Izinhlangano Agricultural: Ukuphathwa, ukugcinwa kwamabhuku ezimali, ukuthuthukiswa

Asiphakamise isihloko ukuphathwa kwezimali ngendlela eqondile futhi kuyaqabukela ngazo kule wemboni ukhiye, efana nezolimo. On isimo emkhakheni iye efunde idatha eningi, kodwa kunzima ukubabiza ekhuthaza. Ngakho, yini ngempela okade ulisho? Yini uyiswa ukuthini leli gama?

Ngaphansi ezimali ukuphathwa ukuqonda ukuqoqwa kanye nokunikeza uhlelo ulwazi ngesisekelo okuyinto izinqumo eziphathelene imisebenzi yenhlangano. Siyabonga ohlelweni of ukuphathwa kwezimali kungenzeka ukuba baqonde isimo - ibhizinisi isimo, okunengqondo noma cha ukusatshalaliswa netinsita letikhona. Umgomo oyinhloko walesi simiso iwukuba ukwandisa nekusebenta yimuphi umsebenzi ezimbonini.

Yezinjongo eziyinhloko ezimali

Njengakwezinye izindawo, injongo eyinhloko-akhawunti yokulawula ngesikhathi ibhizinisi yezolimo supply ulwazi abaphathi kanye abaphathi, adingekayo umsindo ekuthathweni kanye nokuphathwa ngempumelelo inkampani. Yezinjongo eziyinhloko ukukhathalela kwakhe:

1. Ukudweba icebo kwemisebenzi kanye nesabelomali.
2. Ukubalwa izindleko nokuzimisela zokulawula ngenxa zoxhaso ezimali tekusebenta.
3. Ukuhlaziya idatha etholwe nokusebenza ngesisekelo imibiko wathola wathola izinqumo.

Izimali izinhlangano zezolimo. Yiziphi izici?

ukuphathwa kwezimali uhlelo for ibhizinisi yezolimo kusho ukufinyelela inhlanganisela elikhulu izinga nobungako bezithelo esikhishwe umkhiqizo. I leveli yokuphelela kwezomnotho, isici ezolimo kunqunywa, okokuqala, wathi isilinganiso (cost-inzuzo), kuyinto encike ngqo kwi izinga ukusebenza kahle kule ukusetshenziswa izinsiza zokukhiqiza. Okwesibili, kusukela ukuphathwa izinqubo ukuthi kukhona isici kubo.

Yakha Agriculture Organization uhlelo lokuphathwa kufanele esekelwe izindleko njengoba isici esiyinhloko akhuthazayo. Uhlelo isibopho sabo ukunikeza ukusatshalaliswa kahle ulwazi oludingekayo kanye izinga elidingekayo ukuze imininingwane, laba kanjani nesandla ukuhlonza kanye nokuqaliswa labo nemisetjenzana okungabuzwa kubhekwe inzuzo kakhulu. Kuyinto le nqubomgomo angathuthukisa kule ndawo.

Izinguquko emkhakheni wezolimo

Izwe lethu futhi kunezizathu eziningi amashumi eminyaka, ibhekene ezinye izinguquko umgomo - ukunikeza amathuba esiphezulu ukuthuthukiswa kwezolimo. Izinhloso nezinjongo hlelwa kabusha ngokuningiliziwe ukudalula oda sikahulumeni Russian Federation Cha 717, eyakhululwa ngo-July 2012. Libala imisebenzi esemqoka enikezwa etholakele kwesikhathi 2013-2020 GG. Uhlelo.

Yini ubizwa kule dokhumenti sina? Priority kunikezwa inhlangano kahle umhlaba wokulima, ukwandisa ukukhula zokukhiqizwa kokudla zonke izinhlobo ezinkulu imikhiqizo yezolimo, ekugwemeni ukubhebhetheka kwezifo imvelo ezilwaneni ngezimali imisebenzi ehlobene, ukwesekwa kwengqalasizinda emakethe yezolimo. Ngokusho isimemezelo, izimakethe kumele balawulwe kahle, siqinise futhi silondoloze lokho okubizwa ngokuthi amafomu ezincane kwezomnotho izinhlangano zezolimo.

Ukunakwa kumele inikezwe ukuxhumana ngempumelelo ngaphezulu neziphathimandla isimo ukulawula komkhakha wakuleli wezolimo. Injongo eyinhloko esingashintshi kuze kufinyelelwe esikhathini - ukwenyuka kancane inzuzo kungekho ukubaluleka elincane kulomkhakha, ukukhula izinga lempilo abahlali yasemakhaya kanye kudalwa izimo lapho emisha kungenzeka lifanele wezolimo bokusebenza.

izimali Siqu

Kuleyo minyaka engu-e isabelomali sikahulumeni uzobe wabeka ukuze kuqaliswe uhlelo imali sina yemali. Ngokusho okulindele, imijovo zezimali predictably ukuletha inamba yezinguquko ezibalulekile zokuthi ekuthuthukisweni ezimbonini. Kodwa kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi isimo main - ilitshe nendlela ungakwazi ngcono ukusetshenziswa ngezimali eyabelwe zona.

