Ithebula "izinhlobo ezintathu sesenzo ngolimi lwesiNgisi." Tento kukhona okulungile nokungalungile

IsiNgisi ulimi lwangaphandle, lapho kufundwa khona abafundi abasha bokusebenza kohlelo lohlelo lolimi, kodwa lapho umthetho lo ungasebenzi khona. Enye yale mithetho ukusetshenziswa kwezenzo ezingavamile esikhathini esidlule. Kubafundi abaningi be-English lesi sihloko kuyisimiso esiphuthumayo. Kodwa ngaphandle kwabo akunakwenzeka, ngoba lezi yizinto zangempela zesiNgisi! Kodwa-ke, kunezindaba ezinhle - isiNgisi samanje kancane kancane susa izenzo ezingavamile, esikhundleni sazo ngokulungile. Kungani futhi-sizoxoxa kanjani kulesi sihloko.

Kungani izenzo zesiNgisi zingalungile?

Ukubunzima kokusebenzisa izenzo ezingavamile akuhlangatshezi nje ngabangaphandle, kodwa nabathwali ngokwabo. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abangewona amaNgisi be-philologists, okungezona ezejwayelekile kule ngxenye yokukhuluma akuyona into engavamile, kodwa kuyisikhathi sokuziqhenya. Bakholelwa ukuthi izenzo ezingavamile ziyisikhumbuzo samasiko esiqhubekisela phambili umlando wolimi lwesiNgisi. Ukuchazwa kwaleli qiniso yizimpande zaseJalimane zomsuka wesenzo esingavamile, okwenza isiNgisi isiBrithani inguqulo yendabuko yolimi. Uma kuqhathaniswa, abaseMelika bazama kanzima ukulahla ifomu elingalungile, balishintsha libe lilungile. Ngakho-ke, uhlu lwezenzi ezingezona ezijwayelekile landa kulabo abafundisa kokubili izinguqulo zolimi. Ngakho-ke, inguqulo engalungile yasendulo, ekhonjiswe ku-prose kanye nezinkondlo.

Zingaki izenzo isenzo ngesiNgisi?

Ukukhuluma izenzi ngesiNgisi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi banezifomu ezintathu:

• Okungapheli, kuyisimo sokuqala sesenzo ;
• Ukubambisana Kwangaphambili I, noma Ukuhlanganyela Njalo, - leli fomu lisetshenziselwa isikhathi esilula (esidlule) kanye namacala amabili nesithathu okuthambekela okunemibandela (Isimo se-2-d ne-3-d icala);
• I-Participant II eyedlule, noma iqhaza le-Participle II, isikhathi esiphelele ngokuphelele (i- Past Perfect), i-Passive Voice neyomgomo wesimo se-3-d.

Ithebula "Izinhlobo ezintathu zesenzo ngolimi lwesiNgisi" lunikezwa kamuva esihlokweni.

Yiziphi izenzo ezilungile nokungalungile? Imithetho yemfundo

Izenzo eziqondile yizo ezifomu elidlule (i-Past Simple) kanye nefomu lokubamba iqhaza II (iqhaza II) iqalwa ngokungeza ukuphela-kufomu lokuqala. Itafula "Izinhlobo ezintathu zesenzo ngolimi lwesiNgisi." Izenzo ezifanele "kuzosiza ukuqonda kangcono le mithetho.

Ngasebenza (ngasebenza)	Ngisize (ngisizile)
Usebenze (Usebenze)	Usize (Usizile)
Wasebenza (Wasebenza)	Usiza Ed (Wasiza)
Wasebenza (Wasebenza)	Usize (Wasiza)
Yasebenza (Yasebenza)	Yasiza (Wasiza)
Sisebenza (Sisebenza)	Sisize (Sizisize)
Basebenza (Basebenza)	Basiza (Basiza)

Uma wenza amafomu Ukuhlanganyela I and Participle II kunezici ezithile:

• Uma isenzo siphela nge -e, bese wengezwa-akuyikuphinda kabili;
• I-Consonant in izenzo ze-monosyllabic uma uneza ukuphela-okushiwo kuphindiwe. Isibonelo: yeka - yimise (yimisa - umise);
• Uma isenzo siphelela ngombhalo -yine-consonant esandulele, khona-ke siyashintsha kimi ngaphambi kokwengeza.

