Izinhlobo zezinhlamvu zezikhali ezibushelelezi nezibhamu

Imiklamo kanye nezinhlobo amachashazi abe okunhlobonhlobo ongakhetha. Linikeza ukunqotshwa onokwethenjelwa noma yini evela esilwaneni okuqondene abazingeli ngendlela evamile ngoba ibanga. Amafomu ichashazi izimfanelo ekuhlatshweni ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka izici zabo kwesakhiwo. Okokuqala, lisho division zibe izingxenye ezimbili ukungalingani kakhulu: inhlamvu ezincane kukhona neekspansivnye, futhi mkhulu - Lubanzi. Okokuqala ngaphandle ukusonteka umonakalo lapho hit, kanti eyesibili - kokushintsha isimo, ukushintsha ubukhulu zazo ngaleyo ndlela zibangele ekubhujisweni ebulalayo umzimba isilwane.

design

Zonke izinhlobo yesimanje inhlamvu zikleliswe mayelana okufanayo: yezingxenye oyinhloko ngamunye - iyona core kanye igobolondo. Igobolondo senziwa ikakhulukazi steel mncane, Nokho, ingasetshenziswa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene ubulukhuni ngisho ithusi noma nickel esiliva. Steel bezinhlamvu cishe njalo plankiruetsya zethusi ukunciphisa ukuhilizisana. Umnyombo kuhlale phambili, okuyinto ziyahlukahluka nobulukhuni. Neekspansivnye izinhlobo zezibhamu enziwe ukushuba igobolondo kusiqinisa kakhulu futhi, ngaphandle kwalokho core umthofu zikhubazekile ujuqu. Ifomu inhlamvu enjalo ingase ibe khona ehlukile - kusukela pointy futhi oyindilinga ekhanda flat. ukubukwa bandise sokuzingela amachashazi zihlukene ngefomu nakakhulu, kodwa uphawu oyisibopho: kumele livulwe igobolondo eyinhloko ikhanda inhlamvu.

Lapho ichashazi hits isilwane, soft contact core kulula ukuxhumana izicubu zomzimba ezithambile, deforming nengaphakathi okuyinto, abhubhise ulwelwesi, kanye deforms inhlamvu, ngenxa ngalo kwandisa kakhulu phambi ingxenye yayo. Ngezinye izikhathi lo msebenzi livele libe nhlonhlo-like cap ekhethekile ihlanganisa igobolondo singene Isigaxa. Kunezinye izindlela ukufeza umsebenzi okwandisa isilonda kweqiniso kusiteshi a osezingeni inhlamvu. Esikhathini isithombe ungabona isakhiwo lapho ekhiqizwa zonke izinhlobo amachashazi ukuze isibhamu. Lokhu ngezansi ehola, ogive ingxenye izindlu inkatho ukuhlanganisa ke, a inkatho elungisa ichashazi emkhonweni, emgodleni - Ukuqhamuka, phambili core isivuno.

Izinhlobo, izinhlobo, izigaba

Design izici ichaze uhlobo nemibandela ichashazi ukusonteka lapho hit, bahlukene zibe izinhlobo, nokuningi igama ethize ngayinye. Kwanele ukubona izinhlu nezinye izincwadi, ukuba bazi ukuthi luhlobo luni ukuzingela amachashazi yizo izinhlobo. Iningi ngokuvamile, sihlanganyela nabo ukuba ashade noma angashadi ezinkulu isigaba. Ngokwesibonelo, iphuzu ezithambile kungenziwa ngokuthi zonke inhlamvu zazo camera okucashile ukufinyelela impahla noma evulekile umnyombo nge enamathela akuphelele.

Ekusebenteni, izinhlobo okuthiwa inhlamvu rifled, lapho ezishaywayo core ne imiphetho igobolondo noma ngaphezu emaphethelweni yakhe ekhanda. imvilophi Avulwe nge izimbotshana ezahlukene nje nengaphakathi noma phakathi kwaso igobolondo abizwa ngokuthi kungaba Lubanzi noma igama. Okulandelayo kuzoxoxwa kanye esachazwa amagama izifinyezo zamanje, qhutshwa kuzinkomba kakhulu, izinhlobo ingebe amachashazi kanye ngezibhamu, amavolovolo futhi pneumatics. Emhlabeni wonke wamukele English izinhlelo German abizwa ezinjalo.