Akufanele sibakhohlwe ukuthi lapho izinguquko isakhiwo kwezolimo yavela ngemva ukwethulwa wezwe lakithi, unswinyo olubhekiswe ukungeniswa kohlobo oluthile imikhiqizo zidinga waba ukwanda okukhulu kwezincwadi nekusebenta wemboni Iinhlangano ezihlakaniphile kwemikhiqizo yezolimo ezivezwa abahlinzeki yasekhaya.

On ngempumelelo asebenza amabhizinisi ezolimo kufanele kwandiswe umkhiqizo, afinyelele izinga eliphakeme of ukusebenza kahle izitshalo ezikhulayo, kucinisekisa inchubekela embili ye workpiece e lemali oyifunayo imikhiqizo wezwe wezolimo ukuqeda kusilela yayo. Kufanele uqaphele kakhulu kuya ekusetshenzisweni amafa atholakalayo - ezweni, umhlabathi olimekayo, amapulazi, izingadi, izilwane, imfuyo, izimoto, njll ...

Yini ebaluleke?

Umkhakha wezolimo nothi lapho idinga ukuheha nezifundiswa abasha nabanekhono abaphathi, izinhlelo ezintsha kanye nentuthuko ngamunye amasayithi ukukhiqizwa. Inhlangano ibhizinisi yezolimo kudinga Kwabiwa ecacile umthwalo izinyathelo. Imithombo uxhaso, kokubili siqu futhi zixhaswe, kufanele isetshenziswe ngempumelelo enkulu.

Ukuze kufezeke letinhloso, inhlangano ngayinye ibhizinisi emkhakheni yomkhiqizo wezolimo ubophekile ukuba abe kahle olulawulayo lwakwa. Ngaphandle-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuba amise umsebenzi zokukhiqiza ngempumelelo, ukuhlonza kudingekile izinqolobane yangaphakathi.

Lapho uhlelo?

The main nobunzima esivela emkhakheni wokuphathwa amabhizinisi eyinkimbinkimbi wezolimo - ukungabi khona ulwazi oluphelele futhi enokwethenjelwa, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu izinqumo Cabangisisa ukuphathwa. Uhlelo imihlahlandlela ezivamile, owawuthi inhlangano kungenzeka accounting nokulawula kwemikhakha ethile emnothweni, manje ulahlekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinkampani eziningi weneliseka ngevolumu imali eyiphinda kude ngezansi ezingaba, ukwandisa izindleko okungahleliwe, walahlekelwa idatha okunokwethenjelwa ngokuphathelene nakho izindleko zokukhiqiza.

Lezi zici zibulale inzuzo zonke izindawo kwezolimo. Ngeshwa, emkhakheni wezolimo wezwe lakithi ayikahlanganiswa ihlanganiswe ezikhethekile Imininingwane management system, ngokusebenzisa okungase kwenzeke ukuba nokwandisa umsebenzi amabhizinisi ezolimo.

Ukubaluleka ezimali

Ngo Ngokucabangela lokhu osekushiwo ngaphambili, ukuphathwa kwezimali ukhonza njengomdala ithuluzi main kuyinto lapho kungenzeka ukuthola yonke idatha ezidingekayo ukwenza izinqumo kwezomnotho unolwazi. Ukuba khona kwawo ku ibhizinisi zaholela ekwakhekeni esihlanganisiwe uhlelo ulwazi kanye kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kanye Ukwenza izinqumo ezithathwe ukuphathwa kanye, ngenxa yalokho, ekukhuleni kahle izinhlangano zezolimo.

Ngesisekelo akhawunti ukudala i semininingwane Imininingwane ukuthi sihluke ezimali, kodwa ngaphandle lapho akunakwenzeka ukuba yenze izinqumo ezibalulekile. Lolu hlelo futhi ivumela ukuqapha ukuqinisekisa izindawo ezifanele kakhulu emnothweni kanye kunomthelela ukuthuthukiswa komoya enkampani phakathi abasebenzi.

Kungani-ke asibahambeli?

