Analogue "chloramphenicol" sohudo (amaphilisi). "Chloramphenicol" (iso amaconsi) analogs

Abaningi bethu bayawazi izakhiwo izidakamizwa "Chloramphenicol", ngawo ungakwazi yini ukuyikhulisa kahle ababephethwe izifo ezihlukahlukene. Kuyinto eliphumelelayo izifo emathunjini ezithathelwanayo, kuhlanganise lezo ephelezelwa sohudo, kabanzi umkhuba amehlo e etiology webhaktheriya lesi sifo. Nokho, ngaso sonke isikhathi walungisiswa ukusetshenziswa kwalesi izidakamizwa, ngakho Udokotela angase anikeze isiguli i Analogue of "chloramphenicol". Kodwa onjani amathuluzi kungenziwa Kunconywa, zama ukuqonda.

izakhiwo kwemithi zomuthi "Chloramphenicol"

Lokhu-antibiotic kokuba spectrum ezibanzi yesenzo, ngenxa yayo izakhiwo fat-encibilikayo, lingena kalula ulwelwesi cell kwamagciwane futhi iphendula nge Ingqikithi ribosomes virus. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi imiphumela enjalo kuyinto ukuphazamiseka pepdidnyh izibopho ekuqeqesheni nasekuqondiseni amaprotheni zamagama. Ngakho, kubonakala sengathi esebenzayo izidakamizwa izidakamizwa has amagciwane futhi isenzo bacteriostatic.

"Chloramphenicol" iyasebenza ngokumelene zamagciwane eziningi ezincane eziphilayo lapho amelana tetracyclines, sulfonamides futhi penicillins. Kodwa ku lenyama pathogenic - sofuba Mycobacterium amakhowe - imithi, ngeshwa, akunamthelela.

Ukumelana le ndlela nezilwanyana ezincane eba kancane kakhulu. Ngenxa izici ezifana kanye ubuthi okusezingeni eliphezulu zomuthi asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezinzima ezithathelwanayo okuyiwona ube ubuthi kancane izidakamizwa elwa namagciwane ayizwakali.

Izinkomba ukusetshenziswa futhi ifomu ukukhululwa

Njengoba ithuluzi isetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningana imithi, osokhemisi baye zinakekelwe lula ukusetshenziswa futhi ithuthukiswe izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zomuthi. Okokuqala - isixazululo utshwala, okuyinto yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ongaphandle. It ezinqunyiwe ekwelapheni izilonda emithambo yegazi ukuthi musa ukuphulukisa okwesikhathi eside, kanye ukusha II no III ezingeni. Kaningi Kunconywa ikhambi ubovu Izilonda, amathumba aqhephukile izingono e nabancelisayo.

Izidakamizwa ngefomu ithebhulethi belulekwa ukuba uthathe iziguli ezinezifo ezifana uhudo, neparatyphoid ebangelwa, i-typhoid fever, brucellosis, salmonellosis, tularemia, ubuchopho ithumba, inyumoniya. izidakamizwa ngokulinganayo ngempumelelo yamafomu ezihlukahlukene Q imfiva, limfagranuleme inguinal, yersiniosis, psittacosis, biliary ipheshana izifo, ubovu peritonitis, chlamydia, ukonakala izilonda, ehrlichiosis, ubovu otitis kanye pheshana urinary izifo imvelaphi virus.

Ifomu wesithathu ejenti - eyedrops. Zisetshenziswa umkhuba amehlo ekwelapheni kanye nokuvinjelwa kwezifo ezifana keratitis, conjunctivitis, blepharitis.

Imiphumela engemihle amathuluzi

Lokhu ejenti kwemithi, kanye nezinye izidakamizwa, kodwa omuhle izakhiwo kwemithi enezinto eziningi side effects ezingase ezenzeka phakathi ukwelashwa.

Ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa e ifomu tablet kungadala dysbacteriosis, dyspepsia, ukuhlanza, isicanucanu, uhudo kanye ukucasuka we pharynx kanye ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Phendula yokwamukela kusho uhlelo may hematopoietic, esizibonakalisa ngesimo thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia, erythropenia, reticulocytopenia futhi leukopenia. Ngaphansi ngokuvamile, isiguli singase baba nesifo sokuntuleka kwegazi aplastic noma granulocytopenia. Kusukela kwemizwa uhlelo ukuphendula "Chloramphenicol" Tablets kungenzeka neuritis neuropathy, ukudideka, ukusangana ezibukwayo futhi sokuzwa, futhi lengqondo thuthuva al.

ukusabela ezingezinhle ukuba ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngefomu isixazululo kungaba njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile, obonakala njengenhlangano ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma angioedema.

