Isithonjana "UNkulunkulu uMninimandla onke": uhlobo kufanekisa nokuqukethwe zenkolo yesithombe

Iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili sibalo abampofu umshumayeli asePalestina uJesu waseNazaretha azalwe obusa lonke European (hhayi kuphela) isiko. Namuhla, abalandeli bakhe abangu-abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili, noma amaphesenti angaphezu kuka amathathu we labantu emhlabeni. Futhi akukho lizwe lapho akukho okungenani iqembu elincane lamaKristu athembekile. Kungokwemvelo ukuba isithombe kaKristu sihleli e ifa emhlabeni kwezobuciko, ikakhulukazi ubuciko zenkolo kanye iconography. Yashaya inkulumo kaJesu ezikhulekelwayo isibonelo isithonjana Makhosi Orthodox. Okusho injena ubuhlobo obuseduze emfundisweni Orthodox. Ngakho-ke, kumelwe uqonde kancane indima kaKristu emfundisweni yenkolo.

UJesu emfundisweni yenkolo Orthodox

Njengakuwo wonke amasonto obuKristu, Kristu emfundisweni Orthodox kungumongo. Akukhona njalo kungenzeka ukuzwa umkhuba iSonto namuhla, ngokuvamile khombisa conservatism nokukholelwa ezeni igxile sehlelo labangcwele izindawo zokukhulekela. Kodwa inkolelo yakhe yokuziphendukela bagomele nangezimfundiso yenkolelo - ehlelweni Christocentric kakhulu. KuJesu, ngokuhumusha isigijimi salo - ungumuntu-zintathu Ongcwele yesibili - uNkulunkulu oPhezukonke, owenza umhlaba wonke. abantu abathathu kuNkulunkulu oyedwa uYise, iNdodana noMoya oNgcwele, owesibili wabo - Son - ekuqa- ubudala wehlela phezu komhlaba, futhi ngenxa yesenzo uMoya oNgcwele wazalwa owesifazane yasemhlabeni, kanjalo singangenwa emvelweni yomuntu. Umuntu Single kaKristu, ngaleyo ndlela ihlanganisa "ngaphandle ukudideka, nolimi, njalo kanye bangahlukani," impilo ezimbili - waphezulu futhi womuntu. Ngenxa yokuthi - Nkulunkulu, futhi ibizwa nangokuthi i eNkosini. Ukuba wedwa ongenasono, uJesu wathatha phezu kwakhe umthwalo walababantu bonke izono amadoda, ababelana uMdali nokudalwa, wakunikela emzimbeni wakhe esiphambanweni. Njengoba enganakekile enecala esiphambanweni UKristu wasihlenga ngaleyo ndlela ngegazi lazo izono amadoda. Ngosuku lwesithathu wabuye wavuka kwabafileyo, futhi ngosuku wamashumi amane ngemva kwalokho wanyukela endaweni ngale amazulu sphere, lapho ehlezi khona ngakwesokunene (njengesifenqo ukukhuluma, ngoba uBaba akuyona umzimba) okuvela kuNkulunkulu uBaba, lapho kusukela bengabonakali futhi wabusa esontweni lakhe futhi zonke indalo. Lena imfundiso emfushane Orthodox likaJesu Kristu.

UJesu Usesimini iconography

Isithonjana, ngokuba "Imfundiso ngemibala", Uqonde ukuveza ukuqonda bagomele koMsindisi. Kuyinto ekukhanyeni imfundiso kumele uhunyushwe okukakhenoni Orthodox isithombe kaKristu. Isithonjana imibukiso njalo uvukile Kristu, ngaphakathi okuyinto kukhanya saphezulu ukukhanya. Ngisho noma isithombe icebo lapho isenzo uMsindisi kusenzo esaphila, namanje alibonisi uJesu lasemhlabeni uvukile. Ngakho-ke, isithonjana njalo metahistorical, lembula essence esingokomoya umcimbi noma kumuntu, futhi lokho kungalungisi ngokoqobo ngokomzimba. Ekugcineni, isithombe - uphawu ngokuphelele. Futhi element ngayinye kuwo - ke ingumfanekiso ezimpandeni zakhe ezingokomoya. Kuyinto kungalungile ukusho ukuthi uphawu kumele futhi imibukiso neizobrazimoe ongabonakali. Zonke lezi zici kuhlanganisa isithonjana kaJehova Sebawoti. Inani layo kunqunywa ngesiGreki elithi "Pantocrator", okusho ukuthi "wonke umuntu ungumnikazi etikwayo yonkhe kokuba phezu kwawo wonke amandla, onguMninimandla onke."

