Izimpawu COPD kanye nokwelashwa

COPD, noma ezingamahlalakhona obstructive isifo samaphaphu - isifo libhekene ukuphazamiseka ukudlula umoya yomoya othambekele ebangeni lelilandzelako nekunika ngokuba engelapheki. Ngakho kukhona umonakalo wamaphaphu izicubu ngu ukuchayeka izici sokugembula iyahlukahluka uketshezi of uketshezi bronchial, isikhwehlela iqala imikhiqizo nakakhulu. ukutheleleka Ephathelene kungabangela COPD exacerbation, okuyinto zaba zimbi uma isimo jikelele kahle negesi lokushintshisana emaphashini, eba nokuvaleka kwemigudu yokuphefumula.

Phakathi isikhathi eside obstructive isifo samaphaphu, intuthuko, nge izinkathi exacerbation. COPD, ukwelapha lesi sifo - umsebenzi onzima, ezidinga isikhathi. Lesi sifo bungaholela ekukhubazekeni, ukunciphisa ezempilo umzimba. I izimpawu zokwelashwa ezisemqoka dyspnea ku ukuzikhandla okuncane noma lapho esephumule, ukukhwehlela.

COPD - kuyinto eliyisambulela kuhlanganisa lezi zifo ezilandelayo: ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula obstructive, emphysema, ezingamahlalakhona yamaphaphu isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme yamaphaphu.

COPD omsakazo

Ngu ukubhema eside kubangela isifo, ehambisana nomsebenzi (umsebenzi ekukhiqizeni elihlobene ne-silicon ne-cadmium uthuli, usimende, umsebenzi ikheshi, ukuvuna amabele ukotini), izimo zezemvelo abampofu, yofuzo, antitrypsin ukuntula. Ngakho, COPD, ukwelashwa kwawo kuxhomeke kulokho imbangela yalesi sifo.
Ngaphansi kwethonya izici etiological zenzeka ukucasuka kwamaseli secretory kanye umkhiqizo wawanda ka isikhwehlela. Amabanga epithelium ciliated kuyaphazamiseka ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi isikhwehlela, umgudu isimiso kwenzeka emazingeni ehlukene. spasm bronchial, isikhwehlela ukuminyana sahlanganisa ukubusa ukuvuvukala. Ukuba buthaka kwezindlela imisipha zokuphefumula kuholela wamaphaphu airiness (gipreinflyatsii yamaphaphu).

ukubonakaliswa Clinical yesifo

Ngo ukucinana kwemithambo yomoya emaphashini, ukukhwehlela ne isikhwehlela. Ukukhwehlela zaba zimbi ngu imikhuhlane, izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ubovu isikhwehlela noma mucosa, zikhona izenzakalo zokudakwa, ongaphakeme-ebangeni imfiva. Ukuze ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula libhekene umgudu isimiso, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ekuthuthukiseni bronchospasm.

Ngo-emphysema kwenzeka wamaphaphu sokugembula ukunwetshwa, kukhona nje ngisahlose babo yanda kuyahlukahluka odongeni alveolar. Emphysema kungase kungagcini (ebalulekile) kanye ehlasela umzimba. Kulezi iziguli, esifubeni is zikhubazekile, ezuza umumo emgqonyeni, bakhathazeka kufushane njalo umoya. Imisipha ukuphefumula behileleka ngokwengeziwe, eshaywayo-zwi.

ukuphathwa COPD

, Ukuphathwa COPD nenjongo yayo ziyancipha ukuze ukuhlonza izimbangela zesifo. Uma kuwukuthi uyabhema, kuyatuseka ukuba bangayeki kulo mkhuba omubi. Kuyefana nasendleleni ehambisana nomsebenzi, kuyancomeka ukuba kukhawulwe esiphansi ukuxhumana uthuli. Kubalulekile ukuvimbela exacerbation lesi sifo, ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi umthamo, afeze yokwelapha abanekhono ngesikhathi exacerbation kanye nokwelashwa prophylactic in ukuthethelelwa, ukunciphisa ukufa kwezingane.
ukuphathwa COPD, isifo exacerbation stoped enquma bronchi ekwandiseni (bronchodilators). Lezi zihlanganisa amagama ahlobene of tiotropium (Spiriva, Atrovent), ephefumula imuncwe. reception osetshenziswayo noma ukumnika of glucocorticoids (prednisolone, dexamethasone) kokuba liphinyiselwe isinyathelo eqeda ukuvuvukala. Nxausiya ngempumuzo ifomu acute inhalable ngamalungiselelo ama-hormone.

Kubalulekile ukuthi i-okubi kakhulu of yisifo esibangwa ngu isifo esibangelwe igciwane, ukhombe antibiotic.

expectoration Lapho basebenzile aphoyintimenti kunilungele izidakamizwa mucolytic futhi expectorant.

Ithuthukisa izinga lempilo ukulapha mpilo (ephefumula umoya-mpilo-buso).

COPD Ukwelashwa amakhambi abantu kungagcini ukusetshenziswa amakhambi anomthelela ukudedelwa kangcono futhi thinning of isikhwehlela, ukuqinisa umzimba. Lezi amakhambi zihlanganisa licorice, Thyme, umama nosingamama, nabanye.