Okubi kubizwa ngokuthi izenzo ezingalaleli umthetho jikelele lapho kwenziwa amafomu wesikhashana. NgesiNgisi, zihlanganisa izinhlobo zezenzo zesikhathi esedlule esilula (i-Simple Simple) ne-Participle II (Ukubamba iqhaza II).

Izenzo ezingalungile zenziwa ngosizo lwe:

• Ablaut, lapho izimpande zishintsha khona. Isibonelo: ukubhukuda - ukugijima - i-swum (ukubhukuda - ukuhamba-ukugijima);

• Ukusetshenziswa kwezilinganiso ngaphandle kolimi olwamukelwe kuhlelo lolimi. Isibonelo: kwenziwa-kwenziwa (yenza-do);

• Ifomu, noma ifomu elingaguquki. Isibonelo: uthathe-cut-cut (cut-cut-cut-cut).

Ngenxa yokuthi yonke isenzo esingajwayelekile sinesimo salo soshintsho, kufanele sifunde ngenhliziyo.

Ingqikithi kunamagama angu-218 angavamile ngolimi lwesiNgisi, cishe ama-195 ayo asetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa.

Ucwaningo lwamanje emkhakheni wolimi lubonisa ukuthi izenzo ezingavamile kancane zanyamalala ngolimi ngenxa yokushintshwa kwamafomu amabili nesithathu ngamafomu wesenzo esifanele, okungukuthi, ukungezwa kokuphela. Leli qiniso liqinisekiswa ngetafula "Izinhlobo ezintathu zesenzo ngesiNgisi" - ithebula limelela inamba yezenzo ezinokubili ifomu ejwayelekile futhi engavamile.

Ithebula lesenzo ezingavamile

Itafula "Izinhlobo ezintathu zezenzo ezingavamile ngesiNgisi" zihlanganisa izenzo ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ithebula libonisa amafomu amathathu nokuhumusha.

Izenzo ezingalungile zafika ngesiNgisi zanamuhla ezivela e-Old English, lapho ama-Angles namaSaxon akhuluma khona - izizwe zaseBrithani.

Izenzo ezingalungile zavela ezibizwa ngokuthi izenzo ezinamandla, ngayinye yazo yayinehlobo layo lokuxilonga.

Abacwaningi baseHarvard bathole ukuthi iningi lamagama asetshenzisiwe alilungile, futhi lizohlala njalo, ngoba lisetshenziswe kaningi kunezinye.

Emlandweni wesiNgisi kukhona nesici lapho isenzo esifanele siphutha. Isibonelo, sneak, ube namafomu amabili - ahlasele futhi ahlabe.

Izinkinga ngamazwi akuzona kuphela abafundi besiNgisi, kodwa futhi nezikhulumi, ngoba ngisho baze bangene ezimweni ezihlazo uma kuziwa kule ngxenye enzima yokukhuluma.

Omunye wabo nguJennifer Garner, owokuphila kwakhe okuqinisekile ukuthi isenzo sneak silungile.

Walungiswa ngumethuli weyodwa yezinhlelo lapho umdlali wezobuciko abambe iqhaza khona. Ngesichazamazwi ezandleni zakhe, wabhekisela iphutha likaJennifer.

Ngakho-ke, ungathukutheli uma wenza amaphutha uma usebenzisa izenzo ezingavamile. Into eyinhloko ukuthi abahlali behlelekile.

Izenzo ezilungile

Itafula "Izinhlobo ezintathu zezenzo ezifanele ngesiNgisi ngokubhaliselwa nokuhumusha" kusekelwe ezenzweni ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.

