Isikhathi womsebenzi umkhaza ngenyanga

Njengoba yaziwa, ukulunywa imikhaza igazi-abancela kukhona ezingemnandi kakhulu, ibuhlungu futhi engathandeki kakhulu. Iqiniso lokuthi lezi zinambuzane abathwali izifo ezihlukahlukene, ezinye zazo ziyingozi kakhulu empilweni yomuntu. Minyaka yonke izinombolo zabo zikhulisa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba athathe zonke izinyathelo ukuyeka lo mkhuba engathandeki. Kulesi sihloko sizofunda ngokuthi singakugwema kanjani eziyingozi lezi zinambuzane, izibungu Umsebenzi ngenyanga, kanye izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele zithathwe, kwenzekani imvelo.

Imiphumela bite

Imikhaza abathwali protozoan ahlukahlukene, rickettsial, amagciwane, futhi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, okuhlanganisa encephalitis futhi borreliosis (isifo saseLyme), YaseCrimea-Congo haemorrhagic futhi Rocky Mountain ikhombe imfiva, typhus futhi yansukuzonke imfiva, babesiosis, tularemia, ehrlichiosis nabanye.

Mhlawumbe kuyingozi kakhulu ingabe ezithwalwa encephalitis - isifo yegciwane, okwenzeka ifomu oyingozi. Kuthinta isimiso sezinzwa, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kukhona izinguquko eziphawulekayo futhi ngezinye izikhathi engelapheki e ubuchopho bomuntu.

ukutheleleka

Ukutheleleka kwenzeka nge bite encephalitis nedlelo imikhaza. Lesi sifo has a seasonality evelele okuyinto pripadaet nje umsebenzi isiqongo imikhaza.

Itheleleke nge encephalitis abakwazi kuphela kusukela yisilwane isinambuzane, kodwa ngemva ukuphuza ubisi imbuzi eluhlaza, inqobo nje uma isilwane yayiklaba ezindaweni egcwele imikhaza. Enye indlela ukutheleleka kungaba ukubhujiswa izandla igazi-abancela izinambuzane angenalutho lapho iminwe babe ukuqhekeka okuncane noma mikroporezy.

izimpawu isifo

Izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo ukuvela ngemuva abancela isinambuzane izinsuku 7-14. Okokuqala, kukhona ikhanda endaweni frontotemporal, khona-ke ubuthakathaka, ukucobeka, qala ukulimaza izandla, imilenze okhalweni. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo iqala ukuzibonakalisa ngokuzumayo - kuleli cala ngqo kwandisa izinga lokushisa komzimba, okungase afinyelela 39-40⁰ C. Ngesikhathi esifanayo phezu kwesikhumba kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, reddening uyalandelwa. Kamuva ngabo, kukhona izimpawu meningeal nokuqina kwemisipha ezingalweni entanyeni.

Ezithwalwa encephalitis, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-5-8 kanye kuhambisana lokushisa lomzimba okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ekuthuthukisweni ezifweni ezimbi kubantu ukubonisa izimpawu ukulimala isimiso sezinzwa, okuyinto ngaphezu ubuthaka imisipha bangazi ukuthi bazizwa kanjani kubo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ziba izacile futhi "ulahlekelwe isisindo". Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, iziguli sokuwa futhi ngqo eziwohlokayo ukuzwa futhi umbono.

Ukubuyiselwa imisipha ukusebenza elidala kancanekancane. Le nqubo ingathatha iminyaka. Ukuze okunzima kakhulu ukubuyisa ngokugcwele injini umsebenzi engasakwazi, ngakho umuntu akuvunyelwe ukuphila.

