UTeodor Zheriko "Raft we" Medusa "": Umlando, incazelo, ukuhlaziywa

Sisuka classicism, lapho yonke imininingwane iqinisekisiwe, entsha wadala eFree Romanticism French e temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba futhi izinkondlo, in umdwebo, sici for umculi osemusha, ngubani eduze ngohlaka kahle ichazwe. Ngakho-ke bhala Gericault "Raft" Medusa "."

Life Teodora Zheriko

Umdwebi wazalwa ngo Rouen ngo-1791. Umndeni wakhe wayenothile, kodwa wathatha usana ekuseni endlini isivakashi, lapho aqeqeshwa. A passion for Umdwebo kuyinto amahhashi wayiyisa uthisha Claude Vernet ke Pierre Guérin. Kodwa lezi 'othisha zazizinhle J. ngaye, David L. noJ A. Grau. Wakhulela e-isikhathi lapho France yayigcwele ithemba lapho imizwa yokushisekela izwe futhi ke okukhulu ngobuqotho awusibekela abantu. Akukho muntu ongasho ukuthi yonke le minyaka kusukela Omkhulu French Revolution, ngaphambi ukwamukelwa yombuso sikaNapoleon futhi behluliwe impi yayo nge Russia, babe ungaphazamisekile. Zonke kwale mizwa, izinkanuko eqinile, uyayaluza lonke lelo zwe, ithathe uTheodore abasha, oyobe-ke eyisebenzisa ukudwetshwa yakhe. I yesiteleka kakhulu futhi ephazamisayo ukuthi wayeyoba ukubhala Géricault - "." "I Raft" Medusa Umdwebo lokuqala akudalile e 1812, ngokuqinisekile ngeke kube khona ihhashi. Kodwa, naphezu ukuthi uzothatha indondo yegolide, wathola lo msebenzi, uhulumeni akazange uyithenga. Nokho, umculi osemusha abazange badikibale, ubhala abuye abhale abawuthandayo amahhashi. Isithombe Géricault "Raft" Medusa "" izokwakhiwa eminyakeni embalwa.

romanticism

Ngokugcwele kwamiswa isitayela lapho iJeriko ayisekho abahlala maphakathi 50s kwekhulu le-19. Romanticism wayegxilile ngokuphelele okwamanje. Kuyini sempilo yalelozwe romantic? Okokuqala, kwakheka umqondo wenkululeko, okungaba inkulumo eside, futhi ukuhlukumeza eyisisekelo zonke imithetho, kuhlanganise ezingeni sobuhle bayo. sobuhle bayo zothando uthi isigaba sublime, okuyinto nolimi kusukela imiqondo ongaqondakali nelesabekayo ( "I Raft" Medusa "," uTeodor Zheriko). Isazi sefilosofi Edmund Burg wagomela ukuthi isigaba ngokubabazekayo ngempela ezihambisana ngokwesaba. Esinye isazi sefilosofi, waveza ukuthi uma imiphefumulo yabantu bese igcinwa ezinye amandla, bese kuphela amashwa entsha kungaba ngibakhiphe ukucobeka. Ngokuba ukuthuthukiswa lolu isazela entsha yobuhle wangena ngokudweba "I Raft" Medusa "" uTeodor Zheriko.

nenhlekelele

Uzungu kusekelwe naleyo nhlekelele yangempela. Ngasogwini Senegal iyahlupheka, ohlezi phezu eshalofini, wokugoqa wezempi umkhumbi enezinsika ezintathu "Medusa". Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1816. Kwakubonakala sengathi into ekhethekile kufanele kwenzekeni: umkhumbi isikebhe uzokwenza izindiza ezimbili, futhi kuzosusa bonke abagibeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwanqunywa ukuba kwakhiwe isihlenga 140 square metres. m Kodwa okungalindelekile kwenzekile :. umoya yanda, futhi frigate uye aqhephukile. Zonke bashaywa uvalo. Ukaputeni ngaphambilini bonke ukuwushiya umkhumbi. Kodwa abantu 17 abebesendizeni futhi namashumi amane abantu abayisikhombisa baye bathuthela le simuke namanzi. Kumelwe ukuba kwaba ukuphuma ku hola izikebhe. Kodwa isimo sezulu hhayi evumayo, elinde isiphepho. I isihlenga yayithonywe kakhulu kakhulu, ukuhambisa ngokuzimela, wahluleka, awuzange ube ukudla namanzi. Abantu ngezikebhe, besaba ukuthi labo esikebheni, kuzoya saya esikebheni futhi usike izindophi ezazisezingalweni liwubophe simuke namanzi. Wonke umuntu owayeseqenjini isikebhe zilondolozwe. Kodwa isihlenga kwakwenzeke esabekayo. Kwakheka iqembu abaphathi bamahhovisi kanye iqembu abagibeli kanye amatilosi amasosha. Ebusuku sokuqala ngqá abantu abangamawaka angamashumi omabini abulawa. Futhi lapho kokuba isiphepho siqalile, nabantu abacindezeleke balwisana ukuhlala maphakathi namanzi. Isithombe Teodora Zheriko "Raft we" Medusa "" likhombisa iphuzu. Ngosuku lwesine kukhona engaphansi kwengxenye abantu, kanti bonke abanye baqala ukudla inyama yomuntu. Imikhiqizo bengamlaleli. Ngemva ezinye izinsuku ezine nanhlanu indoda enamandla kakhulu waphonsa lonke olwandle. Uma lokhu izindaba ezafika ngaso nomphakathi, kwathiwa onyakaziswa okwakwenzeka okwenzeka. Lesi senzakalo ombangela zokuziphatha okubi ukuhlaziywa ukuziphatha induna eyaphunyuka yena, akazange ufisa noma asikwazanga ukusiza umkhumbi.