Incazelo "Pantocrator"

Empeleni icon "Nakhu okwatjhiwo nguSomnini uMninimandlawoke:" - kungcono ngisho isithonjana, bese isithonjana-uhlobo isithombe kaKristu. Ngokusho kwezinkambiso engamukelwa, uMsindisi linikezwa ngesimo Regal. Ukumisa ingafunda lingafani - ke ongema noma ngihlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi. Futhi indawo ethandwa futhi oplechnye ongakhetha isithombe. Isithonjana "UNkulunkulu uMninimandla onke" ngaso leso sikhathi balibona futhi isikhundla sombuso ophethwe uKristu. Esandleni sakhe sobunxele asiphathele ikhodi elifanekisela isigijimi sakhe - ivangeli. A ngakwesokunene kaningi eligoqiwe lwenhlonipho isibusiso. Ngokuvamile, owande kakhulu futhi liyabonakala iconographic koMsindisi. Ubizwa kusukela cishe ngekhulu lesine leminyaka ezaziwayo. Isithonjana endala kakhulu "Nakhu okwatjhiwo nguSomnini uMninimandlawoke:" Kuze kube yimanje - umfanekiso iSinayi sezindela kwekhulu lesithupha.

"Pantocrator" kufanekisa

Njenganoma yimuphi uhlobo iconographic, "Pantocrator" has awayo izinhlamvu. Iningi lazo Nokho, umphumela reflection okwalandela ku ngendlela usumisiwe. Ngakho ukuthi ukuhumusha izingxenye ngabanye kunalokho ezivamile. Isithonjana uJehova Sebawoti ibonisa incazelo izincwadi zenkolo ezihlonishwayo sibalo kaKristu - lokhu isivele eshiwo ngenhla. Uma lokhu uJesu begqoke izingubo imperial ke lokhu kugcizelela yayo amandla aphelele phezu isikhala. Uma izingubo ababhishobhi ', khona uKristu umPristi Omkhulu, uMhlengi owadela ukuphila kwakhe ngebanga izono zesintu esidinga ukukhululwa. Kulo msebenzi, iletha etendeni wasezulwini, futhi igazi lakhe ngenxa lo mpristi - umlamuleli phakathi kukaNkulunkulu nabantu. Kodwa iningi isithonjana "Nakhu okwatjhiwo nguSomnini uMninimandlawoke:" sichaza uKristu izingubo zakhe zansuku zonke - ingubo, okungukuthi ihembe eside futhi himation - isembatho. On ingubo Nokho, luvamise ikhiphedi - mpo igolide band, elifanekisela izikhulu namandla. Endulo kwakungase kuphela ukugqoka aristocrats. Ingubo yena isikhathi esithile ukuzihlanganisa isonto. halo Traditional elifanekisela ukukhanya okungokomoya esiphambanweni alotshiwe umbuthano wakhe - umhlatshelo yobhapathizo.

izithombe ohlonishwayo we "Pantocrator"

Ekuphetheni, kufanele uyakhumbula ukuthi isithombe - lokhu akulona Kristu, nokuthi somunye wabo, kuhlanganise "Nakhu okwatjhiwo nguSomnini uMninimandlawoke:" - isithonjana. Ngekhulu le-19 ukululaza eziningana isiyalo zokomoya umkhuba, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi umphakathi isonto namanje uhlushwa ukuphishekela isithombe ngokuyisimangaliso. Njengoba isibonelo isithonjana enjalo ohlonishwayo koMsindisi, ungaletha umfanekiso Elizarovsky ngekhulu le-14 egcinwe manje esigodlweni sezindela efanayo Pskov wesifunda.