Umthelela sezulu

Lezi igazi-abancela isinambuzane umsebenzi isikhathi incike izici zezulu we sendawo ethile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingahluka kakhulu ekuhambeni kwesikhathi. Ngokwesibonelo, it ihlala kwezinsuku ezilinganiselwa kwezingu-7 e-Perm Region uphawu isikhathi kakhulu okusebenzayo abasha birch kutshalwa futhi kabili - e starolese. Ngesikhathi esifanayo in the Krasnoyarsk esifundeni, lokhu igebe kungaphezu - kusuka 2 izinsuku kuya ku-60, kube kucatshangelwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukunakekelwa kanye izinambuzane ku udoti.

Ngokuvamile, ukubanda izinga lokushisa, umsebenzi ngamunye encephalitis Tshwaya yizinambuzane kancane. ibuye ehlaselwe izimo sezulu kanye nomswakama. Ngokwesibonelo, e Karelia abaningi kakhulu izibungu kuhlasela siyenzeka ezingeni lokushisa kusuka 5 kuya 15⁰ C kanye nomswakama isihlobo 55-80%. Ngezinye degrees 20 futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke bengena udoti. Kodwa ngo-Krasnoyarsk isikhathi esifundeni olwenziwa umsebenzi kwenzeka ngesikhathi inhlanganisela lokushisa kusuka 0 kuya 15⁰ C, kanye nomswakama isihlobo, okuyinto iqala ngo-60% nangaphezulu.

inkathi eyingozi

Igazi-abancela izinambuzane, abahlala ezindaweni athokomele, ehlasela cishe kulo lonke entwasahlobo, ihlobo noma ekwindla. Ukwazi imikhaza Umsebenzi ngenyanga, ungakwazi sasivumela kalula ugweme ukulunywa zabo. Ngo Karelia futhi European ihlathi ehlathini impintshisi kakade ocushiwe kwentwasahlobo lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngenhla 3⁰ C. Zingase silindele yimpango yabo ekugcineni ngonyaka utshani, izinsaba wenqwaba noma Lusanda incibilikiswa. Ehlathini umkhaza ihlala isebenza kulo lonke Juni. Ezimweni ezingavamile, lingatholakala ngoJulayi.

Ukuqala umsebenzi imikhaza ezonini euro ewela Apreli. Lezi zinambuzane kungaba ukuhlasela kokubili abantu futhi izilwane kuze kube sekupheleni September. Ngezinye izikhathi ziseZwini izinja ukuzingela ngisho October no-November.

Inombolo eziphansi impela izimo, ephelezelwa ngokuhlasela izinambuzane igazi-abancela nasemkhakheni amahora predawn. Futhi, ngokuvamile, isikhathi umkhaza umsebenzi akugcini, ngakho anonya ubusuku nemini, kodwa isibalo esikhulu sezinto ukuhlaselwa kwenzeke zonke ebumnyameni efanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ebucayi kokubili elangeni futhi sezulu liguqubele lezi zinambuzane.

ezimatasa izibungu isikhathi uwela ekupheleni April futhi inyanga yonke July. Ngalesi sikhathi, bonke abathanda ukuhamba ehlathini noma abasebenza khona, kudingeka bagcine izinyathelo zokuphepha eziyisisekelo ukuthi luvimbele kuhlasela futhi abancela lezi zinambuzane yingozi.

Indlela yokuzivikela

Ukuvimbela izifo encephalitis ukwandisa ukumelana layo pathogen, kanye ufeza ngesivikelo esiphumelelayo kweningi labantu, nabo bonke abantu. Ngokwesibonelo, ngaphambi kokuba athathe uhambo emahlathini, kumele uthobele ezimeni eziningana ezizoqeda ngokuphelele kungenzeka izinambuzane ekutholeni ngaphansi izingubo.

