Izingongolo Khanyisa esibhakabhakeni - kuyini?

imihlola abathandwayo ngokwemvelo, okuyinto waphawula kaningi - ukuvela izingongolo ukukhanya, sengathi yokuxhuma wezulu nomhlaba. Umbala wawo abantu abaningi balithatha amabika ahlukahlukene - kokubili ezinhle futhi omubi.

Othile wamemezela kubo kubonisa umusa kaNkulunkulu, kuyilapho abanye - usongo umonakalo ezinzima, isifo esiwumshayabhuqe nendlala. Yini izigxobo ukukhanya emkhathini futhi yini mbambambamba nesenzakalo yabo, uzothola kulesi sihloko.

Kuyini lokhu mkhuba

izingongolo Khanyisa ukuthi avele esibhakabhakeni - mpo ngokuphelele, amakholomu ngokukhazimulayo nesikhanyayo, esisuka ukusuka elangeni (noma inyanga) emhlabathini noma kude ukuze inkanyiso phakathi kwelanga noma kwelanga, okungukuthi, lapho umthombo wokukhanya kuyinto seliyozilahla kunina ... Bona kungabonwa ngezansi noma ngenhla ilanga (Moon), konke kuncike indawo indawo obuka sika. insika nsé shades umbala ukukhanya kuleli qophelo: uma yellow, futhi lo mkhuba uyefana.

Indlela ukuchaza ososayensi

izingongolo Khanyisa - ovamile kakhulu inguqulo halo - okubizwa ngokuthi mkhuba optical kokuvela ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile emhlabeni umthombo wokukhanya. Lapho uqala ukubona lesi simanga, kunzima ukukholelwa imvelo Lokudabuka - ngakho ukufana ngokucacile nge Searchlight imishayo.

Eqinisweni, ukukhanya kwelanga (noma inyanga) is wasithukuthelela kwakheka umoya ice zinhlayiya abonisa kuwo. Le ncazelo kakhulu elula, ichaza indlela ye ukubukeka lomkhuba, kodwa akusho ukucacisa izimo okuvela izingongolo ukukhanya, kungenzeka ngaphansi kwazo. Ake sihlole izimo lapho lokhu kwenzeka futhi ukuthi kusho.

izingongolo Khanyisa: kuphakama bona, kungani sibabona

Ngokuvamile kukhona efanayo imiphumela optical phakathi nenkathi ebandayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-ukuvela okuthunyelwe emkhathini woMhlaba engimbumbile ice zinhlayiya, kanye nelanga - kube ongaphakeme ngokwanele. Emazingeni aphansi ngaphansi kwesimo emoyeni kwakhiwa sebuningini olunezinhlangothi ice zinhlayiya abakwazi ukubonakalisa imisebe yokukhanya. Kodwa hhayi nesenzakalo into engavamile of nomphumela ofanayo, futhi zonyaka ezifudumele. Lokhu kungenzeka ngesikhathi lapho isibhakabhaka laligujwa Cirrus - basuke bakha columnar olunezinhlangothi ice zinhlayiya.

imisebe Solar noma kwenyanga breaking emkhathini ngesivinini esingaphezu kwezinkulungwane 300. Amakhilomitha ngesekhondi ubuso ice sisemoyeni zinhlayiya. Kuyinto leli qiniso eliyisisekelo for ukubukeka nokubingelela. Umdlalo yokukhanya nalaba izingcezu ice evumela ukuba bagcine lomkhuba umbukwane, kwakhiwa endaweni engamamitha angaba ngu-8 km.

Frost akhiwa ice zinhlayiya kakhulu ephansi nezingongolo kanjalo ukukhanya (isithombe okusesihlokweni esithi) kufanele wabuka abukhali kakhulu futhi zibukeke okucatshangelwayo kangcono. Umbukwane Kuyamangaza - enhle nejabulisayo.

lo mkhuba imfundo

Ososayensi baye baphawula eziningana ongakhetha ukwakheka nomphumela optical kuye ngesimo zinhlayiya nokuthola umthombo wokukhanya. izingongolo Khanyisa avele ngale ndlela:

• Uma zinhlayiya ice abe olunezinhlangothi Planar ukuma ke ekwindla bathatha ukuma ovundlile, le kwehlisa pillared bushelelezi ukuma imigqa. Kwathi nyá abandayo, benza njengoba ezindengezini, refracting ukukhanya ehlela phezu kwabo uvumelanise.
• Ukukhanya kubonakala yakha uhlobo lens, sintanta emoyeni, futhi idlule ugongolo enamandla.
• Yini zinhlayiya esasetshenziswa ekudaleni mphumela (flat noma columnar) kuncike ekutholeni ukukhanya kuleli qophelo. I-engeli isikhundla 6˚ emhlabathini - a iheksagoni flat. Uma ilanga kungaba i-engela 20˚ ke Amakholomu umbani ezakhiwe kwalungiswa izinkunga zokubona e zinhlayiya columnar.

Lo mkhuba umsuka yokufakelwa

Ngakho abandayo kanye nomswakama - lawa izingxenye eziyinhloko e okuvela izimo ezikahle ukuze kwakhiwe emkhathini woMhlaba ku okwesikhashana ice zinhlayiya, faceted ne izinhlangothi eziyisithupha. Zingase refract ukukhanya okuvela kwimithombo ehlukahlukene - esusela yasezulwini futhi emgwaqweni imoto izibani noma spotlight. Ukukhanya refracted kuzo, kumlethela umphumela ethize, okuyinto perpendicular phansi, ukushaya komoya omnandi elikhanyayo band. Izakhamuzi emadolobheni enyakatho bashumayela into ezingavamile, ogama lakhe - izinkuni ukukhanya.

Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba falling zinhlayiya flat Allen ebusika akusho shabalala endleleni eya phansi ngenxa lokushisa ezimbi futhi jikisa uhlobo inkungu obukhulu ukuthi zingabonisa ukukhanya ukwakha imithombo ezweni ezisekelwe nezingongolo ukukhanya, iyafana zemvelo. imisebe ezinjalo isikhathi eside, ngoba umthombo wokukhanya itholakala ngezansi.

Ngokungafani Northern Lights

Imvelo kulezi zinkanyezi ezimbili ezihlukene-optical. Auroras - mikhanyo umkhiqizo iziphepho geomagnetic, amandla kazibuthe iplanethi ishaqiswe "ipheshulwa" ka ama-solar wind. Is they, ehlasela Magnetosphere woMhlaba ukwenza kube ziyavutha efana nendlela eyenza ngayo isethi CRT ithelevishini. Ngokuvamile Borealis aurora livela umbala ogqamile Lilac Splashes ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba kwesibhakabhaka.

Lo mshini kumiswa imisebe yokukhanya ihlukile kakhulu, udidekile ngakho kulezi zinkanyezi optical akunakwenzeka.

Ezincwadini zethu ezibhekwa imbangela isimanga umphumela optical futhi izincazelo ezinikezwe lokho kusho izingongolo ukukhanya. Izithombe evezwa iphepha ukubonisa ubuhle into ezingavamile.