Kuyini ukukhanya kokukhanya futhi kungani kubalulekile?

Ukuqina kokukhanya (kokubili ukukhanya kwelanga nokufakelwa) kungahluka kakhulu, futhi kubukeka ukuthi asikwazi ukucacisa izinga lokukhanyisa, ngoba iso lomuntu linelungelo lokuzivumelanisa nokukhanya okuhlukile. Okwamanje, ukukhanya kokukhanya kubaluleke kakhulu kwimisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Isibonelo, ungathatha inqubo yefilimu noma ividiyo, futhi, ngokwesibonelo, ukukhula kwezitshalo zangaphakathi.

Iso lomuntu libona amagagasi alula ane- 380 nm (violet) kuya ku-780 nm (obomvu). Okuhle kunakho konke, sibona amagagasi anebude, hhayi nje ehambisana kakhulu nezitshalo. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokumnandi emehlweni ethu kungase kungabi kufaneleka kwezitshalo ekushiseni okushisa, okungahle kungatholi amagagasi ebalulekile we-photosynthesis.

Ukuqina kokukhanya kubalwa ku-lux. Imini yelanga ekhanyayo phakathi nendawo ephakathi nendawo iyafinyelela ku-100 000 lux, kusihlwa itholakala ku-25 000 lux. Emthunzini omnyama ukubaluleka kwayo yizingxenye eziyishumi zalezi zimiso. Emakamelo, ukukhanya kwelanga kuncane kakhulu, ngoba ukukhanya kubuthakathaka yizihlahla kanye nefasitela lewindi. Ukukhanyisa okugqamile (ewindini eliseningizimu ehlobo nje ngemuva kwe-panes) okungcono kakhulu kungu-3-5 000 lux, phakathi kwekamelo (ngamamitha angu-2-3 ukusuka efasiteleni) - kuphela i-lux ye-500. Lona ukukhanya okungenani okudingekayo ukuze kusinde izitshalo. Ukukhula okujwayelekile ngisho nezitshalo ezibekezelayo ezimthunzini zidinga okungenani 800 lux.

Asikwazi ukucacisa ukukhanya kokukhanya ngeso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kunedivayisi, ogama layo - i-luxmeter. Ekuthengeni kwalo kuyadingeka ukucacisa uhla lwamagagasi alinganiswa nalo, tk. Amathuba wedivaysi, nakuba avulekile kunamakhono ebuso lomuntu, akanciphiswanga.

Ukuqina kokukhanya nakho kungalinganiswa nekhamera noma i-photoexponometer. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukulungiswa kabusha kwamagumbi atholakele kuma-suites. Ukufeza isilinganiselo, faka iphepha elimhlophe endaweni yokulinganisa bese ukhomba ikhamera kulo, ozwela lwakhe lubekwe ku-100 nokuvula ukuya ku-4. Ngemuva kokunquma isivinini se-shutter, i-denominator yayo kufanele ilandiswe ngu-10, inani elizovela lizohambelana nalokho kuma-suites. Isibonelo, uma ukuvezwa kungama-1/60 sec. Ukukhanyisa kungu-600 lux.

Uma uthanda ukuzala izimbali nokuzinakekela, ke-ke, uyazi ukuthi amandla okukhanya kubalulekile ezitshalweni ze-photosynthesis evamile. Ukukhanya kuthinta izinga lokukhula, isiqondiso, ukuthuthukiswa kwembali, ubukhulu nokuma kwamaqabunga ayo. Njengoba ukukhanya okuncane kwehlisa, zonke izinqubo ezibalulekile zokuphila ezitshalweni ziyancipha. Inani lixhomeke ekutheni umthombo wokukhanya ususwe kangakanani, kusukela ekugqibeleni okubhekene nefasitela, kusukela ekungeniweni kwezihlahla zomgwaqo, kusukela ebukhoneni bamakhethini noma ezimpumputhe. Ukukhanyisa igumbi, ukukhula kwezitshalo futhi kudingekile ukuthi badinga amanzi, ukushisa kanye namanyolo. Uma izitshalo zikhula emthunzini, khona-ke zidinga ukunakekelwa okuncane.

Lapho ukudubula i-movie noma uhlelo lwethelevishini, ukukhanyisa kubaluleke kakhulu. Isithombe sekhwalithi eliphezulu singenzeka ngokukhanya kwe-1000 lux, okutholakala ku-studio yethelevishini ngosizo lwezibani ezikhethekile. Kodwa ikhwalithi yesithombe esamukelekayo ingatholakala ngisho nangokukhanya okuncane.

Ukuqina kokukhanyisa ku-studio ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokudubula kulinganiswa ngokusebenzisa amamitha atholakalayo noma abaqaphi bombala abaphezulu abaxhuma ku-camcorder. Ngaphambi kokudubula, kungcono ukuhambahamba ngemitha yokuchayeka kulo lonke isethi ukucacisa ukuthi ngabe indawo yenziwe mnyama noma ikhululekile ukugwema izenzakalo ezimbi uma ubuka izithombe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulungiswa okulungile kokukhanyisa kungaholela ekuboniseni okungeziwe kwendawo eqoshiwe kanye nemiphumela yomqondisi oyifunayo.