Iyini i-helicopter esheshayo? Isivinini sezindiza

Ama-helicopter ezweni lanamuhla abaluleke kakhulu. Futhi hhayi kuphela emkhakheni wezempi, kodwa nasemnothweni kazwelonke: ukuthutha kwezimpahla, ukuthutha abantu ukuya ezintweni ezikude, lapho izimoto ezivamile zingenakufinyelelwa khona. Futhi izindiza zezindiza zisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa nokufakwa kwezikhungo ezinkulu. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo umbuzo uyathakazelisa, kodwa i-helicopter iyahamba ngejubane lini? Futhi yiziphi i-helicopter ezisheshayo?

Ka-50

I-helicopter "Black Shark" ithola iso lakho ngokushesha. Futhi kulokhu akusizi nje kuphela ukubukeka okungavamile, kodwa futhi nezilonda ezixhasayo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili. Futhi babulawa ngokusho kwe-coaxial scheme. Ngenxa yalokhu, izikrini zitholakala ngaphezulu kwesinye, futhi ukujikeleza kwazo kwenzeka ngezindlela ezihlukile.

Lolu hlelo lwavumela abaqambi bomshini ukuba balahle umsila womsila. Ukuntuleka kwe-screw screw kuvunyelwe ukwandisa ukuthembeka komshini ezimweni zokulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-scheme-screw scheme yenza kube lula ukunciphisa indawo yezikhwele eziphethe.

Lolu hlelo lwandise ukuhamba komshini. Ngaphezu kokukwazi ukuhamba ngasemuva nangemuva ngokusheshisa okufika ku-100 km / h, imoto yokulwa ikwazi ukwenza i-aerobatics - "i-loop efile" ne "imishini yokulwa".

Ngaphandle kwezici zezindiza ezinhle kakhulu ukuthi le helikopta inayo, ijubane le "Black Shark" lidlula u-400 km / h!

I-ka-52

Izici eziphawulekayo azizange zivimbele iqiniso lokuthi ngo-2009 ukukhiqizwa kwe-Ka-50 kwaqedwa. Iphuzu eliyinhloko yokwenza leso sinqumo kwakuwukugxeka kwesikimu esisodwa. Ngokusekelwe ku "Black Shark" kunqunywe ukuthuthukisa ukulungiswa kwezihlalo ezimbili - Ka-52.

Lesi sinqumo senziwe ngenxa yokuthi i-helicopter ifake iqoqo lezinto zokubheka ukukhanya nokukhanya kwe-optical-electronics.

Kwakungenxa yokuphathwa kwalesi sinkimbinkimbi okwakudingeka ilungu lesibili labaqeqeshiwe. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, i-cabin ye-helicopter yavuselelwa kabusha. Manje elinye ilungu leqembu labekwe eceleni komshayeli wemoto yokulwa, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ijubane le-helicopter laliphindwe izikhathi ezine ngaphezu kwejubane lokuhamba kwemoto.

Ukulwa nendiza ye-helicopter Mi-28N "Night Hunter"

I- helicopter ezithakazelisayo ngaphansi kwesiteketiso "Night Hunter" nayo iyathakazelisa. Lona ukuhlaselwa kwe-helicopter i-MI-28N.

Imisebenzi eyinhloko lo mshini ongakwenza:

• Ukusekelwa komlilo kwamandla omhlaba.
• Ukulwa namathangi esitha.
• Ukwesekwa komlilo ngokuxhuma nokuhlaselwa.
• Ukubhujiswa kwamandla angaphandle.
• Ukubhujiswa kwezinhloso eziphansi ezindizayo ezindizayo.

Lona uhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi le helikopta engayenza. Ijubane layo lifinyelela ku-300 km / h. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isivinini sokuhamba ngesivinini singama-265 km / h.

Kule nguqulo yokuthumela, le imoto yokulwa ine-MI-28NE inkomba ethi "Night Hunter". Futhi ngalolu msebenzi i-helicopter yaba nesimanje esijulile:

• Ukulinganisa nge-avionics entsha.
• Ukuba khona kwamadivayisi wombono ebusuku.
• Kubuyekezwe amathuluzi wokuzula.