Amafomu ichashazi 12 osezingeni

Kuze kube manje, abazingeli ukunikeza esitolo cartridges nge plastic, iphepha nensimbi liner. Basuke zithwesiwe ongenantuthu futhi black powder. Kukhona 12 izinhlobo zezibhamu osezingeni kunqunywa uhlobo kwenkokhiso, inhlamvu okungukuthi, buckshot noma ingxenyenamba. Isetshenziswa njengesici cartridges ejwayelekile, kanye nomuntu ophethe anda neziqhumane. Ngaphakathi, steel noma ukuhola zingafakwa badutshulwe. Hunting ingebe cartridges abe emikhonweni 89, 76, 70 no-65 ubudala amamilimitha angu. Grapeshot ichashazi efanayo - 76 kuphela, 70 futhi 65. Ukuze yokuzingela Waterfowl, umdlalo encane nezilwane zasendle esetshenziswa ingxenyana inombolo 12 (isigamu milimitha) nesibalo 0000 (amamilimitha angu emihlanu). Chucks nge ingxenyenamba zihlukaniswe izinombolo ubukhulu imishini. Ibanga ibanga unqobe cartridges anda ingcindezi - ezifana "Magnum". Kanye phambili, steel shot livame ukusetshenziswa.

Grapeshot igobolondo kuyadingeka yokuzingela izilwane ezincane, buckshot kungaba anokuhambisana noma cha, futhi ubukhulu ingxenyenamba nalo kunqunywa ubukhulu bayo. Lapha, ukubaluleka ucezu amamilimitha angu engaphezu kwemihlanu. Inhlamvu igobolondo kudingeka ukuzingela elikhulu umdlalo. Izinhlobo amachashazi ukuze izibhamu 12 gauge: round ukuma, kuletha abantu abayimbijana, ngomsila isimame, samanzi (ejabulela ezayo komoya), amaphuzu-ophephela. Ukumaka nezinhlamvu osezingeni 12 Umbhalo oqoshiwe wecala ezahlukene, equkethe incazelo emfushane futhi ulwazi oluyisisekelo phezu igobolondo: Hunting (inhloso), onjani powder, nenkundla osezingeni okuyinto ubude emikhonweni, inombolo ingxenyenamba. Izibalo emkhonweni ingase ivinjelwe noma, uma lo igobolondo yakhelwe ukudayiswa kwi-Russian Federation. Ukuthekelisa imvume kufanele kwenziwe yikhasimende. Kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ukhombise inombolo ingxenyenamba - ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Isilinganiselwa: izinhlobo zezibhamu (isithombe)

Isilinganiso senziwa izivakashi ngesizini odokotela kanye yabazingeli abasemagunyeni, futhi kufika ku-12 kuphela osezingeni amachashazi.

1. Umholi "Glavpatron" (Tula) - oluthembekayo, ezinzile, eliphezulu, okungabizi.
2. Ibe isilandelwa CJSC "Tehkrim" (Izhevsk) - ukhetho olukhulu, eliphezulu.
3. Isinyathelo sesithathu ku sha cartridges "Rus" (Togliatti) - izingxenye yasekhaya okungabizi.
4. Ngo wesine indawo cartridges "ehlathini" (aphinde Tula) - zinhle futhi ifakwe inhlamvu, kanye ingxenyenamba (ngoba ibanga iDemo).
5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazingeli bathi izinga ezinhle izinhlamvu "Magnum", okuyinto zenzelwe ngemali encane amakamelo amakhulu kanye naphakathi isampula kusuka amane kuya amane nane amagremu.

