Izinhlobo nemizana eRussia. Izinhlobo ezinkulu izindawo zasemaphandleni

IRussia ingelinye phakathi kwamazwe top ten ngokuya labantu. Idatha esuka yokubalwa kwabantu okugcinile, okuyinto lwenziwe ngo-2010, zibonisa ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kuka-142 kwesigidi bahlala kuleli zwe.

Kuhlelwe yokuhlala compact zabantu ukwakha izindawo. izinhlobo sabo esisemqoka amelwe Russia - idolobha, idolobha elincane, emzaneni, isigodi, isigodi, Hamlet, isigodi. Ukwakhiwa zasemizaneni ngenxa yezizathu ezithize. nemizana Primary avele ezindaweni izimo ezikahle kakhulu zezulu nempumuzo, ikhono yezimboni nezomnotho.

Russia - ezweni elinesimo sezulu sasivumela elibuhlungu ukuthi ngokuqinisekile ngokuyinhloko kuthinta kumiswa uhlelo zasemizaneni. I elinabantu abaningi kakhulu izindawo Russian Federation iyona central okuyingxenye.

Esinye isici ezithinta isiphetho, kubhekwa bezikhali yezimboni izindawo. Sikhishwe iqiniso lokuthi inqolobane eyinhloko amaminerali eRussia kukhona insimu yayo enyakatho, le ngxenye yezwe - izifunda kakhulu ngokuphakeme ezimbonini athuthukile kuqhathaniswa okusezingeni eliphezulu ukwanda kwabantu.

Cabangela izinhlobo nemizana Russian Federation.

Amadolobha nasemakhaya

Yiziphi izinhlobo nemizana kukhona? Zonke nemizana Russian Federation zihlukaniswe zasemaphandleni nezasemadolobheni, okutshengisa ifomu eyinhloko ukuqashwa kwabantu.

I evelele labantu Russian uhlala edolobheni. Leli qiniso ukuchaza izizathu kokubili komphakathi kanye impahla. Amadolobha bangamaRoma izikhungo impucuko nge ingqalasizinda athuthukile, ukutholakala izindawo amasiko nezenhlalo, ngokunethezeka, kuka ezimweni zokuphila yasemakhaya. Lezi zizathu kubangele ngokufuduka yasemakhaya ekuqothulweni akude futhi cishe zasemizaneni amancane asemaphandleni.

Le nqubo sobunhloko imizi nemizana ngokuthi ukufuduka kwabantu beya emadolobheni. idolobha Primary eRussia kuyinto isikhungo yezimboni evunyelwa ukuba isinde abalimi belamba. Ukuthuthukiswa lezi zikhungo kuye kwaholela ekwandeni kwabo futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukwandisa isibalo abahlala nabo. Namuhla, izingxenye ezintathu kwezine bakulelo zwe uhlala emizini.

Ukwahlukaniswa main ebonisa izinhlobo nemizana kuyinto ngezigaba ezihlobene labantu.

Izimpawu emadolobheni by labantu

Inombolo ephelele emadolobheni nasemadolobhaneni eRussia, ezingaphezu kuka-2000 izihloko, lapho amadolobha eziyinkulungwane nekhulu kanye nasemalokishini ezingaphezu kuka amabili nambili. Ukuze amadolobha Russian kukhona nemizana, isibalo sabantu abahlala lapho hhayi abantu esingaphansi ishumi elinambini lamawaka, lokusho kutsi emaphesenti langema- engaphezu kuka-90 wahlanganyela kule mikhakha ukukhiqizwa, nomphakathi kanye service.

Moscow - umuzi omkhulu WaseRussia, nenhloko-dolobha yalo, lapho abantu abangaphezu kuka-10 million.

