Iyini i-orbit yomhlaba? Ingabe iplanethi ingahle ivele e-orbit? Kwenzekani uma iplanethi isuka e-orbit?

Uyazi ukuthi i-orbit yendiza iyini? I-Geography (iBanga 6) yasinika umqondo wesakhiwo se-solar system, kodwa abaningi babengaqondi ukuthi yini, ukuthi yini edingekayo nokuthi kwenzekani uma iplanethi ishintsha indlela yayo.

Umqondo we-orbit

Ngakho, yikuphi ukuzungeza kweplanethi? Incazelo elula ukuthi i-orbit yindlela yomzimba ezungeze i-Sun. I-gravitation ibangela umzimba we- cosmic ukuba uhambisane ngamunye
Ngokufanayo nxazonke zenkanyezi unyaka nonyaka, kusukela eminyakeni eyisigidi kuya kwezigidi ezilandelayo. Ngokwesilinganiso, amaplanethi ane-orbit ellipsoidal. Isondlo saso sisondela kumbuthano,
Ukuzinza kakhulu isimo sezulu emhlabeni.

Izici eziyinhloko ze-orbit yinkathi yokuguqulwa kanye ne-radius. Irejista elinguyo yizinga elilinganiselwe phakathi kwenani elincane le-orbit ububanzi futhi
Okuphezulu. Inkathi yokusabalalisa yilezikhathi ezidingekayo emzimbeni wasezulwini ukuze zizungeze ngokuphelele inkanyezi.
Ibanga elihlukanisa inkanyezi nesiplanethi, isikhathi esikhulu sokuguqulwa, ngoba umthelela wenkinga yenkanyezi emaphethelweni wesistimu ubuthakathaka kakhulu kunesikhungo saso.

Njengoba kungekho-orbit engekho kungaba yinkimbinkimbi, phakathi nonyaka weplanethi iplanethi isendaweni ehlukile kusuka kwenkanyezi. Indawo lapho
Iplanethi iseduze nenkanyezi, kuyisiko ukuyibiza ngokuthi i-periastron. Iphuzu, ekude kunenkanyezi, ngokuphambene nalokho, kuthiwa ngumphostoli. Ukuze uhlelo lwelanga, lokhu kungukuthi
Perihelion kanye ne-aphelion, ngokulandelana.

Izakhi ze-orbital

Kuyini ukuzungeza kweplanethi, kuyaqondakala. Yiziphi izakhi zalo? Kunezici eziningana ngokuvamile ezibekwe eceleni kwe-orbit. Kungenxa yale migomo ukuthi ososayensi banquma uhlobo lwe-orbit, izici zokuhamba kweplanethi kanye neminye imingcele engabalulekile kumuntu ovamile.

• U-Eccentricity. Lokhu kuyinkomba esiza ukuqonda ukuthi ubude beplanethi bubekwe kangakanani. I-lowering the eccentricity, ukujula ngokwengeziwe ukuma kwe-orbit, ngenkathi umzimba wasezulwini onokuphakama okuphezulu uhamba ngokuzungeza inkanyezi eceleni kwe-ellipse enamandla kakhulu. Amaplanethi wesistimu elangazungezile aneminyango ephansi ngokweqile, ekhombisa izindlela zabo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ku-comets, ukungena okungavamile okungokwemvelo kuyisici.
• I-semimajor axis. Kubalwa kusuka eplanethi kuze kube sezingeni elilinganiselwe ingxenye yendlela ehamba ngayo. Lokhu akufani ne-apastron, ngoba inkanyezi ayikho phakathi kwe-orbit, kodwa kwenye ye-foci yayo.
• Ukuthambekela. Kulezi zibalo, i-orbit yendiza yindiza ethile. Ipharamitha yesibili yiyona indiza eyisisekelo, okungukuthi, i-orbit yomzimba othile kwisistimu ye-stellar noma ithathwe ngokujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke ohlelweni lwelanga isisekelo sibhekwa njengokungqubuzana komhlaba, ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi i-ecliptic. Mayelana namaplanethi ezinye izinkanyezi, kuyisiko ukucabangela ukuthi indiza ilele emgqeni wokubuka kusukela eMhlabeni. Esikhathini sethu, cishe zonke izindlela zokuhamba zikhona endizeni ye-ecliptic. Noma kunjalo, ama-comet kanye nezinye izidumbu zihamba ngendlela ephakeme kuyo.