Ukuhumusha	Isenzo	Ukufunda	Ukuhlanganyela Okudlule I no-II
Cela	Buza	Ascus	Ucele
Phendula	Impendulo	I-Anse	Iphendulwa
Sula	Vumela	Elau	Kuvunyelwe
Vumelana	Vumelana	Egri	Kuvunyelwe
Borrow	Borrow	I-Borough	Ukuboleka
Ithemba	Kholwa	Bebel	Kukholwe
Kopisha, bhala kabusha	Kopisha	Kopisha	Ikopishwe
Pheka	Pheka	Ikhukhi	Kuphekwe
Vala	Vala	Clown	Kuvaliwe
Shintsha	Shintsha	Shintsha	Kushintshiwe
Yithwala	Yithwala	UCarrie	I
Shayela	Shayela	Hamba	Kubiziwe
Xoxani	Xoxani	Disk	Kwaxoxwa ngakho
Nquma	Nquma	I-Disaid	Kunqunywe
Chaza	Chaza	I-Operlene	Ichazwe
Glide	Slip	Slip	Ihlisiwe
Cry	Cry	I-Edge	Ukhalile
Qedela	Qedela	Qedela	Iphelile
Yamukela	Vuma	Thumela	Kuvunyelwe
Shanyisa	Glow	Glou	Kuvutha
Gubha	I-Grate	I-Grate	Kuvuliwe
Ukubamba	Gamba	Umkhuhlane	Ihlile
Siza	Usizo	Usizo	Usize
Kwenzeke	Kwenzeke	Ithemba	I
Phatha	Bamba	Bamba	Iphathwe
Buka	Bheka	Bow	Kubuke
Ukuhlala	Phila	Liv	Uphile
Lalela	Lalela	Leaf	Ulalele
Like	Like	Like	Uthande
Hambisa	Hambisa	Mous	Ihanjiswe
Phatha	Lawula	Lawula	Lawula
Yibalulekile	Udinga	Nid	Kudingeka
Vula	Vula	Oupen	Kwavulwa
Khumbula	Khumbula	Remembe	Kukhunjulwa
Thembisa	Thembisa	Thembisa	Ithembisiwe
Dlala	Dlala	Playboy	Idlalwe
Khombisa	I	I-Sajzhest	Okuphakanyisiwe
Funda	Isifundo	Isinyathelo	Ufunde
Misa	Misa	Misa	Yeka
Qala	Qala	Isitatimende	Iqalile
Ukuhamba	Ukuhamba	Ukuhamba	Kuhanjiswe
Khuluma	Khuluma	Umqondo omuhle	Ukhulume
Humusha	Humusha	Humusha	Ihunyushwa
Zama	Zama	I-Trio	Uzame
Sebenzisa	Sebenzisa	I-Yuz	Kusetshenziswe
Ukukhathazeka	Ukukhathazeka	Khala	Ukukhathazeka
Hamba	Hamba	Wolf	Hamba
Buka	Buka	Ngobusuku	Ukubukwa
Lindela	Linda	Waite	Ilinde
Sebenzisa	Sebenzisa	Wok	Isebenza

Izibonelo zokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezingu-3 zezenzi ngokuhumusha

Ngenhla sasihlolisisa izinhlobo ezintathu zezenzi ngolimi lwesiNgisi. Itafula enezibonelo zokusetshenziswa nokuhumusha kuzosiza ukulungisa isihloko.

Lapha ngalunye ukwakhiwa kwegrammatical izibonelo ezimbili zinikwe - enye ngekunene, enye enye izenzo ezingalungile.

