I Northern Fleet - Russia Polar Isihlangu

I Northern Fleet sidalwe ngemva kweminyaka eminingi kwabhalwa aseBaltic, kweBlack Sea Pacific Ocean. Okusho yaseshashalazini polar kwemisebenzi ikhuphuke kakhulu ku namathathu banesifo esibi ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX. Intuthuko zezindiza kanye shipbuilding avunyelwe ukuba baphethe ngokuthi abalulekile esu ukubaluleka Ukuvikelwa, okuyinto ngaphambilini ukuqhuba imisebenzi yezempi engenakwenzeka.

Yabantu Commissar Wezokuvikela Klim Voroshilov ngo-Ephreli 1933 yasayina ukuze ukuhambisa isigaba ehlanganisa abachithi "Kuibyshev" futhi "Uritsky", ngwenya zimbili patrol ezonini polar. Caravan of imikhumbi owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi SAS-1 (ekhethekile injongo uhambo). Imikhumbi aba isisekelo kwakheka Murmansk weqembu lemikhumbi. Ngo-August, yaqala ukwakhiwa emikhulu base entsha lezindiza ku-Arctic.

Ngo-1935, North umkhankaso lwemikhumbi umsebenzi uqeqesho combat. Kungakapheli isikhathi esifushane, nje eminyakeni emibili, Kwakuseshwa izindima eziningi eside, ikakhulukazi okusha Earth uMzila Wasolwandle OseNyakatho , ihlelwe ekhaya nasekusekeleni ingqalasizinda isipiliyoni labawatfolile esifundvweni nobe ice diving ngwenya, airfields eyakhelwe Naval Aviation. Ngo-May 1937, Northern Fleet kusekelwe weqembu lemikhumbi.

Namathathu banesifo esibi kwaqalisa isikhathi ukuhlola Arctic. Insindiso uhambo I. D. Papanina senziwa ne iqhaza ngqo amatilosi nama-pilot-Northern Fleet.

Northern Fleet wathatha ingxenye ebusika impi Finnish. Njengoba yayisendaweni ekahle base main bavunyelwe ukuvimba supply isitha kusukela olwandle. Petsamo nezimbobo futhi Liinakhamari kwakuhlezi amaPhoyisa amatilosi Soviet.

Ngo-June 1941 ukubaluleka amatheku Soviet enyakatho kunyuke. Arkhangelsk futhi Murmansk wathatha ngosizo umbimbi, Ukuvikelwa yayo isiye ebalulekile umsebenzi. Phakathi neminyaka emine empi kuyo yonke i-Atlantic bebelokhu ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane ngohide, ngamunye okuyinto amakhulu amakhilomitha wabingelela imikhumbi yethu, ephelezelwa echwebeni uya khona, repulsing ekuhlaseleni torpedo German ekuhlaseleni, ngwenya bese ekuhlaseleni.

Northern Fleet isenzo sokumelana German amabutho Kriegsmarine. AmaNazi ulahleke zindawo polar ezingaphezu kuka imikhumbi eziyisithupha futhi 1,300 izindiza. Heroes-abasebenza ngemikhumbi-ngwenya UNikolai Lunin, Ivan Kolishkin Israyeli Fisanovich Mohammed Gadzhiev nabanye abaningi abaye bakwenza ukuze uwine konke ababengakwenza, ukuthekelisa, uma kwakudingeka khona, uhlala. Abashayeli Severomorsk Boris Safonov Ivan Katunin uPetru Sgibnev izinkanyezi red wings embozwe ezingafi yabo udumo esibhakabhakeni Arctic.

Kusukela zamashumi amahlanu Northern lasolwandle wayengeyena nje olwandle, kodwa rocket. umkhumbi kuqala kwethulwa emhlabeni ballistic senziwe 1956 e White Sea. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu Severomorsk sebemukele i ngwenya kwamanzi K-3 "Leninsky Komsomol". 1960 imakwe ngwenya-umkhankaso InterContinental ezicitshwayo ballistic wokuqala emhlabeni.

Ngo-1962, imikhumbi-ngwenya Northern Fleet ethumba isigxobo. Submarine "Leninsky Komsomol" uthwebule Kwadlula ngemva kokuhlephula umzimba ice, futhi amatilosi esungulwe endaweni nge izixhumanisi-90 degrees. w. EU.SSR Navy amafulegi.

Engxenyeni ngeminyaka yoma ekhulwini XX eNorthern Fleet abathwali izindiza yesibili elahlanganiswa. Eyokuqala yalezi kwaba impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Kiev", ngo-1991 ku-ukulwa duty isihlawulelo othwala izindiza "Admiral Kuznetsov".

ezingokoqobo emlandweni aye alubonisa kanjani perspicacious wayengu- mdali Russian Fleet, Petr Veliky. eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu edlule, ethwele imikhumbi yokuqala Russian emanzini enyakatho, lapho ngokwesiprofetho wayekuqonda ukubaluleka amasu ikusasa North ekumeleleni lizwe.

Namuhla endaweni wemfanelo Russian Northern Fleet - lonke olwandle emhlabeni. Esekela e Severomorsk futhi Severodvinsk kuvula amathuba unlimited for egumbini lokuhlinza.