Bezakhiwe Analogue izindlela

The main ingxenye esebenzayo zomuthi kuyinto chloramphenicol. Ngakho-ke, i-main kwesakhiwo Analogue "chloramphenicol" - umuthi enegama elifanayo "Chloramphenicol". Izinkomba ukusetshenziswa kwaso ncamashí nalabo abachazwe yokusetshenziswa "chloramphenicol" imiyalelo.

Ithuluzi ikhiqizwa amafomu ezintathu eziyinhloko. Okokuqala - amaphilisi kanye amaphilisi equkethe 0.25 futhi 0.5 g isimiso esebenzayo. Ifomu yesibili 25% amathonsi iso, eyesithathu - powder senzelwe isixazululo umjovo.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi, njengendlela yokuthola "Chloramphenicol" analogs equkethe chloramphenicol, kukhona imithi ebulala izinhlobonhlobo zamagciwane futhi kufanele inikezwe ngqo kudokotela. Ezimweni self-nokuphathwa leli qembu izidakamizwa kwandisa ingozi nemiphumela engathandeki yalawo maphilisi.

Izidakamizwa "Levovinizol"

Enye kwesakhiwo Analogue "chloramphenicol", okuyinto manje uthenge ekhemisi, eyaziwa ngaphansi kwegama ukuhweba "Levovinizol". Ngesisekelo inombolo ithuluzi esetshenziswa chloramphenicol futhi excipients. izidakamizwa Itholakala ngesimo aerosol, liniment, powder for nokulungisa kokuqendwa isixazululo kanye notshwala isixazululo.

Yabela izidakamizwa esebenzayo izifo ezihlukahlukene webhaktheriya isikhumba okubangelwa nezilwanyana ezincane singangena. Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa umuthi ukwelapha iziguli ezinegciwane ukusha ezijulile futhi eligcizelela ukubukeka kwangaphandle, ingcindezi izilonda, izilonda trophic, izilonda ukuphulukisa, amathumba, batuse nomuthi abesifazane lactating anezingoni aqhephukile.

Ngokungafani izidakamizwa "Chloramphenicol" analogue yesimanje isicelo ngokwezihloko, ikakhulukazi izidakamizwa "Levovinizol" babe uhlu olufushane side effects, ngakho Lingase lisetshenziselwe ekuphatheni izingane kusukela ekuzalweni.

Ngokuphathelene Izimo ke, futhi, hhayi okungaka. Esebenzisa ekuvimbeleni abantu hypersensitivity kuya izingxenye, okusithiyayo of umnkantsha hematopoiesis, kanye nalabo abaphethwe acute porphyria ngakanye, ukuntula glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, esingamahlalakhona kwezinso noma hepatic, psoriasis, izifo fungal we epidermis, eczema.

Kusho "sintomitsina"

Ukuzama siyixazulule umbuzo yini lesi sidakamizwa "Chloramphenicol" bomcondvofana kanye analogue, qiniseka ingasaphathwa nomuthi "sintomitsina". Lokhu ikhambi ngokuvamile ebekiwe iziguli ukusha elinegciwane 2-3rd kanzima okungezona ephulukisa izilonda trophic futhi izilonda ahlukahlukene.

Ngesikhathi inhliziyo zomuthi esetshenziswa kusho chloramphenicol. Njengoba izingxenye asizayo ukwakha umthamo owodwa ifomu kunodokotela wasebenzisa abavamile uwoyela imbewu ocolisekileyo, sorbic acid, amanzi nahlanza, emulsifier № 1 futhi carmellose sodium 70/450 "O".

Izidakamizwa "metronidazole"

Antiprotozoal kanye ejenti elwa namagciwane esetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene imithi. Wamiswa njengasezulwini protozoan izifo, izifo ngisho namalungu amathambo, futhi izifo besisu of omsakazo virus. Ikhishwa izidakamizwa asebenzayo umthamo amafomu ezine eziyinhloko: ngesimo ijeli yesitho sowesifazane sangasese, isixazululo ukumnika, suppositories kanye amaphilisi.