Population ikuvumela ukuba uhlukanise emzini lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo nemizana:

• idolobha esingeziwe enkulu, noma umuzi kubo bonke abantu abayizinjinga, ogama labantu lidlula ezigidini ezintathu. ERussia, yona le mizi 2 - eMoscow Petersburg.
• Idolobha elikhulu elinabantu phakathi no ezintathu million. ERussia, amadolobha 13 elinabantu uhla yamemezela, kuhlanganise eYekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Omsk, Rostov-on-Don, Ufa.
• idolobha elikhulu, ogama labantu siqukethe amabili ezinkulungwane ezilikhulu lamatshumi amahlanu esigidini futhi. ERussia kukhona imizi engaphezu kwamashumi amane.
• emadolobheni amakhulu, lapho inani labantu abahlala kuyahlukahluka kungakapheli engamakhulu amabili namashumi amahlanu amawaka. Izwe Inombolo yabo kudlulwe amashumi ayisishiyagalolunye.
• emadolobheni naphakathi, lapho izinkulungwane ezingamatshumi amahlanu nanye engamakhulu izimpilo. Inombolo yabo kudlulwe ngayikhulu namashumi ayisihlanu.
• amadolobha amancane, labantu okuyinto ingeqi abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amahlanu.

Okukhulu kakhulu kwenani labantu kwenzeka emadolobheni nasemadolobhaneni ezinkulu ngenxa yokuqhubeka kwabo yezimboni nezomnotho.

dolobha eliminyene elinabantu

Ukukhuluma mayelana nezinhlobo ezigudle emadolobheni yeRussia, futhi kuyadingeka ukuba zihlale kubo umqondo welithi "dolobha eliminyene elinabantu". Ngaphansi lo mqondo kusho ukubambisana elise eduze ezinkulu edolobheni naphakathi amadolobha, okuyinto bahlanganiswe zabasebenzi, izingqalasizinda, izimboni nezinye izinhlobo ukuxhumana.

Le mizi naphakathi nabizelwa emadolobheni satellite. amadolobha Satellite ukunciphisa ukuminyana sabantu kuleli ezinkulu.

Isici esibalulekile itshe esivivaneni okuvela agglomerations iyakhiwa ezokuthutha ukuxhumana ephakathi amadolobha. I-Russian amadolobha satellite kwakheka Kuibyshev, eMoscow, eSt Petersburg.

Inhlanganisela agglomerations mega akhiwa. I megalopolises Russian abumane namuhla.

Izimpawu emadolobheni njalo kwesakhiwo

isakhiwo sendawo Russia ivumela ukukhetha lezi zinhlobo kwezindawo zasemadolobheni: federal, yesifunda (.. Regional, yesifunda, republic, njll) kanye ezingeni lesifunda.

RF uMthethosisekelo ichaza federal edolobheni edolobheni laseMoscow, Petersburg Sevastopol.

Imizi ukubaluleka lesifunda ezibhekwa amadolobha benzela isikhungo kwezomnotho kanye namasiko, libhekene umkhakha ukuthuthukiswa kanye nenani labantu okwedlula abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu aba.

Nokho, izinkomba ambalwa sabantu emadolobheni akuzona kuphela, cishe kuqala. umbandela Okubaluleke nakakhulu ngoba ekulinganisweni imizi emizini ukubaluleka lesifunda kungase kubhekwe njengokwelapha, ukusebenza yabo yezenhlalo nezomnotho, izimpumelelo sphere ezenhlalo nezamasiko, ubunjalo zomlando, amapulani eside ukwandisa ukukhula labantu kanye nentuthuko yomnotho. Ngaphezu nalezi zici ezingenhla, ukuze uhlukanise emadolobheni nasemizini ukubaluleka kwesifunda futhi kufanele kubhekwe umuzi isakhiwo wesifunda.

Izimfuneko inani izakhamizi emizini ukubaluleka lesifunda kukhona umuntu e isihloko Russian Federation ngamunye. Ngokuvamile, lezi zihlanganisa ezigudle emadolobheni elinabantu ngaphakathi eziyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisihlanu. Ensimini ka edolobheni zikhona Izinsiza umkhakha evuthiwe, ukuhlinzeka amasevisi ezemfundo, nezikhungo zezokwelapha futhi commercial, kanye nezikhungo zamasiko.

Izimpawu emadolobheni njalo sokusebenza

I typology elandelayo kuzinhlobo wezokuHlaliswa kwaBantu akuhileli division yabo, ogxile elisebenzisekayo nemisebenzi edolobheni. Ukuze lezo zinhlelo zihlanganisa: zezombusazwe kanye nezokuphatha, izimboni, ezokuthutha, ukuhweba, ezesayensi, ezempi, ukungcebeleka (kahle) umsebenzi. Kuye inani imisebenzi eyenziwa edolobheni zihlukaniswe monofunctional futhi Amatebhe.