Imibukiso yesistimu yelanga

Ngakho, ukuphendukela inkanyezi yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-orbit yendiza. Esikhathini sohlelo lwethu lwezangazungezilanga, izindlela ezihamba kuzo zonke amaplanethi ziqondiswa ngendlela efanayo
I-Sun iyashintsha. Le ntshukumo ichazwa ngombono wemvelaphi yendawo yonke: emva kokuba i-Big Bang pratoplasma igxile ekuqondeni owodwa, izinto ezinenkambo
Isikhathi siphendulelwe, kodwa ukunyakaza kwabo akuzange kushintshe.

Emkhatsini we-axis uqobo weplanethi uhambela njengokujikeleza kwelanga. Okuwukuphela kwalokho okukhona ku-Venus no-Uranus, okujikelezayo eduze kwe-axis yabo
Imodi yayo eyingqayizivele. Mhlawumbe lapho bevulelwe izidalwa zasezulwini, okwakushintsha indlela yokujikeleza kwabo ezungeze i-axis yabo.

Isiza sokuhamba esimisweni sobusuku

Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, imijikelezo yamaplanethi ohlelweni lwelanga aseduze nendiza eyodwa, eduze nezindiza zomjikelezo womhlaba. Ukwazi ukuthi umjikelezo weplanethi uwuphi,
Singacabanga ukuthi isizathu sokuthi kungani amaplanethi ashukuthela ngaphakathi kwezindiza ezifanayo cishe kungenzeka: uma nje into ekhona manje
Ukubambisana kwazo zonke izidumbu esesimisweni selanga, kwakuyifu elilodwa futhi lijikeleze eduze kwe-axis ngaphansi kwethonya lokuvuthwa kwangaphandle. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, into
Ihlukaniswe ibe yilapho i-Sun eyakhelwe khona, futhi leyo eyisikhathi eside yayidiski ethuli ejikeleza isibonakaliso. Uthuli lwaqala kancane kancane
Amaplanethi, kanye nokuqondisa kokujikeleza kuyahlala okufanayo.

Ama-orbits amanye amaplanethi

Kunzima ukuphikisana ngalesi sihloko. Iqiniso liwukuthi siyazi ukuthi umjikelezo weplanethi uwuphi, kodwa kuze kube maduzane sasingazi ukuthi kukhona yini amaplanethi kwezinye izinkanyezi nhlobo.
Kuphela nje, besebenzisa imishini yakamuva nezindlela zesimanje zokubona, ososayensi bakwazi ukubala ukuba khona kwamaplanethi kusuka kwezinye izinkanyezi. Amaplanethi anjalo abizwa
Ama-Exoplanets. Naphezu kwamandla amanga emishini yanamuhla, kuphela ama-exoplanets ambalwa athunjwa noma abonwayo, futhi ukubuka kwabo kwamangala
Ososayensi.

Iqiniso liwukuthi la maplanethi ambalwa abonakala engaqapheli ngokuphelele ukuthi yikuphi ukujikeleza kweplanethi. I-Geography ithi zonke izidumbu zihamba ngokuhamba phambili
Imithetho. Kodwa kubonakala sengathi imithetho yesistimu yethu ayisebenzi kwezinye izinkanyezi. Lapho, eduze kwenkanyezi kwakukhona amaplanethi anjalo, okwakubonakala sengathi asosayensi, angakwazi
Kukhona kuphela emaphethelweni wesistimu. Futhi la maplanethi aziphatha ngokuhlukile kunalokho okufanele aziphatha ngokuvumelana nokubala: abuye ajikeleze ngendlela engafanele
Ohlangothini lwenkanyezi yabo, nezindlela zabo zokuhamba zihlala ezindizeni ezihlukene futhi zinezindlela ezixubile kakhulu.

