Izikhali Russian "Tornado": ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe

kweshumi Eminyakeni ethile, uhlelo "Grad" kwaba esinye sezikhali ezibulala emhlabeni. Alikho izwe emhlabeni akakwazanga ukumelana WaseRussia. Hlakulela lokhu kulungiselelwa wabuyiselwa ngo-1963. Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo MRL, kwaba "iSiphepho" futhi "Twister." Kodwa yathi chithi saka kuphela "Grad".

Isikhali "Tornado" kancane kancane kusukela mzuzu udaba (2012), esikhundleni esasisandulele. Sibonga amandla amaningi futhi ukucacisa ekubhujisweni. Qedela kabusha ku Russian Federation akukenzeki, kodwa kakade angaphandle zamabutho empi baye bazwakalisa isithakazelo sabo isikhali entsha.

Umlando MLRS

Uhlelo lokuqala amaningi iziqhumane angabhekwa isikhali Korean ukuthi inegama "hwacha". It kubhekwa "umzali" insiza yesimanje. Kwakukhona ngempela isikhathi eside - ekhulwini xv.

Kwaphela isikhathi eside emlandweni Isikhali esinamandla kangaka akuyona othola izinguquko ezinkulu. Kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX yasetshenziswa projectiles unguided. Ayeyisizwe rocket powder. Njengoba yayisetshenziswa ezimpini eziningi, kuhlanganise e-Copenhagen.

EU.SSR uvalwe wahlanganyela nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo esisheshayo. Kakade ngo-1927, ezinye izilungiselelo afakwe inkonzo imikhumbi. It yadalwa eminyakeni emithathu (obe yimpumelelo) imodeli BM-13. Lokhu MRL ngokuthi "Katyusha" Abantu ezaziwayo.

ukusabalala kwaba "Grad" Ngemva impi. Uhlelo liye laziwa kabanzi ngemva kokuphindela eSoviet Union esetshenziswa ukungqubuzana yayo nge China.

Kwandulelwe "Tornado" - "Grad"

Ngokokuqala ngqá, kwaba sobala ukuthi anamandla kangakanani izibhamu "Grad", ngemva kokuhlola phezu esiqhingini Sino-Soviet. Khona-ke kwaba khona ukuphikisana ngo-1969 phakathi amasevisi emngceleni wama China ne-Soviet Union. Ngemva isibhamu ambalwa kwendawo liphenduke insimu walima. Ngokusho imibiko mlando, kuleso simo, kwashiya abantu abangaphezu kuka-3 ayizinkulungwane. IsiShayina. Akekho nalabo ababezama ukufaka enhlonhlweni Soviet (okuyinto namanje sekudlule phakathi kwelifa loonyana PRC), wasala uyaphila.

Ngo inkonzo Russian Federation "Grad" Ngama iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40, futhi, njengoba sazi, konke has a ethile "ukuphila eshalofini." Engakabi yayo ezweni babona "Smerch" izinhlelo ezintsha kanye "ISiphepho." indawo yabo isikhali entsha Russia - "Tornado".

Ukubukeka izikhali "Tornado" in the Russian Federation

Ukuhlolelwa igciwane lesandulela ngculazi lokuqala izikhali kwenzeka ngo-2011, okuyi-25 ngenyanga yokuqala inkathi yasekwindla. On vivinyo babe abameleli zamabutho empi lamazwe ezifana Russia naseKazakhstan. Ngokusho imiphumela, kwaba sobala ukuthi eyandulela wakhe "Grad", le imodeli kwenza ikhefu ngasendleleni. izikhali Russian "Tornado" unamandla amakhulu sokudubula, ukunemba ngcono hits, indawo ngesimo sendawo, ububanzi kanye nokunemba shot, nokunye. D. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yona ifakwe isiphuphutheki waseklasini ekhethekile. Siyabonga kuye, ematfuba miss kakhulu ziyancipha.

izici Minor "Tornado-S"

Ngokungafani "Tornado" isibonelo, "ngokwezwi Tornado-S" ine ezahlukene eyengeziwe, okuyinto kathathu ephakeme kunaleyo ukufakwa kuqala. Ngenxa uhlelo evumela ukuthi wena ukulawula indiza nangomcibisholo, ukubeka okhazinyulisiwe Inani elincane lama-ageje. Amagobolondolo oveza izikhali "Tornado-S" kungaba onobuhle ezahlukene: ezuziwe, eziyingozi, izimayini, UPS (yabo ingafani ukuthi azibhubhise). Ngenxa yalokhu, le MRL kungaba yindlela enhle umzuzwana ukuqeda isitha. Nokho, kubiza eqolo. Ngo-2012, isamba "Tornado-S" lidlule ruble ayizigidi ezingu-35.