Izimpawu imizi isimo somnotho nokuma kwezwe

Siphinde sihlinzekele lokulinganisa emadolobheni kuzinhlobo zasemizaneni ku isimo sabo sezomnotho nokuma kwezwe:

• sise ezifakwa okumbiwa phansi;
• eziphathelene nengqalasizinda ujantshi;
• port;
• ezimbonini kanye zokuthutha.

zokuhlala ezisemadolobheni

ESigabeni leSisemkhatsini phakathi ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni nezisemakhaya eRussia i ezisemadolobheni-uhlobo zokuhlala. Lokhu Lesisemkhatsini kunemtselela inani amalungu imijondolo efana, kanye kwenkululeko umsebenzi.

nemizana Ubude emadolobheni Russian Federation kuka amayunithi 1200. Inombolo yabantu abahlala emijondolo enjalo kungaba isukela nedlanzana ezimbalwa ukuze latinkhulungwane letinyentana. Elikhulu kunawo wonke ezisemadolobheni-uhlobo nemizana eRussia neyaziwayo Ordzhonikidzevskya emaphandleni, lapho abantu abangaphezu kuka-64 eziyinkulungwane.

Kukhona zenyathi eziningana nemizana ezisemadolobheni, okuyinto zitholakala ngaphandle komuzi. nemizana ezinjalo: nemizana abasebenzi ', lapho izindawo zezimboni (labantu abantu abangaba izinkulungwane ezintathu); Holiday nemizana (labantu kuze kufinyelele abantu abayizinkulungwane ezimbili); nemizana suburban.

izindawo zasemaphandleni kabanzi kunazo emelelwa eRussia. inani labo inani idlula izinkulungwane 150. Ikota la maphuzu kungenziwa ashiwo ayinabantu abaningi, abantu angaphansi kuka-10 abahlala kuzo.

Naphezu esibalulekile kuba ezindaweni zasemakhaya, inani abahlala kuzo umane nje amabili amaphesenti sebebonke Russian.

Lokhu eziyimbangela kungenxa Indinganiso low lokuphila endaweni, imishini yayo ababuthakathaka zobuchwepheshe, nakho kuholela kufuduka emadolobheni.

Izinhlobo nemizana ezindaweni zasemakhaya, kuye ngokuthi labantu babo kungenziwa labizwa ngokuthi elandelayo:

• Elikhulu, elinabantu abangaphezu kuka libe yizinkulungwane eziyisihlanu.
• Elikhulu, elinabantu kuze kufinyelele ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu.
• Isilinganiso elinabantu phakathi amabili namashumi - analinye amawaka abantu.
• Small elinabantu abantu abangamakhulu amabili.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu abahlala emaphandleni, ezindaweni okwethulwa Russia

• Leli dolobhana - endaweni enkulu lapho kukhona noma yake isonto. Usekhonza njengephayona isikhungo wendawo.
• Leli dolobhana - endaweni encane, okuyinto eye ngokomlando kwakungekho bandla.
• Village - uhlobo olusha isiphetho yasemakhaya, esadaleka ezinsukwini zeSoviet Union.
• Aul - isiphetho, owawumelele labantu yobuhlanga: Circassian, Abaza kanye Nogai.
• Ipulazi - esivumelwaneni ipulazi ngabanye, ehlanganisa izindlu, inani okuyinto ingeqi 10.
• Village - emzaneni kwakhiwa Cossack. Edolobheni elikhulu yezwe - Kanevskaya Krasnodar Territory, labantu bayo - abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-45.

Izinhlobo nemizana kwamiswa eRussia iminyaka eminingi. Inhlangano zasemizaneni kakhulu bathonywe izinto zemvelo kanye sezulu. Ezolimo - uhlobo eyinhloko ukuqashwa kwabantu abahlala emaphandleni namuhla. izimo zezulu Evumayo ingafeza lukhulu lapha.

Njengoba sazi ukuthi iningi mono-functional ngomzana, namuhla izinhlobo ezinkulu nemizana - dolobha.

Kufinyeta

Njengoba isihloko "Yiziphi izinhlobo nemizana kwakheka kwi insimu we Russian Federation", singaphetha ngokuthi quantitatively busa ezindaweni zasemakhaya, kodwa ezisemadolobheni ukwanda kwabantu iphezulu kakhulu.