Tu-154M omunye Poletayev

Passenger airliner Tu-154, futhi yaba ethandwa kakhulu eSoviet Union jet, wazalwa isikhundla Il-18 futhi u-An-10, okuyinto sixties ekhulu lokuqala ayenomoya wokungenisa ngesisekelo ngoxhaxha izindiza, Aeroflot. Kudingeka entsha, ngaphezulu ngesivinini esikhulu, imoto ukonga futhi ukhululekile, abanye ezifana American Boeing 727.

Inkulumo efanayo nezimfuneko zomsebenzi wabizela futhi amacebo afanayo - monoplane ongaphakeme nge ishanelwe-iphiko, umsila stabilizers we motor ikheshi futhi ezintathu, eyodwa emaphakathi kanye ezimbili esishunyekiwe isigxobo amabhrakhethi ezinhlangothini fuselage labaqaphi elingemuva.

Ngo-1968, i-Tu-154 wathatha lifika esibhakabhakeni. Ngemva kweminyaka emine, ngo-1972, waqala ukusebenza commercial emzileni eMoscow-Mineralnye Vody.

Okokuqala Ukuguqulwa ngokuthi Tu-154 A. ngcono ngokuyinhloko ukufaka izinjini NK-2-Y - kukhona eyingozi kakhulu kunalokho obekucatshangwa e samuntu sokuqala.

Kusukela ngo-1976, liner ilungisiwe futhi, kulokhu izinguquko ebezinkulu, baye zabhekana kanye nokukhanda iphiko, futhi egumbini umgibeli, futhi on-ebhodini imishini. Kulesi ifomu indiza waziwa ngokuthi Tu-154 futhi banyathelisa kuze 1981. Nakuba ekuqaleni okuphakanyiswe kabusha ku Tu-164, kuye kwaba semqoka kangaka ukuthuthuka kokwakhiwa. Lapho ukukhishwa okuhleliwe ukulungisa izindiza ngaphambili retooled ezingeni lobuchwepheshe ukuguqulwa odlule.

Nokho, izingcindezi eyenga ku glider baqhubeka ochwepheshe eyanelisayo izinsizakalo izindiza. Phakathi ngamunye izindiza kusukela bezinhlamvu isipikili wawa, kuye kwadingeka ukuba abuyiselwe. Lokhu kusimo, kanye nezinye izinkinga iqhubeka phakathi main wesithathu (kodwa sekube engaphezu kwemibili kweshumi) ukuguqulwa.

Ngo-1984 wathola iziqu umsebenzi ekudalweni kwendoda nowesifazane Tu-154. Lezi liner phezu kwabangamakhulu amathathu ezakhiwa. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka indiza enkulu. Isibalo abagibeli liye landa abantu 180, futhi umkhumbi nokwethenjelwa ngcono kakhulu. Ubufakazi "ubungqabavu" indiza ezimweni ezinzima ukufika masterfully wabulawelwa i airfield ishiywe ngasemzini Ukhta ngo-2010, lapho abashayeli bezindiza wakwazi ekusindiseni ukuphila abagibeli ukwenqaba egcwele i kagesi ugibelile. I Tu-154 elibuyiselwe ukusebenza kwawo kwaqhubeka.

Inhlekelele ka kokuphahlazeka kwendiza kamongameli Air Force of Poland Nokho, e Smolensk, okwenzeka ngonyaka ofanayo, emenza ukukhuluma mayelana kungathembeki bezindiza zokukhiqiza Soviet, kwenziwe uphenyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kubangelwa ukuthi baphoqe umshayeli yomhlaba uma isimo sezulu sisibi, lapho bonke lamadolobha esimanjemanje kakhulu, liner eyayiyoholela ngokwabo mayelana efanayo.

Ngokuvamile, kunenkolelo yokuthi impilo inkonzo Tu-154M kuyivumela ukuba ngikhonze njengephayona engxenyeni yesine yekhulu leminyaka noma uhlale emoyeni amahora yizinkulungwane eziyishumi nanhlanu kuphela. Cruising ophahleni kuyibanga elingaphezulu kwamakhilomitha angu-12, kanye nesivinini - 900 km / h. Esikhathini ifa izindiza eziningi Russian kanye nezindiza ezinemishini yokuthwebula ephambili phesheya, ezenziwe kahle futhi ongenza umgibeli kungenziwa ngcono, ifakwe Avionics digital, futhi ngisho nangemva ezinye intuthuko e ukusetshenziswa njengendlela uphethiloli kuncibilike igesi yemvelo. Njengoba nineties ngasekupheleni Bureau okuthiwa. AN Tupolev inikeza ukwenza umsebenzi ukunweba ukuphila inkonzo futhi belethe Tu-154 kuya ezingeni izidingo zanamuhla for izindiza. Amakhasimende kufanele.