Le nguqulo ebuyekeziwe ibizwa ngokuthi i-Mi-35. Manje une-electronic revolutionary e-board electronics, ehlangene ne-BREO-28. Ubuchopho benkimbinkimbi yi-computer ezimbili eziphindiwe "Baguette-53-15".

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zemishini entsha:

1. Idivayisi ifakwe izinzwa eziningi, ezenza kube lula ukuhlola, kufaka phakathi nezimo zasebusuku.
2. Umphumela uboniswa ngesimo sezinkomba ze-multifunction.
3. Ikuvumela ukuxazulula inkinga yokuhlosisa kokubili emini nasebusuku nangaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezihlukahlukene.

Ukuthola izici eziphezulu zokusebenza, okusho ukuthi, ngokuzenzakalelayo, kuvumela ukwenza izibalo ze-aerobatics, i- Mi-28N "Night Hunter" ihlanganisiwe eqenjini eliyinkimbinkimbi ye-helicopter aerobatic "Berkut".

I-helicopter yama-24

I-Mi-24 ekuboneni kuqala ibonakala isindayo futhi ingabonakali. Kodwa nokho, le helikopta yahlolwa ngesikhathi sezempi e-Afrika. Futhi e-Afghanistan, lo mshini wokulwa waba uphawu lwalo msebenzi wezempi.

Ekusetshenzisweni kokulwa, lokhu kuyi-helicopter esheshayo ngokushesha. Isivinini esingasifinyelela singama-335 km / h. Ngabasebenzi ababili, nge-rotor ene-17.5 m ububanzi, ijubane lokuhamba liyi-270 km / h. Ngedatha enjalo, i-Mi-24 ingabalwa ngokuphepha njengenye yezinqola zokulwa eziqine kakhulu.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi i-helicopter yamukelwa ngo-1970 futhi yakhiwa ngokwesiko lesi-classic single screw scheme. Ukufaka isikulufa-ama-blade amahlanu, anezinti ezintathu. Futhi umsizi wesibhamu unesithathu.

Abaqambi babeziqaphele ngokukhethekile ukulwa nokulwa kwenqola yezindiza. Kulokhu, ngaphezu kokubhuka i-cab ne-engine hoods, uma enye yezinjini ibonakalisiwe, ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-injini yesibili kwimodi yokukhipha inikeziwe.

Kusukela ngo-1970 kuya ku-1989, imishini enjalo engu-2570 yayikwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ngaphandle kwemkhankaso wezempi e-Afghanistan, le nqola yezindiza yakwazi ukuzibonakalisa kuzo zonke izingxabano zaseCherchen. Futhi nasendaweni njengendawo ye-CIS (e-Nagorno-Karabakh nase-South Ossetia), nakwamanye amazwe. Abakwa-Mi-24 bahlanganyela ekusebenzeni eYugoslavia naseSierra Leone, lapho baqaphela khona ukuthi i-helicopter yayindiza ngesivinini esingaba ngu-340 km / h.

"I-Black Hawk"

Ngokwejubane le-Sikorsky UH-60 "Black Hawk" ("Black Hawk") lihamba kancane kuneMi-24.

Ngo-1976, kwahlolwa izivivinyo, kanti i-US Army yakhetha iSikorsky ukuba inikeze lezi zindiza ngezinsizakalo. Kwabekwa u-83.4 wezigidi zamaRandi ukukhiqizwa kwemishini yokuqala engu-15 ye-UH-60 series Black Hawk.

Ngesisekelo se-UH-60, ukuthuthukiswa kochungechunge lonke lwezinqola zezindiza ngezinhloso ezehlukene. Kwaqala ukusebenza ne-US Army, ukufaka esikhundleni se-helicopter Bell UH-1. Ukuguqulwa okungafani kwaleli helicopter akuhambisani nezidingo zebutho kuphela, kodwa futhi kuthunyelwa emazweni angu-21.

