Kusetshenziswa isimiso sokunisela ngenkasa - awumthombo wamanzi kuzindima. ngenkasa

Kwezolimo, ungathembela izimvula, futhi enethemba lokuthi isivuno esihle, futhi iminyaka ezinjalo zenzeka ngempela. Nokho, ezimweni eziningi, ezinyangeni lomisile ehlobo angase akwenze ize konke imizamo yabalimi, ngakho lokhu kuba nesidingo kusetshenziswa isimiso sokunisela ngenkasa. Kuyinto legumbi ukutshalwa ngempumelelo ukudla: okusanhlamvu, imifino, izithelo. ngiyabonga kuphela yokunisela ngenkasa ngamanzi yokufakelwa, izindawo eziningi kuphela kunemibandela efanelekayo wezolimo, seziye zaphenduka izingadi aluhlaza. Irrigation has izici zaso ezicashile kanye ezicashile, futhi kufanele uqonde.

Kuyini ngenkasa

Ngu uqobo, ngenkasa iyingxenye isayensi emikhulu, umhlaba sokufunwa, ie ukuguqulwa komhlaba ngendlela engcono kakhulu. I sokufunwa kuhlanganisa kokubili ezingamaxhaphozi nkinga futhi inqubo reverse - ukuchelela. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, uhlelo ngenkasa - a eziyinkimbinkimbi izakhiwo kanye nezindlela evumela ukuletha amanzi kule ndawo ukuthi ngokuphuthumayo udinga ukuthambisa ezengeziwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenkasa ngokuthi uhla eligcwele imisebenzi esakhelwe ukuletha amanzi ukunisela nganoma iyiphi indawo lapho kudingeka, kungakhathaliseki izindlela - kusuka izikhungo emadanyini iziteshi phambi oqeda komhlaba ebusweni. Isintu siye sadinga njalo emanzini, ngakho lokhu ilungelo kusetshenziswa isimiso sokunisela ngenkasa. Ukunqunywa kulokhu ngamafuphi kakhulu - noma yiluphi uhlelo evumela ukuthi wena ukuletha amanzi ukunisela, ngenkasa angabhekwa.

Evolution of uchelela izinhlelo

Indlela bakudala kakhulu ukuthambisa kuyinto umsebenzi wezandla ngaphandle imishini. Okusho ukuthi, uma amanzi izitsha ilethwa emthonjeni zemvelo. Naphezu ukuthuthukiswa yokucabanga lobuchwepheshe, le ndlela yokubala isasetshenziswa, hhayi kuphela kumazwe asathuthuka of Africa - Abalimi abaningi ezweni lethu zisathwala amabhakede amanzi ukuze aphuzise imibhede. Lo msebenzi nge kahle eliphansi kakhulu, ngakho abantu njalo wafuna imishini inqubo. Kwakukhona zonke izinhlobo ngenkasa izindawo, ngenkasa ngaseziseleni kusukela Central kuya imisele yamanzi nezindawo eziyisikhumbuzo saseRoma, okwakumnika namanje mangaza ubuchwepheshe kwakhe okuphambili.

Ukuthunyelwa amanzi amandla adonsela phansi kwakungenakwenzeka yonke indawo, futhi ngokushesha ayelapho windmills futhi watermills, okuyinto abakwazi kuphela ugaye okusanhlamvu, kodwa futhi ukukhulisa ukugeleza kwamanzi naphezu yesisindo ngqo - phezulu. Okwamanje, ukusetshenziswa amaphampu kanye namapayipi kungenzeka ukunciphisa Ukungenela komuntu esiphansi, ngoba isimiso sokunisela ngenkasa yesimanje - ngokuyinhloko inqubo ezishintshayo.

ukuchelela phezu kwenhlabathi

Kusengenzeka ethandwa, kodwa kuyingozi futhi uhlobo eziwubuwula ngenkasa - kuyinto ukuchelela phezu kwenhlabathi. Uma amanzi Kwenziwa enkundleni ku komhlaba, emiseleni, ube nemigodi ngemigodi neziteshi, kakhulu okwandisa ukuhwamuka. It is hhayi wawususa ezinye izenzakalo ezimbi.

elula isimiso sokunisela ngenkasa isetshenziselwa ukuchelela phezu kwenhlabathi. Lokhu kuhamba-ngokusebenzisa kudoti, inkatho, kulo amanzi iqondiswa esiteshini central noma omunye umthombo. Futhi, ukuze glaze ebusweni kungenziwa cishe oluthathwa LIMA indlela wokunisela lapho amanzi ibambezeleke izikhala eziyize igudle Isifaniso ngamanzi izimfunda.

