Islam: ngamaholide (uhlu). amaholide Major Islam kanye namasiko alo

AmaSulumane, kanye bezinye izinkolo, abaningi baye amaholide abo, okuyinto ziyingxenye ebalulekile ingokomoya Islamic namasiko. igama Arabic kule dethi onesizotha - i-id, okusho okuthile okunjengokuthi: ". ukubuyela ngesikhathi esithile" Zinjani ngamaholide ezinkulu Islam futhi kanjani ukugubha sababekholelwa Orthodox inkolo of the Prophet Muhammad?

izimiso Jikelele

Phakathi yimiphi imikhosi Muslim ikhalenda, amakholwa, yebo, thandaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akhumbula abathandekayo babo futhi nithandazela nalabo wangena kwelinye izwe. Njengobe kuphakanyiswe Islam, ngamaholide kumele kwenziwe emphakathini, ukuze wonke umuntu uzizwa ukuzibandakanya lakhe Ummah.

Ngokungafani ubuKristu, lapho kukhona ngamaholide ezinkulu nantathu, amaSulumane babe Izikhathi ezinjalo ezibalulekile ezimbili kuphela: Eid al-Fitr futhi Eid al-Adha. I iholide wokuqala kuphelelwe kuya ekupheleni okuthunyelwe, kanti eyesibili lunikezelwe umhlatshelo. It kugujwa phakathi Hajj, okusho pilgrimage naseMecca. Ngokungafani Fitr, othiwa Small iholide Adha libizwa Elikhulu noma Elikhulu.

Zombili lezi zinsuku zemikhosi, kanye nazo zonke ezinye ngamaholide enkolo Islamic kuthiwa kugujwa ngokuvumelana ikhalenda kwenyanga is ngokwesiko yokutholwa eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Zezindleko kwezikhathi Islamic iqala ngo-July 15, 622 BC. e. Ngalolusuku the Prophet Muhammad besuka naseMecca Medina ibizwa ngokuthi usuku Hegira. Muslim unyaka mufushane kunelanga izinsuku 11. Loku kubangelwa yokuthi ngamaholide Islamic Awuboshezelwe nezinsuku ikhalenda likaGregory, owawuthi minyaka they nyakazo in ukugubha kwabo izinsuku eziyishumi nanye ka. Ukuqondanisa le isigqi, njalo ngonyaka wesithathu kubhekwa unyaka eqa.

hegira

Hijra - kuba, isimiso, umshini wokuqala ngamaholide, owamiswa ngo emphakathini Muslim. emikhosini Ukuhlelelwa ngalolu suku yaqale iqalwa Umbusi wamaSulumane u-Omar. Kodwa empeleni yayo kuba Islamic New Year, ukuvulwa ngenyanga muhharam. Iza leli holide emva esandulele inyanga entsha.

Unyaka omusha udinga wonke inguqulelo Muslim ezingokomfanekiso ezivela naseMecca Medina. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kudingeka ukuba bashiye zonke izono futhi ukwehluleka imikhuba emidala futhi uqale impilo entsha ngokuhambisana intando kaNkulunkulu.

inkumbulo Hussein

It kugujwa imemori kwezinsuku eziyishumi emva New Year of Imam Hussein, umzukulu wangaphambili of the Prophet Muhammad. Washona ngo '61 Hijra e belwa amaviyo Umbusi wamaSulumane Yazid. It usuku ngokuqondile Shi'ite, ke akufakwanga ngamaholide ezinkulu Islam, uhlu ohleshulelwe zonke ukunyakaza vnutriislamskih namahlelo okufanayo. Ngalolu suku, le Shiites abalilayo, ahlele udwendwe onesizotha, ziveza izenzakalo Husayn t. D.

Eid al-Fitr

Fitr yilona impendulo yombuzo othi lokho ngamaholide e Islam, wayithanda kakhulu. Uphawula ekupheleni omkhulu Islamic ngokuzila ukudla nenyanga ka-Ramadan. Ngo Folk isiko, futhi ibizwa nangokuthi i leli holidi amaswidi. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kulolu suku ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu imikhosi a Deuce, okuyinto Islam. Lezi ngamaholide abizwa ngokuthi ezincane nezinkulu, zazo Fitr - Small. Ibizwa ngokuthi ngakho ngoba isikhathi salo izinsuku ezintathu, kanti ukugujwa komkhosi omkhulu Adha - izinsuku ezine.