Lokhu Analogue 'chloramphenicol' sohudo kumele kusetshenziswe kuphela kadokotela, okuzokwenza ukuhlela inkambo zokwelapha kanye umthamo. Kungenjalo, ingozi ukusabela ezingezinhle yomzimba kwandisa kakhulu. Kulokhu, isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko lihlupheka, kanye neziguli esekhala amajaqamba, ubuhlungu bekhanda, ukukhathala, ukuqwasha, isiyezi, ukucasuka, ukozela, ataxia, ukudideka ngisho ngamaphupho nje la. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimele ngokuthatha izidakamizwa zingase zibe zimbi isimo lesiguli, gcizelela sohudo. Iphinde zingavela ukuhlanza, umuzwa wokuthanda ukoma emlonyeni, ukulahlekelwa ephelele ukudla nezinye izifo wokugaya ukudla. Ngakho-ke, njengendlela yokuthola "Chloramphenicol" yokusetshenziswa analogue incoma ukuthatha kuphela kadokotela. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuba ugweme engathandeki ohlangothini ukusabela ngokushesha ukubhekana nale nkinga ekhona.

Kusho "Ciprofloxacin"

Enye Analogue of "chloramphenicol" - amaphilisi "Ciprofloxacin". Lokhu imithi kuba nethonya elwa namagciwane kanye iyasebenza emagciwaneni izifo eziningi ohlelweni genitourinary kanye ipheshana emathunjini. Umthamo zomuthi kanti isikhathi course zokwelapha ibalwa ngamunye.

Lokhu imithi akuyona analog kwesakhiwo kusho "Chloramphenicol", kodwa izakhiwo kwemithi kulaba ababili izidakamizwa ezithi azifane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingase esetshenziselwa uhudo, kubangelwa nezilwanyana ezincane ezihlukahlukene pathogenic. Ngokuphathelene contraindication ukusebenzisa kwamaphilisi "Ciprofloxacin" ukuthi eziningi kubo. Okokuqala, akuvunyelwe nakancane imithi isetshenziswa ukwelapha izingane nentsha abangazange sebethole engu-nanhlanu. Okwesibili, it is hhayi Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ukuze abesifazane phakathi nokukhulelwa kanye lactation. Isizathu wukuthi Analogue of "chloramphenicol" kuyinto kummeleli quinolone imithi elwa namagciwane chungechunge, okungase buthelela amathambo uqwanga izicubu, abhubhise isakhiwo sabo. Futhi kuyingozi kakhulu ngoba imvuthuluka olusakhula esibelethweni kanye ingane, unina ophethwe kuyinto ibele.

Ama-antibiotic "Amoxicillin"

Enye izidakamizwa elwa namagciwane, eyabonakala ngokuphelele ngokwayo ekwelapheni izifo emathunjini ukuthi isifo sohudo, kuyindlela yokuthola "Amoxicillin". Njengoba imithi "Chloramphenicol" analogue ngakho kufanele asetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi izincomo wezokwelapha. Phela, inani elikhulu kwamaphilisi neminye imiphumela emibi. Ngakho-ke, sabele nesineke umenzeli elwa namagciwane, uchwepheshe sinquma hhayi kuphela umthamo zomuthi, kodwa futhi ukwethula imithetho ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Futhi kudingeka ukuthi afake yokwelapha eyinkimbinkimbi probiotics ezingasiza nokunciphisa umthelela omubi ejenti elwa namagciwane kanye nokugcina flora evamile emathunjini.

Analogs "chloramphenicol" izingane

Uma uhudo uqalile ku ingane, self - akulona ikhambi elingcono kakhulu lenkinga. Futhi ingasaphathwa ukusetshenziswa esizimele ejenti elwa namagciwane kanye akudingeki. Into yokuqala okufanele niyenze ukubona onguchwepheshe usizo. Udokotela zizodingida imvuthu, izobamba uchungechunge izifundo futhi zibeka ephephile yokwelapha kancane nesineke. Yiqiniso, uma kunqunywa ukuthi imbangela sohudo kuyinto isifo esibangelwe igciwane, ukuphathwa ngaphandle kwemithi elwa namagciwane akunakwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi lo dokotela ngeke akunikeze imithi nje "Chloramphenicol". Analogs izingane ekhethiwe ngokwendlela iqembu engu-isiguli, ngobucayi isifo, futhi ngokuhambisana ngabanye izici imvuthu (njengemithi yokungezwani komzimba nokuthile, ukungabekezelelani ukuba kunemithi noma amaphilisi owaphuzayo kanye izingxenye zawo, ukugula okungamahlalakhona, nokunye. D.).