msebenzi wokulungiselela

On umdwebo omkhulu ngokufaka Gericault "Raft" Medusa "," libhalwe 1818-1819, ngokulandelana, okubonisa abantu abasezikhundleni ezahlukene futhi zisesimweni ezahlukene engqondo. inombolo enkulu imidwebo imidwebo benziwa: olwandle olunesivunguvungu, abantu abasezikhundleni ezahlukene, ehlezi, zilale phansi, futhi emi. Ukuze usebenze njengoba imvelo yasetshenziswa, kuhlanganise emzimbeni iziguli ezibhedlela kanye morgue. Gericault Ingumbazi abenza isihlenga, futhi uyala kuye ikhophi ezincane, sculpts wax izinhlamvu, okuyinto uyoboniswa esithombeni, okuwenza aqondane phezu simuke namanzi. Ngakho waqala umsebenzi on the Umdwebo by Gericault "Raft" Medusa "." Incazelo ababephila ngesikhathi wathi ukuthi ngisho waphucula ikhanda lakhe, hhayi siphume agqashule ekusebenzelaneni umsebenzi.

ngendwangu Gericault

Ukuze zizobonakala zonke izinhlamvu esithombeni bese umbono ogcwele kolwandle, umdwebi wathatha umbono elikuvumela ukuba wenze Ukubuyekeza yonke phezulu. Abantu ku-canvas nje ikhombe umkhumbi futhi ngendlela ehlukile. Gericault edingekayo ukuze adlulisele yonke imizwa, ephethwe abantu bacindezeleke. Othile kutshela, othile uqamba amanga umndondo e prostration ezinye abathuntubezwe ngu nathemba futhi ngalokho akasabeli, othile uzama ngivuselele ukufa futhi iyigcine bangawi le simuke namanzi. I Gericault mdwebo "The Raft" Medusa "," cha static, Linamandla. Phambili kulesi sithombe kunesonto, okubonisa abantu bezama ngivuselele ukufa. On the yesibili - abakholwa insindiso futhi ukuthumela isignali. Compositionally, ke Kuthi bobunjwa lababocalantsatfu ukuthi zisenza sibe umbukeli umuzwa isifiso ukulwa and win. Kodwa umoya athwala isihlenga lomkhumbi wokutakula. Futhi uma ungabona-ke? Imibala esithombeni ngezansi belusizi futhi emnyama ngendwangu, kodwa Kuyanda umkhathizwe, ukugcwalisa umphefumulo ngethemba. Sam isihlenga cishe usemahlombe ifreyimu yesithombe. Kwenza ukubukela abahlanganyeli ezenzeka cishe nhlekelele. Okuphansi amafu amnyama ukuthuthukisa angabhekani nosizi lokukhulelwa isimo. A elikhulu amagagasi olwandle zilungele basuse abantu kusukela simuke namanzi. Alternately, ithemba, ukuphelelwa yithemba okubangelwa nilidle begcwele isihlenga "Medusa". Gericault (incazelo nesithombe) iba seduze futhi aqondakale ubani ubuka ku ngendwangu, kudala amathekhiniki zakudala lomsebenzi, kodwa egcwele sobuhle bayo romantic.

ukufa Early

UTeodor Zheriko ushone eneminyaka engu-33 ubudala, falling sishaywe nge yokulimala ihhashi futhi wathola aluhambisani nawo ekuphileni. Kuphela ngemva kokufa kwakhe kwalinganiselwa emisha iphethini, futhi bekubonakala oluthathwa esigabeni Romanticism.