhashi.

I Spassky Tower zitholakala eyaziwa kahle kubo bonke chime, ngokwesiko kubhekwe iwuphawu uNcibijane. I amawashi bokuqala efakwe phezulu kulendlu ngekhulu le-16. Chime kuhlobisa umbhoshongo namuhla, akhiqizwa 1852. Ngo-1917, ngesikhathi izenzakalo Yokuvukela amahora ushayiswe igobolondo. Zabuyiselwa ngemva konyaka. Kusukela ngo-1937, lesi sitshalo Chime ngosizo izindlela ezikhethekile kagesi.

Red Square e Moscow Usayizi besiza

Ngakho, ubude ububanzi bendawo elibomvu lapho ukubeka omningi isithakazelo, - 330 kuya ku-70 m, ngokulandelana. Lokhu icebo likhulu kakhulu, futhi ngakho-ke ngokuvamile hhayi kulinganiswa ngamamitha futhi besiza.

Ngakho-ke yini usayizi Red Square e Moscow, ha? Imingcele komlando sibalo futhi ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi - 4.6 amahektha. Esisogwini ububanzi umngcele - kusukela the Kremlin odongeni kuya gum, nobude - endaweni ngokubulawa eSangweni UNicholas.

Ngakho, manje uyazi ukuthi ubukhulu Red Square ngamamitha futhi amahektha. Le ndawo ngempela ebalulekile kakhulu ezweni lethu futhi, yebo, kakhulu. Vakashela futhi bafunde okuningi ngomlando Russia Yiqiniso, kufanele kube zonke izivakashi.