Izinhlobo zezimvu ezimhlophe: izincazelo nezici

Imikhakha yezimvu ezihlanjululwe kahle ziyizimvu ezinamahlombe amancane, ajwayelekile futhi ajwayelekile. Ubuningi bezinwele ezithombeni eziphansi zezilwane ezinjalo ngokuvamile aludluli ama-microns angu-25. Isakhiwo soboya bezimvu eziphucuziwe kahle yisisekelo. ERussia, izinhlobo eziningana zezilwane zaleli qembu ziyadalwa.

Izici ezijwayelekile zemikhiqizo yezimvu ezihlahliwe kahle

Izinwele zalolu hlobo lwezinkomo alufani nje ngobukhulu balo obukhulu kodwa futhi nobude obukhulu - isilinganiso sobubanzi buka-9 cm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uboya bubhekene nokuhlukumeza okuqinile. Ubude obude bezinwele ubude bukwazi ukufaka ama-waves angu-6-8. Ngokuvamile izimvu ezinjalo zine-skeleton ehlelwe kahle, kodwa nge-musculature engakhi kahle. Ukufuywa kwalezi zilwane kuvame ukuqhutshwa emadlelweni asomile.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

Zonke izinhlobo zezimvu ezihlelwe kahle zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amakhulu amabili:

• Inyama-uboya (uboya obuhle);

• I-Woolen (uboya obuhle).

Ezinye izinhlobo zezimvu ezihlanziwe kahle zingabanjwa cishe kunoma yisiphi isifunda saseRussia, ezinye - zilandelwa. Ngokuvamile abalimi ezweni lethu bakhula:

• I-Soviet Merino;

• Uhlobo lukaSalskaya;

• I-Stavropol.

Izinhlanga ezidumile ezihlanjululwe kahle ziyi:

• I-South Ural;

• Isi-Kazakh;

• Prekos.

Imikhiqizo yezimvu ezimnandi, ezinemibala emihle, njengezinyama ezivamile, zivame ukubonakala ngokunganaki ekunakekeleni nasekukhuthazeleni.

I-Soviet Merino

Izimvu zalesi sizukulwane ziyakhiwa endaweni yaseRussia cishe yonke indawo. Kunezinhlanganiso ezimbili zama-merino-Soviet-inyama-uboya noboya. Isici esihlukile saloluhlobo oluthile yi-fat encane yamafutha. Ngokuvamile ezimvu ezihlanjululwe kahle, imingcele yayo iphakeme kunezimvu ezivamile, izikhathi ezimbili. Ama-merinos aseSoviet ahlangabezana nesici kuso. Ngakho-ke, uboya babo bavame ukuphuma emakhoyili. Naphezu kwalokhu okuncane, i-merino yaseSoviet ibhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezikhiqiza kahle kakhulu.

Leli gundane lahlonywa e-USSR phakathi kuka-1925 no-1938. Abazali kulolu hlobo kwakuyi-Wovropol (isibeletho) esinezinwele ezimhlophe kanye ne-fine-wool Groznensk (izimvu). Umbala woboya kulezi zimvu kungenzeka ube njenge-gray, igrey noma i-white-yellow. Kunoma yikuphi, uboya bobuhlanga bukhulu kakhulu, bude futhi bunesono. Ezimvu ezikhulile, ekuqaleni kwezingubo zokukhwabanisa, kwezinye izimo ngisho noma iso lingabonakali.

Okuqukethwe kweSoviet Merino abathobekile kakhulu. Ubusika ababekezelela buhle kakhulu. Bangakwazi ukudla nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. NgoNovemba - Mashi, badla ngokulangazela, kufaka phakathi utshani obomile kakhulu. Kukholelwa ukuthi ukutshala isikhathi eside ngisho nasemasimini anezimila ezimbi kulezi zimvu kuyasiza kakhulu kunokugcina ipeni. Ukukhishwa kweboya emhlambini wezimvu zalolu hlobo kungaba 10-14 kg ngendlela ehlanzekile.

Izimvu zikaSalsk

Imfuyo yezimvu imifino emihle ngokuvamile ayifinyelele kude kakhulu. Imvu ye-Salsa iyinto ejabulisayo kulo mthetho. Izilwane zalesi sizukulwane zaqanjwa ngokuwela isibeletho sama-merino-abesifazane anezimvu ze-ramnuline.

Izinzuzo zezimvu ze-salsa, ngaphezu kokukhiqiza okuphezulu, zihlanganisa ukuqina nokukwazi ukwenza izinguquko emadolobheni amakhulu kakhulu. Isisindo sezimvu zalesi sizwe singafinyelela ku-90-110 kg, amakhosikazi angafika ku-56 kg. Uboya bezimvu salsa luvaliwe, bube mncane, bude, bunemibala emhlophe ehlanzekile. Kusukela esiswini esisodwa kunokwenzeka ukusika kuze kube ngu-7 kg weboya, futhi kusukela enqameni - kuze kufike ku-17 kg. Phakathi kwezinzuzo zohlobo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kukhona ukuzala okuphezulu. Lezi zimvu zakhiwa ikakhulukazi esifundeni saseRostov.