Ngu Fitr imikhosi uzilungiselele ngokucophelela. Ngokwesiko ngalesi sikhathi uye ukuvakashela. Ngenxa yokuthi umkhaya Islamic walungisa okuningi awukudla futhi bahlobise imizi yabo. NjengamaKristu at Easter, abalandeli Islam ukunikeza nomunye izipho namakarada.

Okunye sici esiyisibopho leli holide - zokunikela. Kuphoqelekile ukuze imikhaya ehola kancane abampofu futhi ukuqoqa iminikelo iholide ayizange iphumelele ngawo.

Lapho kufika isikhathi aphule okusheshayo, ethembekileyo abizwa ngokuthi umthandazo. Emazweni Islamic, bashoshozela, ukwenza izimemezelo lavela emisakazweni nakumathelevishini, siqhumisa izibhamu zabo esibhakabhakeni, futhi ngokushesha uqala fun. Into yokuqala ukudla nesizotha zamasundu, ubisi, noma ijusi ngokuzila ukudla iphazamisekile. Kwaphela ukudla isiko umthandazo obizwa ngokuthi i-Maghreb. Zonke izinsuku ezintathu ezilandelayo, akekho usebenza, akukho yokufunda. Wonke umuntu uyazijabulisa, izipho, ukuyovakashela uvakashele abangane nezihlobo. Main fun efanayo uqala ngosuku lokuqala emini nge dinner wentokozo. Ngemva kwalokho kuhlanganisa Ukuvakashela amangcwaba futhi bathandazele abafile, okwathi ngemva kwalokho bonke injabulo jikelele futhi ukugujwa ihlala izinsuku ezintathu.

Eid al-Adha

Adha - atewugubha, a uhlobo ikhadi oshayayo, elimelela Islam. amaholide Muslim ngokuyinhloko angavalelwa izinkumbulo walabo noma ezinye izenzakalo zomlando engcwele. Futhi Eid al-Adha kumaka nje ekupheleni Hajj, kodwa futhi ukugujwa kwezinsuku ekhumbulekayo enikelwe Isaka umprofethi u-Abrahama. Umqondo umhlatshelo ukhiye kulesi sehlakalo, ngakho amaSulumane ahlabe izilwane zemihlatshelo ikhumbule kuye. Kungaba imbuzi, inkomo ngisho ikamela. Kodwa kaningi kakhulu lokhu indima eyadlalwa imvu.

Usuku lokuzalwa Mohammed sika

amaholide Major yamaSulumane, yebo, ngeke akwenze ngaphandle ukugubha ukuzalwa umsunguli othiwa ngesi-Arabhu Milad An-Nabi. Ngokwesiko lolu suku kubhekwa 12 Arabhu lwenyanga enqunywa ngokuthwasa kwenyanga Rabia isibambiso. Wazalelwa ekhalendeni welanga (Agasti 20) is hhayi kunakwe. Mark, akazange alale lapho ngokushesha, kodwa phakathi kwayo kwaba Abbasid umthetho kuphela. ukubaluleka sacramental lalolusuku ukukhumbula uhloniphe inkumbulo womprofethi, bakwazi ukubonisana uthando, ukuzinikela nifunde umlando izifundo ekuphileni kwakhe.

enyukele ebusuku

Ngokwenkolelo Muslim, the Prophet Muhammad ngobusuku obubodwa amandla engaqondakali kaNkulunkulu wahlupheka eJerusalema. Bemphelekezela Jabr ingelosi eyinhloko (Gabriel) wambonisa njengoba izulu nesihogo, bese uvele phambi kukaJeremiya umprofethi Allah ezulwini lwesikhombisa. Waba yini umphumela walesi isambulo kwaba ukusungulwa womthandazo - umthandazo isiko, okuyinto wonke Muslim ozinikele kumelwe enze kahlanu ngosuku. It is sigubha 27 Rajab. Ngokungafani nezinye izinsuku eziningi samaholide okuyinto Islam, amaholide, zokuzalwa, nokwenyuka ebusuku unganikezi for fun ekhethekile. Phakathi la mavesi ikakhulukazi wokufundwayo iKoran nemithandazo kuthiwa. Igama Arabhu holidi - Laylat al-Mi'raj.

