Isitini se-Starooskolsky: izici zokukhiqiza, izinhlobo zemikhiqizo nezinzuzo zabo

Ukwakha isakhiwo esiqinile, esinokwethenjelwa esingahlala amashumi eminyaka futhi okungenani okungenani iminyaka eyi-100, umuntu akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwempahla efanele yokwakha - isitini. Ngeshwa, akusibo bonke abakhiqizi abakhiqiza izitini, okusho, ngokusho kwamatshwayo wokuqina, okuhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa yokusebenza ezakhiweni ezinjalo, kuqala ukuqhuma okujulile.

Kodwa lokhu akukwazi ukusho ngezitini zakudala ze-Oskol. Ihluke kanjani kumikhiqizo efanayo yabanye abakhiqizi?

Izici zokukhiqiza

Indlu yezitini yedolobha laseStary Oskol yaqala ukukhiqizwa kwezitini ngokubhekene nezinhloso ngo-1989. Eminyakeni emithathu, ngenxa yezici ezinhle kakhulu zemikhiqizo ye-ceramic, abakhi baqala ukucabangela le ndaba njengenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu, futhi lesi simo asizange sishintshe kuze kube yimanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapha kuqala izwe laqala ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo emibala ehlukahlukene. Okokuqala kwafika ukukhiqizwa kombala obomvu, bese kuthi (2006) utshani nendlovu. Ngonyaka kamuva iqoqo lagcwaliswa ngezinto zokwakha ze-mocha. Namuhla, imikhiqizo ibumnyama nomthunzi olula - usuvele uyingqayizivele.

Ukufeza izinga eliphezulu nokuhambisana ne-GOST, ukukhiqizwa kwezitini kuzo zonke izigaba ngokuqinile ngokwezinto ezidingekayo kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezinto ezisemvelo - isanti, ingxube yobumba nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa.

Izinzuzo zomkhiqizo

Kungcono ukuyiqonda, ngakho-ke izinga eliphezulu yizitini ezibhekene ne-Old Oskol, ulwazi mayelana nokufaneleka kwawo nezici ezinhle kuzosiza.

Lezi yizi:

• Ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo. Emikhiqizo ayikho i-chips, iyaphuka, ayishintshi futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ayifana nosayizi.
• Ukuphepha kwezinto eziphilayo. Ukuze kwenziwe ukukhiqizwa, izinto ezisetshenziswayo kuphela ezisetshenziselwa ukuthi, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwezakhiwo, ngeke zikhulule izinto ezinobuthi eziyingozi kubantu nasemvelweni.
• Ukuphikisana nemithonya yamandla nesimo sezulu. Ubuqotho besitini ngeke buphazamise noma izinga lokushisa lihla, noma imvula, noma imimoya noma ezinye izinhlekelele zesimo sezulu.
• Impilo yesikhathi eside. Umkhiqizi uqinisekisa impilo encane yomsebenzi wezinto zokwakha kuze kube yiminyaka eyikhulu. Kodwa lokhu kunikezwa ukuthi akukho ukunakekelwa okwenziwe ekwakhiweni, ngaphandle kwalokho le nkathi yanda ngo-50%.
• Amandla. Imikhiqizo ehloselwe ukubhekana nemisebenzi ikwazi ukubhekana nomthwalo we-250-300 kg ngemitha yendawo ngayinye ngemitha yesikwele.

Ukukhetha okubonakalayo

Lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza izinhlobo eziningana zemikhiqizo ehluke ezinkomba ezahlukene:

• Ukubhekana nesitini. Imikhiqizo yalolu hlobo ihluke ngokumayelekile, ama-angles ahlanzekile kanye nakwezinye izindawo.
• Imikhiqizo enziwe. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo zangaphambili, abanalo ama-angles angakwesokudla. I-Old-Oskol isitini sokwehlobo olumisiwe kunama-angles amabili noma amathathu kuphela, kanti ezinye izinhlangothi zinomumo ohlangene noma owenziwe nge-atypical. Ngenxa yalokhu, ungakwazi ukubeka amaphethini eziyinkimbinkimbi zejometri phezulu.

• Isitini somlilo. Kusukela kumikhiqizo ebusweni kubonakala ngokuba khona kwesinye sezici zezinsiza zokusiza. Sebenzisa imikhiqizo yocingo lomlilo hhayi kuphela ukudala ama-hotbeds ngaphakathi endlini, kodwa futhi ukuhlobisa izindonga zangaphandle ukuvuselela isakhiwo sobuciko, kwenze kube okuhlukile, ngokungafani nabanye.

Yiluphi uhlobo lwezinto okumele lithenge - ludla kuphela ukunambitheka komnikazi wesakhiwo esizayo.

Izinhlobo zemikhiqizo

Imikhiqizo yezitshalo ayifani nje kuphela ekugqokeni kwayo kwangaphandle nangesimo, kodwa futhi nangokwamacebo asetshenziselwa ukwenza:

• I-Ceramic. Leli gama liyitini elibomvu, elibekezelela zonke izimo zezulu, libhekiswe ngamandla amakhulu kanye nokumunca okuphansi kwamanzi - kuze kufinyelelwe ku-8%.
• Isitini se-Clinker sihluke nge-ceramic ngokusebenzisa izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, ngenxa yokuthi imikhiqizo ithola amandla amakhulu, nesakhiwo sayo - homogeneity.

• Izitini ze-silicate zingenakuvutha umlilo futhi zinganamathele emanzini angaphansi kwezilinganiso zangaphambilini, ngenxa yokuthi indawo yokusetshenziswa kwayo inciphise kakhulu. Ukudayiswa kwemikhiqizo ye-silicate kusetshenziswe kaningi kune-ceramic ne-clinker.

Konke okuphathelene nokushiyeka

Njenganoma yikuphi okunye okubonakalayo, isitini se-Old Oskol sinamaphuzu athile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, isibonelo, isidingo sokubopha indlu yokhuni ukuhlomisa umkhawulo womoya. Isihlahla sinyuka umswakama, kodwa isitini asikho. Futhi uma ungawahlukanisi, umusi ophuthelwa udonga uyohlala ngaphakathi futhi uholele ekuboleni kwesihlahla.

Enye ukungaziphathi kahle ukungabi nemikhiqizo eyodwa yombala. Lokhu akuyona umshado, ngoba kungenxa yezici zobuchwepheshe, kodwa kuyinkinga. Isibonelo: hhayi izinto ezithengiwe ngokwanele, futhi kwakukhona isidingo sokuthenga amaphakethe ambalwa. Iziqinisekiso zokuthi bazoba umthunzi ofanayo nabathengi kakade, akekho ozokwenza. Isiphetho: kungcono ukuthenga izinto ezincane zokwakha, bese kungeke kube khona izinkinga.

Enye indlela yokuziphendulela, enesitini sase-Old Oskol, iyinani. Kuphakeme kunezinto ezifanayo ezivela kwabanye abakhiqizi. Kodwa uma sicabangela izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lemikhiqizo kanye nezinye izinzuzo, kuyacaca ukuthi imikhiqizo enjalo ayikwazi ukubiza imali eshibhile, futhi izimali ezisebenzisiwe ziyokhokha ngombono omuhle wezakhiwo kanye nesikhathi sabo sokusebenza eside. Etafuleni ngenhla amanani aboniswa ku-ruble ngalunye.