Hit the target inikezwa kungaphazamiseki ngesikhathi ingacaci. Kunconywa izibhamu esindayo. Cartridges asetshenziselwa wosayizi omncane umdlalo - hare impungushe, grouse ihansi. Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu cartridges ethandwa 12 "SCM" osezingeni, esakhiwe ngezinto Abenzi angaphandle kunazo owaziwa. Isebenzisa esezingeni powder. Hunting ngempela ukusho ukuhlanganisa izinombolo game futhi badutshulwa. Ngokwesibonelo, i-grouse emnyama, Ithendele, duck 30-40 amamitha adinga ingxenyenamba yezinombolo yesihlanu, lesithupha noma lesikhombisa. Izibhamu usayizi chambered ka amamilimitha angu-70 zingasebenzisa cartridges "Tahoe" kusukela kushothi yesishiyagalolunye lwesikhombisa nezinombolo yesihlanu.

pneumatics

Izinhlobo amachashazi ukuze airguns aziziningi kangako. Nokho, manje ithengiswe omningi, futhi uhla eligcwele. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu inhlamvu Subsonic - "Diablo", okuyinto efana VOLANCHIK. Uneziqu ikhanda ezinkulu nezincane nokukhiqiza "isiketi", ngenxa lapho iwaphe- inhlamvu futhi kuzole indiza. Friction ngaphakathi umgqomo uphendulela ongaphakeme, okwandisa nekusebenta izingalo womoya. amachashazi asetshenziselwa yamandla aphezulu ngezibhamu, balolonge eduze komlilo, isivinini transonic etholwe futhi Coefficient okusezingeni eliphezulu ballistic. Futhi pneumatics usebenza mkhulu amaholide nokuzijabulisa: ukushaya ichashazi, "zempi" nokunye okunjalo.

Inhlamvu ubukhulu esikhulu Imi kungcono kakhulu ngaphakathi umgqomo, basuke uhlaliseke, cishe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa emoyeni rifling ngemigudu. Basuke eyenzelwe ngezibhamu-HeartnocularsEND_BOLDEND_FONT. Zonke kuncike esiqwini, akhethe ngoba inhlamvu ngayinye. Engaqinile womoya ichashazi esindayo akusho ukuhlakaza, futhi ichashazi nyisele womoya onamandla kweso ukulahlekelwa ijubane noma ukunemba ulahlekelwe ngesivinini leSupersonic. Izinhlobo Pistols amachashazi bengafani isibhamu kuphela lemali. Okokuqala, kuba ichashazi akhanya. Lena noma amabhola 0.35g ngoba izibhamu noma amabhulethi rifled. Heavy-womoya zidinga cartridges ekhethekile, kuyobe sekuba i-kungenzeka yokuzingela ku ungulates. Izinhlobo amachashazi ukuze izibhamu kuzoxoxwa kabanzi ngezansi.

Izibonelo izingalo izinhlamvu

1. Kupfer Teilmantel Flachkopf (KTF) - soft iphuzu inhlamvu nge top flat, igobolondo zethusi core phambili. Ngemva contact nge umthofu dalulwa, isicaba, kancane baphokophelele esikhumbeni, it yandisa, ngenxa lapho inhlamvu iba ezinkudlwana ububanzi. Vimbela futhi ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwalelizwe amachashazi igobolondo mkhulu e uhhafu ongezansi. Patron salokhu amachashazi enamandla kungukuthi ezidingekayo. Isetshenziselwa izingalo kuhlanganiswe.
2. Teilmantel Spitz (TMS) - inhlamvu, iphuzu esithambile futhi, umthofu engavikelekile ekhanda. ichashazi ekhaleni kuqhathaniswa abukhali, kancane babanjwa. Ziyisivikelo knurled ichashazi lihlukana izigaba ezimbili lapho phambi esifushane kuka ngemuva. igobolondo Izacile deforms phambili ezingemuva igobolondo mkhulu we ichashazi uhlala ingashintshiwe. Lokhu kuhle esitolo lapho ngokudubula amabanga amade. I ukusonteka incike Isivinini umthelela.
3. Vollmantel (VM) sikebhe ngokuphelele, ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile it is asibhubhi. Ngalesi amandla esiphezulu afinyelela ekujuleni amachashazi, leli nxeba ngaphandle okuningi umonakalo izicubu. Iyatholakala kokuphakathi esincane izikhali nokuzingela naphakathi umdlalo.
4. D-Mantel (DM) - emuva kabili imvilophu, okungukuthi, inhlamvu action Lubanzi. Ngaphakathi steel, phambi evulekile, ikhanda emongweni mncane ikhefu oyindilinga, kancane kancane odlulayo singene uMbhalo. Inhlamvu nale reverse taper izindlela ukuxhumana izicubu sengathi kucindezelwe ku sikhala, ukubhubhisa phambi isabelo ithola mushroom umumo, futhi ukwanda ubukhulu. Dual shell ezingemuva ingxenye ihleli kahle. knockdown Excellent ivumela inhlamvu yokuzingela izilwane ezinkulu, isetshenziswa ukuvala ibanga amakhulu naphakathi osezingeni nezinhlamvu.