Ukuze uphawu encephalitis, inkathi yomsebenzi okuyinto ebangela zonyaka uma kuqhathaniswa ukufudumala, abakutholanga esikhunjeni, udinga ukugqoka kit ekhethekile ehlanganisa ibhulukwe Friend nebhantshi nge hood. Uma lokhu ayitholakalanga ke izingubo ezejwayelekile kungenziwa uguqulwe ube zokuzivikela - ukuba umuntu amane nje uvalwe Bopha cuffs futhi entanyeni yezingubo leyembe lakhe, bese Tuck it ibhulukwe, futhi yabo - e amasokisi noma amabhuzu. Ehola liyadingeka ukujikijela hood noma ukugqoka isigqoko. Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi kushisa kuyoba nzima ngempela ukusebenza noma ukuhamba kulezi izingubo, kodwa kholwa yimi, ngempela ebalulekile.

Ngesikhathi umsebenzi umkhaza, ngokuba isikhathi eside ehlathini noma epaki, kubalulekile ukuba ngezinye izikhathi mutual zihlolwe ngokucophelela zonke ihora elilodwa noma amabili. Lokhu ukuqaphela lithembeke ngempela futhi iyatholakala. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ngokukhethekile kufanele kukhokhelwe izindlebe, isikhumba emphethweni, emakhwapheni futhi imbilapho, kanye nezinye izingxenye yezinyosi emzimbeni.

Uma uya ekhaya, ungakhohlwa mayelana kuhlolwa izingubo. Ngokukhethekile kufanele ikhokhwe ezindaweni lapho kukhona ezivuzayo futhi creases e indwangu, njengoba kungekho lalingabulawa kalula ukukhasa ayikahlanganiswa ukusivumela izinambuzane. Kuphela yabaqinisekisa ngokugcwele ukuthi akukho imikhaza, ungaya ekamelweni. Ngesikhathi izingubo ezifanayo futhi izicathulo kumele kwesokunxele ngaphandle kwendlu. Zonke izingubo zangaphansi Kunconywa ukususa, bese wengeza amanzi ukugeza kahle. Lezi izinyathelo ezilula ngesikhathi umsebenzi imikhaza kuphumelela kakhulu futhi atholakale wonke umuntu.

izenzo ukuthola

Kuleso simo, uma isinambuzane esiyingozi leeched Kodwa kufanele ngokushesha ukuyikhipha futhi njalo ikhanda. Kunezindlela eziningana ukususa imikhaza. Ngo omunye wabo usebenzise intambo. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba abophe phambi bloodsucker ngakwesokudla ebusweni isikhumba. Khona-ke kancane kancane donsa ntambo uphela kanyekanye ezinhlangothini futhi phezulu futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukudonsa umkhaza simile.

Ukuze le nqubo elandelayo uzodinga ongahluziwe jelly, ukhilimu noma amafutha yemifino, okuyinto edingekayo ukuze gcoba isinambuzane uqobo kanye endaweni ezungeze ke. Fat kuzovimba isimiso sakhe zokuphefumula, futhi sisasebenza isikhathi sokuzigedla lezi yayo. Ngemva ngomunye ngomzuzu olwenziwa awuphonse enye ngemuva kwenye, futhi, ethatha ngqo ngokumelene isikhumba phakathi iminwe emibili noma amashiya, ukuyikhipha esithubeni nje. Ngakho-ke kungaba ngokuphepha isuswe engashiyanga ikhanda. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba abazi wabeka ngokugcwele ukuthi olwenziwa kungabangela ukuvuvukala.

Uma inhloko umkhaza namanje akakwazi ukuyikhipha, futhi uye wahlala endaweni ukuncela kufanele kukhishwe khona usebenzisa i-pin noma yenaliti calcined. Ngemva le nqubo, isilonda isikhumba kumele disinfected iodine.

izinyathelo zokuqapha

Umsebenzi isiqongo yehlathi imikhaza uhamba abathandi kufanele niqaphele kakhulu. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi zonke izinambuzane atholakala emzimbeni noma izingubo, kanye izifundo kusukela isikhumba, kumelwe nakanjani ubhujiswe. Abakwazi ashise noma ibekwe endaweni isixazululo magciwane, isib, utshwala, noma kaphalafini Lysol.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kunoma yisiphi isimo akunakwenzeka akuqede imikhaza izandla. Ngisho spray emihle evela nezindlala salivary of uketshezi isinambuzane noma umgodi kungenzeka ngephutha singene izilonda ezincane esikhumbeni, nolwelwesi lwamafinyila we ngalo ingaphakathi acinene nomlomo, ukuthi kungaba imbangela ukutheleleka encephalitis ezithwalwa. Ukususa bloodsucker, ungakhohlwa gezisisa izandla ngensipho namanzi.