Ukuma okungazelelwe kwephasi

Eqinisweni, ukuyeka okungazelelwe, okungavumelani kokujikeleza komhlaba akulula . Kodwa asho ukuthi kwenzekile.

Naphezu kokuyeka umzimba wonke, izakhi zawo azikwazi ukuyeka futhi. Ngakho, i-magma kanye nenhloko izoqhubeka nokunyakaza kwabo nge-inertia. Kuze kube yize
Yeka ukugcwala konke komhlaba kuzoba nesikhathi sokuguqula izikhathi eziningi, ukuphula ngokuphelele isikhala somhlaba. Lokhu kuzobangela ukukhululwa okusheshayo kwesamba esikhulu se-lava, esikhulu
Amaphutha nokuvela kwezintaba-mlilo ezindaweni ezingalindelekile kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, cishe masinyane eMhlabeni, ukuphila kuzophela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho noma ungayeka ngokushesha futhi "ukugxilisa", kusekhona isimo. Kuzoqhubeka nokujikeleza okungenamandla. Futhi lesi sejubane siba ngu-500 m / s.
Le "moya" onjalo uyosusa bonke abaphilayo nabangenalutho ebusweni, bephethe umkhathi ngokwawo kwiCosmos.

Ukuyeka kancane kokujikeleza

Uma ukujikeleza okuzungeza i-axis yayo kungapheli ngokuzumayo, kodwa isikhathi eside, kunethuba elincane lokusinda. Ngenxa yokunyamalala
Amandla e-centrifugal, olwandle luzogijimela ezigodini, ngenkathi umhlaba uzoba e-equator. Kulesi simo, usuku luzolingana nonyaka, futhi ushintsho lwezinkathi zonyaka luzohambisana nesikhathi sosuku: ekuseni - entwasahlobo, ngosuku - ehlobo, njll. Umbuso wokushisa uzoba obi kakhulu, ngoba akukho olwandle noma ukunyakaza komkhathi okuyokwenza kube lula.

Kwenzekani uma uMhlaba wehla kusuka ku-orbit?

Enye inhleko: kwenzekani uma iplanethi iphuma kusuka e-orbit? Vele uye kwenye kwenye i-orbit iplanethi ayikwazi. Ngakho, kwasiza ukwenza lokhu kuhlangane nomunye umzimba wasezulwini. Kulokhu, ukuqhuma okukhulu kuzobhubhisa konke nonke.

Uma sicabanga ukuthi leli phlanethi limane limile emkhathini, liyeka ukujikeleza nxazonke kweSanga, okulandelayo kuzokwenzeka. Ngaphansi kwethonya leSanga, iplanethi yethu izoya kuyo. Catch up, ngeke, ngoba ilanga, futhi, alimi endaweni eyodwa. Kodwa izovunguza ngokushelela ngokwanele kusukela elangeni, ukuze umoya welanga ubhubhise umkhathi, uchithe wonke umswakama futhi ushise wonke umhlaba. Ibhola lokushisa elingenalutho lizoqhubekela phambili. Sekufinyelele emithambekeni yeeplanethi ezikude, uMhlaba uzothinta ukuhamba kwawo. Kanye eduze kwamaplanethi amakhulu, uMhlaba cishe uzoqhekeka zibe izingcezu ezincane.

Lezi zimo zezenzakalo ezenzekayo lapho uMhlaba uyeka. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi embuzweni othi "ingabe iplanethi ingahamba emjikelezweni" iphendula ngokungaqondile: cha. Kungaphezulu noma ngaphansi
Ngaphansi kokuphumelela okungaphansi kuka-4.5 billion iminyaka, futhi esikhathini esizayo esingabonakali akukho lutho olukuvimbela ukuba lungasinda njengoba ...