Ukudalwa "Tornado-G"

Isikhali "Tornado-G" lakhiwe okwesikhathi eside. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-90s. Lokhu MRL ngisho ihlolwe ngokudubula umkhuba kwelinye lamadolobha Russian.

Ngo-2011, wangenela oda isimo nokulethwa imishini 36. Izindleko Imininingwane Imali ilinganiselwa ngaphezulu kuka 1 Mrad ruble. Kodwa lesi sicelo asizange sigcwaliseke. Iqiniso lokuthi leli imodeli, eqinisweni, kuyinto ukuguqulwa "Grad" izinhlelo. Ngenxa yalokho, bamukela "Tornado-G" ayizange yamukelwe. Uhulumeni waseRussia uye olubukeziwe isinqumo sayo ngo-2012, ngakho-supply ubuningi efanayo izikhali laqedwa ngo-2013. Bayobe babelwe ngoxhaxha isimo.

Ukucaciswa "Tornado-G"

Isikhali "Tornado-G" kuyinto komzila esikhiphekayo. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukusebenzisa amagobolondo of calibers ezahlukene. Nokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi sici itholakala kuphela uma chassis izosetshenziselwa, esimelela kwi "iSiphepho". uhlelo cooldown zokhahlamba kusuka imizuzu 3 kuya ku-7.

I gumbi has yakamuva lawula ukusekela ngokulondoloza uhlelo bese uholwe nqubo yokushisa. Ngenxa leli sosha akanayo ukusebenzisa amasu kuhlasela ezazikhuluma phakathi "Castle".

Ukunemba MLRS "Tornado"

Njengoba kulindelekile, "Tornado" kokudubula isikhali Russia usebenzisa projectiles unguided ngesimo rocket. Lokhu ephumelelisa umphumela esiphezulu - kulula ukuyisebenzisa, eziphansi kanye esikalini ukubhujiswa enkulu.

Nge izikhali marksmanship awunankinga. Kukhona ukubekezelelana - 100 km ibanga ukushelela kuvunyelwe 200 m in the "Tornado-G" iphuzu etholakalayo uhlelo ukulungiswa .. Isetshenziselwa uma ufuna ukuya into ethile (ithangi, abasebenzi nokunye. D.). Ukushintsha trajectory kungenxa ukusetshenziswa satellite navigation futhi UAVs.

ikhono lobubhalo izingalo

Ngemva shot kanzima ngokwanele ukuba kufihle MRL, ikhumbula amandla "Tornado". izikhali okusha Russia, ngokulandelana, kumelwe akwazi ukuzizwela ngokwakhe kuphunywe ngokushesha futhi ukuhamba. Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo sextant, okuyinto esetshenziswa lapha, inikeza ukunemba ethuthukisiwe, isikhali iqhubeke ngisho nangaphambi okwamanje kweminsalo Usufike umgomo. Umdlandla ukuqalisa phansi kungadingeki, 100%. I chassis, okuyinto unqamule izwe ivumela "Tornado" ukuhamba ithrekhi ngesivinini afika ku 85 km / h.

Inhlobo "Tornado," futhi osezingeni amagobolondo

Enkonzweni ne Russian Federation kufanele kuphela "Tornado-G". asetshenziswa Calibre projectiles, kuba 122 mm. kukhona nezinye izinkomba e kweminye imihlobo. Ngaphezu version "G" yadalwa imishini onenkomba "S" futhi "U". I diameters ka kweminsalo 300 kanye 220 mm, ngokulandelana. Ziyakwazi kokudubula njengoba amagobolondo "bomdabu", njengoba ukushintshwa "iSiphepho" (Y), futhi "Smerch" (C), futhi ekhethekile. Lesi sakamuva babe uhla Inkomba kabili yasekuqaleni.