Ngokuvamile ezimweni ezinjalo, zokwenziwa izidakamizwa "nifuroxazide," okubhekisele iqembu nitrofurans. Itholakala njengoba ifomu tablet futhi ekumisweni, lokhu Analogue "chloramphenicol." Izibhebhe kuvame elibekelwe abadala nezingane abasesikoleni, kodwa uketshezi ifomu kusho ukuthi ungakwazi ukunikeza imvuthu.

Kuka esikhundleni imithi zamehlo?

Uma ucabangela izakhiwo zomuthi "Chloramphenicol" futhi analogue yayo, akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi lokhu izidakamizwa elwa namagciwane kuza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene futhi ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningana imithi. Ngokwesibonelo, iso amaconsi kabanzi umkhuba ophthalmologic for ekwelapheni izifo ezibangelwa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. I-ejenti kungenziwa zaphathwa iziguli conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis, uveitis nezinye izifo.

Nokho, naphezu ngempumelelo ephezulu, izidakamizwa ayikwazi Kunconywa ukuba wonke, njengoba uhlu contraindications reception yayo inkulu ngokwanele. Ngokuhambisana ulwazi oluqukethwe yokusetshenziswa, le nomuthi akuvunyelwe nhlobo ukuba izingane nentsha engaphansi kwengu-18 abesifazane ubudala, abakhulelwe nabancelisayo. Iziguli izifo kohlelo hematopoietic, esingamahlalakhona kwezinso noma hepatic nezinye izifo letindzala futhi ayikwazi ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa "Chloramphenicol" (iso amaconsi). Labo equkethe izithako ephephile ezimweni ezinjalo - kuphela inketho efanele yokuxazulula le nkinga iyabheda. Kuye yobudala isiguli nokugasela ngamandla kwalesi sifo, udokotela angase atuse ukuba amathonsi ezifana "sulfacetamide", "Okomistin", "Normaks", "Floksal" nabanye.

Izidakamizwa "Albucidum"

Njengoba izidakamizwa "Chloramphenicol" (amaconsi), i-analogo "sulfacetamide" kuyinto nomuthi banezimfanelo umphumela bacteriostatic. Lesi sidakamizwa ezinqunyiwe iziguli - kungakhathaliseki ubudala -. Ngoba nokwelashwa ukuvuvukala izifo ezithathelwanayo iso ezifana keratitis, conjunctivitis, blepharitis, njll Into kuphela ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuba banake ngoba wukuthi for ekwelapheni izingane isetshenziswa 20% of the izidakamizwa ziyoncibilika , kodwa amaqembu eminyaka amadala libonisa 30%.

Uma sicabangela imiphumela engemihle engase zomuthi, ngokuvamile, zivele kakhulu kuyaqabukela futhi akazange zidinga ukwelashwa lingaze.

Yini odinga ukuyazi mayelana izidakamizwa "Chloramphenicol" futhi analogs yayo?

Imithi efanayo isakhiwo kuya izindlela "Chloramphenicol", kungasiko. Kodwa nakhu izidakamizwa ne ezifanayo izakhiwo kwemithi kwanela, futhi iyiphi ukukhetha - kumele ibekwe kuphela ngudokotela. Kuphela onguchwepheshe, osechithe uphethwe futhi ukucacisa ngobucayi isifo futhi omsakazo yayo, angase atuse ukuba isiguli okufikela kuyo izivakashi "Chloramphenicol".

Analogs (uhudo, isibonelo) ngesimo amaphilisi kanye nokumiswa, futhi, kufanele kuthathwe ngeseluleko udokotela, ngokucacile kulandela uhlelo nokushintsha kokudla nokufakwa. Lokhu kuyonciphisa ingozi nemiphumela engathandeki yalawo maphilisi.