I-Stavropol

Eminye imfuyo yezimvu i-fine-breach ihluke ezindaweni ezihambisana ne-thermophilic. Ukubhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo, isibonelo, izimvu zaseStvropol. Izilwane zalesi sizwe zahlonywa epulazini elizalisayo "I-Soviet Fleece" eSitevropol Territory. Uhlobo lwazo lwavunyelwa ngo-1950. Okubhaliwe kwendalo yayo kwakuyi-Novocaucasian Merinos, eyayingekho uboya obukhulu kakhulu, kodwa ivumelane kahle nezimo zendawo.

Izimvu zaseTatvropol ezijwayelekile zinezikhumba ezimbili zesikhumba kanye ne-burdock entanyeni yabo. Umthethosisekelo wabo unamandla kakhulu. Isibeletho salolu hlobo singafinyelela isisindo sika 56 kg. Uboya obuvela kubo buba ngu-6 kg.

Ukungahleleki kwezimvu zaseStvropol kubhekwa njengokungathi kunamathele kwabanye abantu kanye nokuguqulwa kwamalungu emigodini.

Izimvu zikaYuzhnouralsk

Ngakho-ke, sithole ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezimvu ezihlobene noboya obuhle. Izinhlobonhlobo ezichazwe ngenhla zithandwa kakhulu ezifundeni zazo futhi zanikeza uboya obukhulu nje. Ukukhubazeka okuvamile kwezilwane ezinjalo akuyona nje isisindo esiningi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo eziningana zezimvu zenyama ezihlanjululwe kahle zakhiwa ngabalimi.

I-South Ural izimvu zatholakala ngo-1968 emapulazini kahulumeni "Oktyabrsky" nabo. K. Marx wesifunda sase-Orenburg. Ekukhethweni, isibeletho sangasese esinezinyosi kanye ne-German ram prekos esetshenzisiwe. Inhloso yomsebenzi kwakuwukususwa kohlobo oluthile lokuhlwanyela kahle, olulungele izimo ze-Urals nesifunda se-Volga.

Leli gundane libhekisela ekukhiqizeni kweqembu lezimvu. Isisindo somuntu omdala we-South Ural singama-110-120 kg, isisu sesi-55-60 kg. Uboya bezilwane zalolu hlobo bude (8-9 cm) i-merino-white embala. I-crimp ebizwa ngokuthi i-crimp. Amanoni ezimvu zaseYuzhnouralsk aphezulu kakhulu. Izimvu zalesi sizwe zingaba ama-horned noma ama-lumpy. Ukunqunywa izinwele kusuka esibelethweni esisodwa esidala kungu-4.5-5 kg. Kusukela enqameni ungathatha cishe ku-12 kg.

Okuqukethwe kwalolu hlobo kuthobekile kakhulu, futhi kukhona okungenakuphutha. Izinkinga zezimvu zase-South Ural ziyizithelo eziphansi kuphela kanye nokutholakala kwamathiphu omisiwe okuyisisekelo e-rune. Kukholelwa ukuthi umsebenzi obalulekile wokubeletha udingekile kulolu hlobo, okuhlose ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yeboya.

Prekos

Loluhlobo oluthandwayo lwavulwa eFrance ngekhulu le-XIX. Isizathu salokho kwakuyisibeletho saseNgilandi Lester kanye neRamblue yesiFulentshi. Ngokusemthethweni izinga lolo hlu lwasungulwa ngo-1929. ERussia, imibono yangaphambili, njengesihlobo esine-thermophilic, ihlolwe ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseningizimu - ezindaweni zaseBryansk, eKursk, njalonjalo.

Umbala woboya kulezi zimvu kungenzeka ube mhlophe-ukhilimu, ongcolile-omhlophe, omnyama noma onesihlabathi. Isisindo sezinqama sifinyelela ku-100-130 kg, amakhosikazi - 60-70 kg. Lezi zimvu ziyesaba, kodwa zilalele kakhulu. Ukutshala i-prekosov kangcono ukukhetha indawo ye-hilly. Ekunakekeleni lezi zimvu zingathobeki.

Uhlobo lwe-prekos lubhekisela eqenjini le-wool. Uboya balezi zimvu bukhulu kakhulu. Ukusuka enqameni eyodwa ungaduna u-9 kg woboya, futhi kusukela esibelethweni - kuze kufike ku-5.

I-Kazakh enhle-yezimvu ezifuywayo: incazelo

Lolu hlobo lwatholakala ngokunqamula ama-precom nama-umbel aphethe ubuso. Ngokuvamile izimvu zaseKazakh zigcinwa abalimi empumalanga yeKazakhstan. Izici zabo ezihlukile ziwumthethosisekelo oqinile nokukhuthazela. Uma kunesidingo, zingagcinwa unyaka wonke emadlelweni. Isisindo sezimvu ezidala zalesi sizwe sifinyelela ku-100 kg. Kulesi simo, kusukela kumuntu oyedwa, u-3.5-7 kg wekhwalithi yekhwalithi ingadliwa.

Esikhundleni sokuphetha

Imikhakha yezimvu ihlelekile-iphihliwe futhi ihlehlisiwe kahle, ngakho-ke, iyakhiwe ezindaweni eziningi zezwe lethu. Abanye babo, njengoba kungenzeka ukuphawula, badinga ukuthuthukiswa okwengeziwe. Okunye ukwehluleka cishe akudingeki. Kunoma yikuphi, ngaphansi kobuchwepheshe obufanele bokuqukethwe, abameleli bazo zonke izinhlobo ezichazwe ngenhla bayakwazi ukunikeza ubuciko obuningi bekhwalithi eliphezulu, futhi ukuzalanisa kungaba inzuzo enkulu.