Izimpawu zezindiza zivunyelwe ukwandisa ijubane lokushayela indiza. Ngejubane lokuhamba ngezinyawo elingama-282 km / h, isivinini esikhulu esivumelekile se "Hawk" singafinyelela ku-361 km / h, sicabangela ububanzi obusebenzayo be-helicopter 584 km.

"U-Hawk" uthole uhlelo lwawo lokusebenza kokubili ngezinhloso zokulwa nasemisebenzini yokucinga nokusindisa. E-US Army, isetshenziswe njenge-helicopter yabasebenzi.

Izindiza zezindiza ezikhethekile

Manje eRussia iqala ukuthuthukisa nezindiza ezincane. Ngakho-ke, eVladivostok, ama-helicopter e-Eurocopter AS-350B3e athengwa ngezidingo zezindiza zezokwelapha.

Imishini entsha yokuthuthwa kwendle yasungulwa:

• Defibrillator;
• Idivaysi yomoya wokufakelwa kwamaphaphu;
• Ipompo lokumnika;
• I-aspirator kagesi.

Futhi, izimoto zokukhulula zihlonywe ngamathayi ezokuthutha futhi zihlonywe ngabathengisi.

Isivinini se-helicopter singama-240 km / h futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo singakwazi ukuhamba amahora angu-4 esiteshini esisodwa segesi, esikuvumela ukuba sinqobe ibanga ukusuka komunye umkhawulo kuya komunye ngaphansi kwemibandela.

WestlandLynx

Imishini yaseBrithani eyenziwa iWestlandLynx, noma i- "Lynx", nayo yavela ohlwini njengenhlangano yezindiza ehamba phambili kakhulu. Futhi lapha kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lapho imoto iqala ukufika e-airspace ngo-1971, ijubane elijwayelekile laliyi-260 km / h.

Futhi ngo-1986 inqola yezindiza yayisenesikhathi samanje, ngesikhathi lapho injini yanda ngamanani angu-40%, kanti nezinye izinsimbi ezikhethekile zafakwa kuwo.

Isikhathi samanje sithuthukisa kakhulu i-helicopter. Isivinini sanda izikhathi ezingu-1.5 kusukela kwangaphambili. Manje isilinganiso sayo singu-400.9 km / h. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uphethiloli ukwanele ngamakhilomitha angu-280, ngesisindo sokuthatha isisindo esingu 4875 kg.

Ezimweni zasempi, i-helicopter ingabamba ama-fighters angu-9 futhi ithwale izikhali eziyisikhombisa ezinamathangi e-anti-tank nge-wire guidance. Futhi, i-helicopter yayinomshini wokushisa umshini wokugibela umshini 1 x 7.62 mm iMigigun, olawulwa umshini wokudubula.

Izitayela zamanje

Izinto zangempela zanamuhla zithi ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwemboni ye-helicopter yaseRussia kudinga ukudluliselwa kwemikhiqizo ezweni laseRussia Federation.

Ngakho-ke, amandla okukhiqiza amandla ase-Ukraine i-Ai-98 athathelwa indawo ye-domestic model TA-14. Namuhla, umsebenzi wenziwa ekuguqulweni kwe-helicopter kaMam-8AMTSh-V. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa i-helicopter ngezimo ze-arctic. Futhi emaqenjini abakhiqizi bama-helicopter aseRussia ngo-2020 kuhlelwe ukuthi athathe 20% emakethe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ijubane le helikopta liyakhula njalo. Ngehora lesishiyagalombili i-rotorcraft ingakwazi ukunqoba amabanga amakhulu nakakhulu esiteshini esisodwa segesi.

Imisebenzi enjalo, okuyinto imboni yezindiza yaseRussia ibeka yona, ngeke ivumele kuphela ukugcina izikhundla eziphambili emhlabeni kulo makethe, kodwa futhi nokwandisa ngokwandisa uhla lwezindiza-moya ezikhiqizwayo.