Njengoba sekushiwo, ngeshwa, uhlelo esinobunye ukuphathwa kwezimali kuyo yonke imikhakha kule mboni alikho. esethulweni yakhe emcimbini izimo uyedwa. Isizathu salokhu - eziningi nezinkinga futhi izici esivela umsebenzi kule kumkhakha othile, ngokwesiko sengqondo olandelanayo ukuba iningi izinguquko emkhakheni zokuphatha.

Ulwazi mayelana nezinzuzo obungenakuphikwa namathuba ezengeziwe ukuphathwa kwezimali uyakwazi ukunikeza izinhlangano zezolimo, ibonwa kanzima, futhi ongasitholi abasekeli. Ngenxa yezinto Ochwepheshe bakwazi ukuhlela ngempumelelo kakhulu kule akhawunti, okuyinto ayifuna ngabomvu entulekayo.

Yini engenziwa kuleso simo?

Uphi indlela yokunqoba lesi simo? Ngokusho abahlaziyi, kunengqondo ukuthatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Nezimo ekhona isipiliyoni entshonalanga yezimo isiRashiya, hhayi discounting ukuba khona ukuthuthukiswa wendawo yimpumelelo (kuhlanganise nenkathi yamaSoviet), ngempumelelo uzisebenzise kwesimo komnotho yesimanje.
2. Ukuze wenze uhlelo lokusetshenziswa imingcele ngokuyinhloko entsha, ngokuvumelana okungaba inhlangano ngempumelelo yomkhiqizo wezolimo, hlanganisa them tibe luhlelo loluvumelanako nge control likhuphukile ekuthathweni emkhakheni ezezimali nokuphatha.

sokukwazi ukuncintisana ezingeni lamazwe

Uma inkinga is dalo of a iphila Imininingwane esiphikisayo management system, ukusebenza kule amabhizinisi ezolimo isiRashiya, ziyoxazululwa, ukuncintisana kule mboni kuzokhulisa kakhulu. Lokhu, kuzovumela abalimi Russian ukwandisa umthamo isamba yokuthengisa imikhiqizo siqu nokuba aqinise imingcele ekhona indawo yokuma emakethe yasekhaya.

In the ukungabikho imithetho ecacile ku-akhawunti efanayo ye-imithetho Russian kudinga ukuthuthukiswa yonke imithetho edingekile incazelo eningiliziwe yezindlela nezici kokusebenza sabo ngokomyalo umkhakha.

Inhlangano yomkhiqizo wezolimo imfundiso. Kungani kungekho Imiphumela?

izifundo theory ezikhona kule ndawo ngalolu suku, unganikeli isithombe ezinhle zokuphatha ezimali amakhono isicelo salo esisebenzayo. abalobi yabo ikakhulukazi umatasa uzama ukuguqula izindlela Western ekhona ngaphandle ngekucikelela umkhakha akhawunti izici esivela ezinhlanganweni Russian yezolimo. Ukuze uqonde ukubaluleka abaholi nokufaneleka ukuphathwa kwezimali uhlelo edingekayo ucwaningo impela ngokwezimali.

Ngesisekelo ezimali kumele wacabanga izinqubo ukuqoqwa nokulungisa zonke ulwazi olufanele kokuqala. Kususelwa nesigcino lezi idatha, kungenzeka ukusungula nokulawula izindleko ngokomongo lezinto ahlukene. Sikhuluma izitshalo ezahlukene noma amaqembu wonke wabo (ezikulesi simila) noma zezilwane kwenye umkhakha - imfuyo.

mayelana Ibhajethi

ukuphathwa kwezimali indlela, ukubizwa ngokuthi imali ingasetshenziswa kanjani ivumela abaphathi ezinhlanganweni zezolimo ukuhlela imithombo yabo ne ukuhlaziywa okwalandela ngemiphumela. Yiziphi amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo le ndlela? Lezi zihlanganisa ukuqondisa, ukubambisana kanye nokuhlola izindleko. Kunenkolelo ngokudweba kuze amabhajethi ezisebenza control imisebenzi yabo esebenzisa imibiko yokusebenza.

I ngokucacile of nohlelo izinhlangano zezolimo babe izici zayo - okungukuthi, isidingo ukuhlela ezihlukahlukene izinkomba (zokutshala kanye nomanyolo amavolumu, ukuvuna kuhlelwe, ezithela ukwanda nemfuyo, inani kokudla kwezilwane, njll ...). Ingxenye isabelomali kufanele inake ukuba khona iyehla iyenyuka zonyaka, izici ezithile ukuze emkhakheni ngamunye (izinkukhu, ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo, nemfuyo, ukufuywa), ukuchitshiyelwa kohlelo isici zezulu kanye nentuthuko bemvelo bokuphila - ekulimaleni ukusika ukulahlekelwa wezinkomo.