I-grammatical Umklamo	Isibonelo ngesiNgisi	Ukuhumusha
Okudlule Okulula	UPetru wasebenza izolo. Wazizwa kabi ngesonto eledlule.	UPetru wasebenza izolo. Wazizwa kabi ngesonto eledlule.
I-Present Perfect Tense	UJames usevele wangisiza. Wake wake waya eThailand?	UJames usevele wangisiza. Wake wake waya eThailand?
Isikhathi esiphelele esiphelele	Ngaqonda ukuthi ngisebenzise ithikithi lami lokugcina. UHelen waphawula ukuthi wayekhohliwe amaphepha akhe ekhaya.	Ngabona ukuthi ngisebenzisa ithikithi lokugcina. Wabona ukuthi wayekhohliwe amaphepha ekhaya.
I-Passive Voice	U-Amy wathathwa waya e-zoo ngeSonto eledlule. Ingane ihlalwa i-lullaby njalo ebusuku.	U-Amy wathathwa waya e-zoo ngeSonto eledlule. Ingane ihlabela i-lullaby njalo ebusuku.
Umgomo	Uma nginemali, ngingazithenga imoto. Uma engasisiza, ngabe wayekwenzile.	Uma nginemali, ngingazithenga imoto. Uma engasisiza, wayezokwenza.

Ukuzivocavoca

Ukuze ngekhanda elingcono lezenzi ezingajwayelekile, akudingeki nje kuphela ukuthi ufunde ngenhliziyo uphinde uphinde, kodwa futhi wenze imisebenzi ehlukahlukene.

Ukuzivocavoca 1. Ngaphambi kwakho, itafula "Izinhlobo ezintathu zesenzo ngesiNgisi." Izenzo ezingalungile. " Faka elinye lamafomu amathathu alahlekile.

Yiba		kwaba	kube
babe	kwadingeka		siqu
ukwenza		kwenziwe	ukwenza
	ithole	ithole	ukuthola
ukwenza	wenza		dala, ukudala
	wayazi	aziwayo	ukwazi
thola	wathola		thola
	wafundisa	wafundisa	ufunde
ukuqonda	waqonda		ukuqonda

Ukuzivocavoca 2. Gwala itheyibula, "izinhlobo ezintathu sesenzo ngolimi lwesiNgisi. Tento njalo". Faka izinhlobo esithi I neyesi-II.

cela	cela	ebuzwa, wabuza
ukuboleka	ukuthatha
vala	vala
ukunquma	reshat
ukuchaza	ukuchaza
ukusiza	ukusiza
isiqalo	isiqalo
travel	travel
ukusetshenziswa	ukusebenzisa
umsebenzi	umsebenzi

Ukuzivocavoca 3. Ukusebenzisa ithebula, ukubeka imitjho elandelako isiZulu.

1. Ngafunda incwadi.
2. Sibone kubo izolo.
3. AbakwaSmith wahlala e-London kuze 2000. bathuthela Manchester ke.
4. Alice kwaba umfundi wasenyuvesi ngo-2014.
5. Basebenza enkampanini eyodwa eminyakeni emibili edlule.
6. Wavele kokuqeqeshelwa.
7. Lapho siseyizitha izingane, umama ngokuvamile basiyisa kuleli paki.
8. Ngahamba ithoyizi njengoba ingane.

Izimpendulo Obonisa

Isifundo 1.

ufike / bafike

kwadingeka

benza

uthole

wenza

ukwazi

ukufundisa

waqonda

Isifundo 2.

ebuzwa, waboleka, ivaliwe, wanquma, wachaza, wasiza, waqala, uhambo, wasebenzisa, wasebenza.

Isifundo 3.

1. Ngafunda incwadi.
2. Sibone kubo izolo.
3. AbakwaSmith wahlala e-London kuze 2000. Khona bathuthela Manchester.
4. Alice wayengumfundi wesazi Univercity ngo-2014.
5. Basebenza enkampanini eyodwa eminyakeni emibili edlule.
6. Uye kuqeda ukuqeqeshwa.
7. Lapho siseyizingane sase wathatha ukuhambahamba kuleli paki.
8. Ngahamba imoto ithoyizi ngiseyingane.

Jwayela ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuphinda amafomu eziyisisekelo tento English. Uhlu tento okungajwayelekile, ukuzilolonga kanye ukuphindaphinda gqwa kuzosiza ukubhekana ngokushesha nezinkinga olimini lwesiNgisi livela kwelesiLatini.