Pseudo-Russian isitayela, izici zalo ehlukile futhi izici

isitayela Pseudo-Russian kuyibika yezakhiwo eRussia 19-20 eminyaka. Izakhi oqavile nazi emasikweni izakhiwo kanye Folk art. Kuhlanganisa sub-amaqembu amaningana, kuhlanganise isiqondiso Russian-zaseByzantium neo-Russian.

Isitayela mbumbulu Russian has a lot of izakhi lathathwa izakhiwo European namasiko. Singasho ukuthi kukhona kuphela Motifs kwezobuciko kazwelonke. Yingakho isitayela unegama.

ukuvela

Phakathi nekhulu le-19, lapho kuqalwa fashion izisusa kazwelonke kanye Yiqiniso, abaculi abaningi futhi abaklami Russia enquma ukudala ezinye "Fusion" we abantu amafomu ubudala, kodwa ngaphandle umhlatshelo yesimanje (leso sikhathi) kwentuthuko. Ngakho kukhona isitayela mbumbulu Russian. Kuhloswe ukuba avuselele Folk art Russia ukuyisebenzisa hhayi kuphela amathoyizi encane, noma imisebenzi izikebhe, ezifana ifenisha, kodwa futhi emisebenzini emikhulu.

Eqinisweni, isitayela mbumbulu Russian njengoba enjalo ayikho. Leli gama ngaphandle kokubonisana nomkayo. Sihlanganisa eziningi Amathrendi, ngezinye izikhathi ngezisusa engqubuzanayo. Ngakho namuhla kukhona ukudideka, lapho abakhi sihlanganise ezimbili ezihlukene ngokuphelele esifika, imigqa kanye lokubhalela esakhiweni isitayela mbumbulu Russian.

Umehluko ebaluleke kakhulu itholakala isitayela. isitayela Pseudo-Russian nezimo ukuze zingahlanganiswa nezinye izitayela lathumela, kuhlanganise Art Nouveau futhi romanticism.

ukuthuthukiswa

isitayela Pseudo-Russian kuhlanganisa Amathrendi eziningana. Bavele njengoba eba:

1. Russian-WaseByzantium. Kwavela 1830s, lesi sitayela is kugcwele ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo yenkolo yobuKristu (LikaKristu UMsindisi Cathedral, Ascension Cathedral, Grand ezibiyele Palace).
2. Romanticism kanye Slavophilism. Eqinisweni, isitayela, esasivela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi sangaphambilini, ayinakho igama. Kodwa Athinteka efakwe ohlwini Amathrendi yezakhiwo. Isibonelo esiyinhloko salokhu Pogodinskaya eqhugwaneni.
3. Ropetovschina. I isiqondiso ivela 1870s, kuba oversaturated ongumlimi Folk isiko kanye izakhiwo (Terem, Ukuphrinta Mammoth). Kungenxa okwandile ngenxa ukukhuthazwa umhlaziyi owaziwa Stasov.
4. Esemthethweni. Bellied amakholomu akudala nge umhlobiso kazwelonke, Uphahla lwangaphakathi ongaphakeme ngesimo nemengamo - zonke lezi zimfanelo isiqondiso. Iphinde wayemthanda amasiko kanye zamasiko. Izibonelo - Upper Ukuhweba Imigqa, kwakhiwe Historical Museum.
5. Neo-Russian. Ubonakala ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Architects bathambekele lula omkhulukazi, ngakho ukuhlanganisa tincenye izikhumbuzo lasendulo kanye namasiko bokwakha enyakatho. Abantu abaningi bayazi ukufana ne-yesimanje (Church of Msindisi wethu).

Muva nje, izazi-mlando eziye uhlukane isitayela neo isiRashiya mbumbulu nokuliphatha njengelibalulekile i Amathrendi ezimele yezakhiwo. Kodwa kwakukhona nalabo kubenza babe munye. Buildings isitayela mbumbulu Russian zisakazwa kulo lonke izwe, kuhlanganise zindawo ezikude kakhulu ke.

Izici yokubukeka

Njengoba kwelinye izwe, laseRussia belilokhu zokweboleka isikhathi. izisusa inkambo ehlukile ufunde owayevela eYurophu, uthi Eastern kanye West. Futhi isikhathi sesifikile yokuntuleka izakhi kazwelonke. Ngakho-ke, isitayela mbumbulu Russian eRussia, kanye ukubukeka kwaso, kungenziwa njengento engokwemvelo.

Izici izitayela lathumela kukhona ngezindlela eziningi. Nokunqoba imibala - beige, ezimhlophe futhi zibomvu.

Kungaphawulwa futhi ikhono uhlangane isitayela. Kube mahluko kungacacile. It zingahlanganiswa kalula nezinye izitayela eziningi ezifana Gothic, noma mbumbulu yesimanjemanje.

izici isici

Pseudo-Russian isitayela bokwakha has kwehlukana kwaso, ngalo kuchazwa. izici Isici kungabonakala etafuleni.

Livame ukusetshenziswa ekwakheni umhlobiso ophahleni ngesimo ukuphotha cockerel noma ifulege.

izakhiwo amaningi aseRussia ezisekhona kuze kube sezikhathini zanamuhla, Tindlelanchubo incazelo kanye izici isitayela mbumbulu Russian.

isiphetho

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-20 isitayela kwekhulu mbumbulu Russian nenduku ukwakhiwa abafanele kancane ekuqaleni ukushabalala. I mbumbulu zezakhiwo eziningi nazo zonke yayinemibhoshongo ngemuva nangaphambili, ophahleni okusezingeni eliphezulu, amafasitela encane evame stop izakhiwo yezakhiwo kanye izindawo zokuphatha.

Ngokwesibonelo, ihholo elikhulu e Duma, yakha phakathi nokubusa isiqondiso kakade lakhiwa usebenzisa impumelelo entsha bokwakha futhi ubuchwepheshe (ukusetshenziswa imishini, imishini emikhulu). Izidingo izakhiwo zesimanje angahlangabezani isitayela mbumbulu Russian. Destination izakhiwo olusha. A isitayela kunezimpande esikhathini esidlule, eshiya eningi izikhumbuzo kanye nezakhiwo esiyingqayizivele.