Sprinkler

Kuyinto kakhudlwana zemvelo we isimiso sokunisela ngenkasa, olusebenzisa Sprinkler. Amanzi aphuma eziteshini wabeka kanye emkhakheni liphuma ohlelweni Sprinkler, okuyinto ke dissipates umswakama, simulating imvula. Eqinisweni, it is ukuhamba kanye umsele futha enkulu nge eside uhlelo ijabulise kumiswa namafu amanzi.

Kuqhathaniswa ebusweni ukuthambisa, ngenkasa isikimu enjalo blurs ngaphansi kwenhlabathi uyazonga kokwehla ikhuthaza ogelezayo nokumanzisa umfaniswano inhlabathi ukujula oyifunayo. I yokuntula zalesi simiso zibandakanya enkulu ukugeleza kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa ukuhwamuka.

drip irrigation eyenzeka

Ngesikhathi lapho kubalulekile ukuze ulondoloze amanzi, kodwa kukhona isidingo esiphuthumayo sikhule ukudla, ukonga ngaphezulu nababonelelayo uhlelo drip irrigation eyenzeka. I engavamile se drip irrigation eyenzeka ukuthi amanzi kuthululwe ebusweni. Bangaphinde ngingekho ngokuphelele ezivela emithonjeni elalivuliwe.

amathonsi amanzi Kondliwa ukuvuleka e-ukuchelela emikhonweni ekhethekile owabeka unomphela kanye imigqa zezitshalo. Ngakho kungenzeka ukuba uthele ngokuqinile labo izitshalo ezidinga ukunakwa. Aisles cishe ezomile. Lezi izinhlelo ngenkasa ngokuvamile anemisila izinhlelo othomathikhi, kuhlanganise ngenkasa ngesikhathi esithize futhi ukhubaze ezingadingekile.

impande ukuthambisa

Enye indlela ezithakazelisayo ukunikeza izitshalo umswakama - iyona ukuthambisa impande, lapho lithwalwa ukugeleza kwamanzi akuyona emhlabathini, futhi ushona, cishe ngaleso izimpande. Ngokwemibandela angabhekwa imisebenzi ngenkasa hilar elihlobene ne ukuvelela ezingeni komhlaba, izitshalo ukuthola umswakama kuphela izimfuneko indawo. I zenyathi ababili bengaboni ngaso linye okukhulu: kubekwa amapayipi olukhulu asifanele uma ufuna nokunisela amasimu endaweni enkulu. Kodwa ukhulisa izinga komhlaba esihle futhi ungavala endaweni ngokulinganisela eyomile ku isivuno somhlaba.

imiphumela emihle nemibi wokunisela

Ngeshwa, ngenkasa akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi izici ezinhle, kodwa ezinye libangele imiphumela engathi sina kakhulu isimo emhlabathini, ukuchelela sokungacabangi ngakho ngenxa ungakwazi kuphela ubuhlungu. Ukusetshenziswa komhlaba kufanele kubhekwe esikhathini eside, ngangokunokwenzeka igcine futhi yenze ngcono nenhlabathi wezolimo, kuyokunikeza isisekelo esihle sesikhathi esizayo. Pho-ke, ngenkasa emasimini evamile ungakulimaza?

Ngokushesha kuwufanele kokukhuluma izikhathi ezinhle. Lokho ngenkasa ivumela kakhulu ukunweba indawo efanelekayo kakhulu yokutshala izimila. Izwe liya liba ukudla okuningi, futhi kungcono ecaleni ezinhle wokunisela.

Ngu imiphumela efanayo ezingezinhle zihlanganisa izinto ezifana ngenkasa ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi futhi salinization okusheshayo, futhi akuwona Akukona ukumethusa ngenyoka efile. Yingakho izazi njalo ukuhlola izindlela wokunisela imininingwane umonakalo kungenzeka kube kuncane. Lokhu kufanele kubandakanye imali budedengu ezingabangela ukungatholi amanzi ahlanzekile, kwezinye izindawo ezingaphezu kuka nokumosha. Surface ukuthambisa, kuqhathaniswa iconsa at ukulahlekelwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngesikhathi esifanayo yena ngokushesha okukhulu kuholela ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi futhi amandla awo. Uma Nokho, ezolimo, abalimi kanye nezinkampani wezolimo zingahlukumezi umquba zamakhemikhali, okunikeza yokwanda esifushane ezithela, le usawoti uba ijubane inhlekelele.

Ekuthuthukiseni izindlela ezintsha ngenkasa - kungcono investimenti esikhathini esizayo. Isintu siye sakhombisa inqubekela phambili ebonakalayo kule ndaba, kodwa ngokuqinisekile ngeke okwamanje esetshenziswa wonke amathuba. It uhlala esethemba ukuthi okuzingela ezolimo zazingavumi kahle futhi bengenalo ngenkasa, manje noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi into yesikhathi esidlule.