Kanjani a Transistor?

Yake yabizwa ngokuthi i umsakazo Transistor, kepha thina singabafundi ku-athikili yethu uya emsakazweni. Ngakho-ke yini kuwo Transistor ukuthini futhi kusebenza kanjani.

Kukhona isigaba ngezinto zokwakha zezinga eliphezulu izakhiwo zabo okuthiwa Semiconductors. I lolwehlukanisa kuyinto conductivity zabo - kungaba wokuba umbhidisi kagesi, futhi dielectrics, isb insulators nama musa ukuqhuba ugesi.

Nangu ezisetshenziswa ukwenza Transistor - idivayisi Semiconductor, okuyinto kabanzi embonini nasekukhonzeni ngesisekelo cishe yonke electronics yesimanje.

Ngaphandle ngokuthinta ubuchwepheshe yokukhiqiza, Transistor izinhlobo, isicelo sabo, nje wazi ukuthi kukhona izinhlobo ezahlukene transistors, isib, npn Transistor. Leli gama wanikezwa ngenxa ezisetshenziswa futhi uhlobo conduction. Okuye wathi phambi kwanele ukuya ubuchwepheshe ukukhiqizwa futhi ezihlukahlukene transistors abayi.

Kanjani a Transistor? It yakhelwe ukulawula kagesi, ikhipha eyenziwe metal noma plastic izindlu kanye has ezikhumulweni ezintathu, ngokuthi emitter, isizinda, ngalendoda. Njengoba ukwaziwa kwaleli gama lithi, okwatholakala isivumelwano sabo sokuhlangana: emitter likhipha ama-electron, abo Izilawuli isizinda, ngalendoda Iqoqa kubo. Zonke lezi zinqubo zenzeke ngaphakathi Transistor.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi i-Transistor, cabangela isibonelo lula kakhulu - thinta.

Ubuye ezikhumulweni ezintathu - eyodwa ngesikhathi e notshwala ompompi, ehlukile wathela kusukela empompini, kuyinto valve lwesithathu olawula ukusebenza kwe-crane. Lapho umphini ivulekile, amanzi ugeleza ngokukhululekile ngokusebenzisa valve lapho valve ivaliwe, amanzi hhayi ogeleza. Lena belingisa okukodwa kokukhethwa kukho we Transistor isebenza kanjani. Le modi wokusebenza libizwa eliyinhloko - Transistor wavula - egeleza kagesi, noma ivaliwe, bese wamanje ingahambi. Ukuvula kumila Transistor is nginomdlandla lapho voltage okungukuthi, Transistor ivuliwe, uma kungenjalo, khona-ke ivaliwe. Konke kwenzeka njengoba e le isikulufu esiqiniselwe ekugcineni kwethumbu, valve ivuliwe - notshwala amanzi, valve ivaliwe - manzi.

Ngenhla ke ayebhekwa Transistor uma isetshenziswa njengoba ukhiye, noma ivaliwe noma evulekile. Nokho, kunezinye izindlela wokusebenza. Nalapha e Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga empompini. Uma kancane kancane ukuvula valve, amanzi kampompi ayogeleza ngokuqhubekayo futhi ingcindezi amanzi izonqunywa kangakanani savula empompini.

Mayelana ukusebenza efanayo lapho Transistor. Ngezinye kwesisekelo salo uthola voltage, ivula, futhi ngalo elamanje. Ngu obuhlukahlukene ubukhulu voltage phezu isizinda zingalawulwa nenani lamanje egeleza ngokusebenzisa Transistor. Qedela Isifaniso nge isikhundla valve phezu isikulufu esiqiniselwe ekugcineni kwethumbu ezingaphezu kuka ivuliwe - notshwala ngaphezulu amanzi (isb, a samanje Transistor); ngaphansi evulekile - amanzi kancane ogeleza (samanje Transistor). Lokhu Transistor ibizwa ngokuthi i-operation yokukhulisa izwi uma usebenzisa voltage encane isetshenziswa base zingalawulwa zamanje abalulekile, ichibi esikhiphekayo.

Ekuphetheni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi transistors kungenzeka ezinhlobo ezahlukene, konke ukuthola ukuthi ezisetshenziswa yokukhiqiza. Zingase zihluke ngokwesikhundla, ungaphatha idlule ukugeleza eningi kagesi. I transistors kungenzeka isicelo ezahlukene design. Kukhona ezinye izindlela transistors ukuthi zihlukile kuxoxwa. Kodwa umqondo eyisisekelo indlela Transistor kunikezwa ngenhla.

Konke kade, kodwa namanje kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba baqonde ukusebenza kwe-Transistor. Empeleni, i-Transistor kunzima kakhulu kangakanani. Kunezinye izilungiselelo ekhethekile, okuyinto ungasebenzisa amafomula ukubala bese usetha mode oyifunayo, kodwa lokho ngesihloko for ingxoxo esinye isihloko.