Ngaphezu kwalezi amachashazi wandile Teilmantel Rundkopf, Kegelspitz, NMoN (HP), Starkmantel, torpedo Ideal Geschoss, torpedo Universal Geschoss, H-Mantel Bleispitz, HMkH, VMs, VMR, DKK, Vulkan, Forex, Mega, Alaska, Plastspitz, Orix, Silvertip, Torpedospitz, Nosler, PL, PLPCL, PSP Core Lokt-CL, Amandla Lokt, Core Lokt, SF, Hammerhead.

izici

Iningi lawo abantu lapha (futhi ezivamile) izinhlobo zezibhamu basonta nengxenye yabo Lubanzi. Yangaphandle futhi umehluko kwesakhiwo zinawo, kepha isamba nakakhulu. Zonke phambi zikhubazekile, ukwandisa ububanzi we isiteshi isilonda, wonke umuntu igcinwa ngemuva inhlamvu, okuyinto kulondoloza ichashazi ekubhujisweni futhi kusiza ukuba kudlule shí izicubu. Okuwukuphela ezikhethekile ngoba pachyderms ichashazi nethonya, esiklanyelwe ukuze singathwesi yakha nabo izingcezwana futhi ngenxa yalokho akubona ukunciphisa ikhono eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini.

Ukuze elide sokudubula amachashazi bakhomba unqobe emoyeni ukumelana, ngaleyo ndlela esindisa isilinganiso (kukhona Isigaxa reverse linendima ebalulekile). Ukuze ezahlukene naphakathi naseduze ichashazi wenza ngendlela ehlukile: bevula wokulahlekelwa ekhanda flat eziqongweni oyindilinga mayelana wokwembula phambili. Izinhlobo amachashazi ingebe nazo ahlukahlukene ngempela. Okokuqala, lena ichashazi zasendle, omunye ethandwa kakhulu wonke amazwe CIS futhi izwe elaliyiSoviet Union ngaphambili. Inhlamvu umcibisholo-uhlobo oluxube elimazayo ohlanganyela umsila plastic. Inhloko ingxenye esitsheni futhi plastic, ethuthukisa izakhiwo obturation. Ukuhluka yokukhiqiza amachashazi enjalo ambalwa.

Calibers nezinhlamvu ngoba izibhamu rifled

Calibre - lena ibanga phakathi sebeziqhumbuza, ngokuvamile coinciding ne ububanzi we inhlamvu. Kungenxa lokhu kwencika kuyinto izikhali oluthathwa - esincane, ezinkulu osezingeni osezingeni ezivamile. Eyokuqala amamilimitha angu eziyisithupha nengxenye, owesibili - kusuka eziyisithupha kuya eziyisishiyagalolunye nengxenye, nenxenye yesithathu - kusukela abayisishiyagalolunye amamilimitha angu amabili. Phezu kwaleli isikhali babe wezikhali. Namuhla, kunamabandla izibhamu ezinezinhlamvu emgqonyeni rifled, kuye ngobukhulu besikhumba saleso inhlamvu.

Ngokwesibonelo, e lesikali US namanje ezinqunywe amayintshi (ke kumakhulukhulu), kanye e-England - e thousandths ngamasentimitha. Ngakho-ke, "Cine" osezingeni amane nanhlanu lithathwa njengenye 0.45 noma 0,450. ERussia ngaphambi ukuqokwa osezingeni kwandulelwe iphuzu ngqo phambi lolu phawu: .45 noma .450, kodwa kaningi nje esetshenziswa inenombolo - osezingeni 45th. Ngezinye izikhathi abashisekeli wamukela gama elikhethekile ukuzwakala isithombe: Super, .357 noma Colt, .45. Esikhathini 30s kwekhulu elidlule, isiqu osezingeni is walishintsha kancane, esikhundleni amayintshi amamilimitha angu.