Ukuvikelwa Chemical

ekhethekile oxosha izithako okuthiwa nemithi yokuxosha zenzelwe ngokumelene umkhaza ukulunywa. Okunjalo kuzo njengoba DEET (diethyl toluamide), kyuzol karboksid futhi babonisa kakade ngokwabo ukuba okuhle. Eyokuqala yalezi izinto iyatholakala ngesimo lotions, aerosols futhi amaphesenti angu-40 isixazululo utshwala. Ngesikhathi umsebenzi imikhaza, ngaphambi kokudlulela nemvelo, udinga ukubeka oxosha ku izingxenye wadalula zomzimba - izandla, ubuso nentamo.

Akunjalo kudala, kwakunebandla elilodwa ngaphezulu ngempumelelo, elula futhi ngendlela ephephile yokuthola uzivikele bite eziyingozi - izingubo sifakwe emanzini futhi ugcobe izinto ezixosha iminqwazo. Ukuphumelela le ndlela itholakala lokuthi ukuthi ejenti zamakhemikhali lilondolozwe kuyinto isikhathi eside phezu indwangu, hhayi isikhumba. Nokho, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi abanye abantu imithi exosha kungadala ohlangothini ukusabela ezifana ukucasuka we nolwelwesi lwamafinyila ikhala nomlomo. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali ngokucophelela okukhulu, njengoba ehlonipha bonke imithetho ekusebenziseni kwabo.

zokuvimbela

Kukhona umuthi wokugoma ekhethekile ngokumelene encephalitis ezithwalwa, eliwumkhiqizo wenza ngesisekelo igciwane efile. Waqale asetshenziswa ngo-1939. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-60 ubudala, wokugoma izicubu okuthuthukile. Kuyinto kobuhlungu futhi ephumelela kakhulu. Lokhu imigomo izidakamizwa kusukela ngo-Okthoba futhi iphele March no-April, nje ngaphambi ukuqala ukushisa - kwenkathi kusebenze imikhaza.

Inkambo yokugoma wenziwa ngezigaba ezine - imigomo emithathu kusekwindla, kanti owesine - entwasahlobo. Isetshenziswa njengesici yokugoma yokwenziwa, kodwa kuphela uma umuntu isivele leeched isinambuzane. Kulokhu protivoentsefalitny iqondiswa-gamma globulin.

uyaca izinambuzane eziyingozi

Ngesikhathi umsebenzi imikhaza ngokuvamile ziphendukela ukufa izindawo ezinkulu ukuze bavikele abantu ezifweni encephalitis. Ukuze wenze lokhu, fafaza amakhemikhali ezikhethekile, okuyinto ukubhubhisa izinambuzane ngqo foci yazo yemvelo.

Kodwa ukucutshungulwa ezweni ihlathi - lokhu kuphela isinyathelo sokuqala sendlela eya ezindaweni yokutakula. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukwakha epaki emhlabeni emzaneni. Kuze kube yimanje, thatha izinyathelo ngoba thinning, ukuhlanzwa kanye yokuhlanza imithi ewile, imithi ewile iziphunzi, njengoba kwakunjalo lapho uhlala ezincelisayo ezincane lapho kwezindlebe nezibungu kuhlasela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele njalo skaschivat utshani endaweni lapho base nokuphumula amakhaya, sanatoriums, amakamu zezingane, nokunye. D.