ebusuku kwamandla

Laylat al-Qadr - ubusuku samaholide lapho bekhumbula ngesambulo sokuqala kakhulu of the Prophet Muhammad. Ithi ke ecwengileko nenyanga ka-Ramadan izinombolo 27. Kodwa eqinisweni kwalolu suku kunemibandela, ngoba ulwazi olungenaphutha ngemithi uma senzakalo senzeka, asizange sisinde. Ngakho-ke, uma isidingo, kungase kuqashelwe kunoma yiziphi bemihlangano minyaka eyishumi ezinsukwini Ramadan. Njengomthetho, lowo mkhosi kuziwa ngokuvakashela mosque nangokuthandaza ubusuku bonke.

ebusisekile ebusuku

Lena enye busuku obukhethekile, ekhuthaza ukugubha Islam. Amaholide nasemasikweni okuncike ukuhlonipha inkumbulo izindaba zokuphila of the Prophet, zihlanganisa ngalobo busuku njengoba isikhathi esikhethekile bathandazele abafileyo. Uthi inyanga igcwele ngaphambi kokuqala Ramadan, e bangaphambi 15 Sha'ban. Ngesisekelo zomlando zaleli holidi yisikhathi ukuthi umprofethi Mohammed wachitha ngomthandazo, ukulungiselela okuthunyelwe ukuthi iba khona minyaka yonke e kude. Amalungu Islam zikholelwa ukuthi lokhu ebusuku, ngokuthi ngesi-Arabhu Laylat al-Baraat, Allah unika oda bonke abantu abahlala: ngubani izokufa, futhi obani - ukuphila, onikezwe izono zithethelelwe, futhi kunoma ubani ziyokuwa isiqalekiso, futhi ngakho kule eyodwa. ebusuku elungiselela isidlo isiko akhethekile amakhandlela ovuthayo.

Amanye amaholide

Le ncwadi eshiwo ngenhla amaholide - eziyisisekelo emhlabeni Islamic. Bathi cishe yonke kholwa esifanayo. Kodwa kunezenzakalo ukuthi yonke imikhaya ubhekene ngokuhlukile. Kulezi zinsuku lingama lokuzalwa, igama ukupha, nokunye. D. kafushane iveza nazo.

isenzakalo esijabulisayo

Lapho ingane izalwe, kuba injabulo enkulu for wonke umndeni. Ezweni Muslim, lo mcimbi has a Umbala zenkolo elikhanyayo. Okokuqala, ingane ubhekwa isipho sikaNkulunkulu, futhi okwesibili, wayihlukumeza kakhulu masinyane, eqalwe ku inkolo yamaSulumane kanje: lokuqala ngakwesokudla indlebe ingane nokungihleba ebizwa ngokuthi adhan, okungukuthi ucingo endaweni yokukhuleka, eziqala formula "Allah Akbar 'bese kwendlebe yangakwesobunxele sikhonona ICAM, ukuthi wayala ukumelela ngomthandazo. Ngakho, ingane esanda kuzalwa izwi kuqala ekuphileni kwakho igama elithi "Nkulunkulu", okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Lona yokuqalisa kuqala ku okholweni. Esikhathini esizayo, kusenzima uchungechunge initiations.

Umhlatshelo amanye amaholide

Ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane liyadingeka ukuletha isipho Allah njengenkokhelo yokuhlaba izilwane zemihlatshelo - omunye for girls ezimbili abafana. inyama yezilwane abelwa amalunga futhi ngimpofu.

Islam - inkolo, okuyinto behlonipha ngamaholide novrozhdennymi eziningi. amaphuzu engeziwe kukhona uzinake Tahnik - okugcoba Emlonyeni wezingane juice nge isifiso sempilo enhle; U-Akiko - ukushefa isiko wengane ngosuku lwesikhombisa ngemva kokuzalwa; efaka i; Hitan - ukusoka usana besilisa; Bismillah - aphindaphinde ingane ekhethekile ukupela-ifomula iKoran.

Kukhona amanye amaholide, izinsuku ezingokwenkolo, ababethi ukuphila komkhaya kwangasese. Kodwa ngezinga yabo ingenkulu ngakho ukuba zihlale phezu kwabo kulesi sihloko.