Calibers ka cartridges for izibhamu

Calibers ukuzingela izikhali ngaphandle ukusika esiqwini, ababiziweyo - smoothbore okubangela ngendlela ehluke kakhulu. Usayizi lapha kungaba kuphela nenani inhlamvu nxazonke pounds lomthofu, ongabekela ku isibhamu. Futhi siqiniseke ukuba sifake acabangele isimo ukuthi inhlamvu kuyoba okufanayo, abushelelezi, uyimbulunga. Ngakho osezingeni inhlukanozigaba selisho nabo inani ukuzingela ngezibhamu. osezingeni Twentieth, isib, esingaphansi okweshumi, nesithupha kanye esingaphansi nambili.

Zimise lesikali ngoba zonke izikhali (futhi smoothbore futhi rifled), udinga ukucacisa ubude edingekayo emikhonweni, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nzima eyolanda uhlobo oluthile igobolondo ukuba isikhali ethile. Kuleli zwe lanamuhla hunter lokhu komkhathi - ubukhulu onhlobonhlobo kunabaningi kangaka. Nokho, iningi wabuza kubo - nambili gauge, ngoba kuhle wasondela okuzingela akuyona enkulu kakhulu, kodwa hhayi izilwane ezincane nezinyoni. Ngaphansi ngokuvamile kudingeka Izikali wesine, yeshumi, amathathu wesibili, ngoba ukusetshenziswa yabo esikudinga ngempela kuphela umdlalo othile, abazingeli lunye emincane.

Big game

Ithuba ukudubula big game lover uwela hhayi kakhulu. Cartridges, lomgwaqo ukuzingela esindayo amachashazi ziyadingeka ngabanye isiqu ngasinye, ngoba kukhona tolerances ezithile. Iziqu ngisho osezingeni eyodwa zihluke kakhulu: ezahlukene kuliminyanise, kanye diameters wesiteshi ebhuthini, nokokufaka ukuze akhe amagobolondo. umdlalo Big futhi udinga isibhamu big inhlamvu muhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umzingeli ubophekile ukuhlomisa izandla zabo bonke amachashazi ukuze isikhali sakhe. Ikakhulukazi uma wayeya ukuya umdlalo omkhulu.

isiqinisekiso ukuphepha ukusetshenziswa izitshalo kunikezwa izinhlamvu kuphela uma isikhali has a cylindrical emgqonyeni kuthutha. A imishini ngesandla ekhaya - akusiyo kuphela ikhono izinto the cartridges, kodwa futhi ulwazi kanjani ukukhetha isikhali esifanele shot yakhe isilwane esithile. Ezingashayi lomgwaqo amachashazi ukunikeza amahlumela ngaleso sikhathi esibucayi. izingulube zasendle, isibonelo, ngeke kudingeke ukuba ulinde kuze kube kulayisha kabusha umzingeli ngemva Berdan sokuzingela shot "ubisi." Babesebenzisa zalezi zinhlobo amachashazi abazingela elikhulu umdlalo (ngoba izibhamu): round, ophephela kanye izinhlamvu Shooting hlobo.

omagazini okubalulekile izincwadi zakhe watshela ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi likhetha amachashazi bushelelezi ekufezeni kochungechunge ukunikeza kulandwe amaphisi amaningi yesimanje. Ngokwemvelo, konke lokhu uvezwa anisoze okungenasisekelo, kunalokho - ine omuhle kakhulu ubufakazi base netiphetfo wabonisana. Kodwa akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi ukuthola kwalimala isilwane ayabulala izilwane, ngisho khona esihle sokusebenza inja - inkinga enkulu yini, inezinqola isikhathi esiningi okulahlwayo futhi kokuhlupheka. Kodwa-carnivores - Ibhere elinsundu, isibonelo, uma ilimele, futhi usongo esibulalayo kunoma yimuphi umuntu, hhayi ngisho lowo kwalimala isilo. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha zezibhamu - iyona ebaluleke kakhulu amalungiselelo wokufuna ezinjalo.