Isihloko sikaDobrolyubov esithi "I-ray yokukhanya embusweni omnyama": isifinyeto kanye neziqephu

Ku-athikili kaDobrolyubov enesihloko esithi "The Ray of Light endaweni Ebumnyama," isishwankathelo esichazwe ngezansi, sikhuluma ngomkhiqizo we "Thunderstorm" ka-Ostrovsky, eyaba yincwadi yamaRashiya. Umbhali (isithombe sakhe siboniswa ngezansi) engxenyeni yokuqala uthi u-Ostrovsky uyaqonda ngokujulile ukuphila kwabantu baseRussia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uDobrolyubov uhlaziya izihloko ezilotshwe abanye abagxeka ngo-Ostrovsky, ngenkathi ebona ukuthi ababheki ngokuqondile izinto eziyinhloko.

Umqondo womdlalo, owawukhona ngesikhathi sika-Ostrovsky

U-Nikolay Alexandrovich uqhubeka ngokuqhathanisa "Ukuduma Kwezulu" ngezindinganiso zomdlalo owawamukelwa ngaleso sikhathi. Kulesi sihloko esithi "I-ray yokukhanya embusweni omnyama," okuqukethwe okuncane esithandayo, ubheka ikakhulukazi isimiso esisungulwe ezincwadini mayelana nendaba yomdlalo. Emzabalazweni womsebenzi ngesifiso, ngokuvamile ukuphela okubi kwenzeka lapho isifiso siphumelela, futhi ujabule uma kwenzeka ukunqoba komsebenzi. Idrama, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokulandela isiko ekhona, ukumela isenzo esisodwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukubhala kwalandela ulimi olululwimi, oluhle. UDobrolyubov ubhala ukuthi ngaphansi komqondo womdlalo othi "Ukuduma Kwezulu", ngaleyo ndlela, awuhambisani.

Kungani "Isivunguvungu" singenakucatshangwa njengedrama, ngokusho kukaDobrolyubov?

Imisebenzi yalolu hlobo kufanele ngokuqinisekile yenza abafundi bazihloniphe umsebenzi futhi baveze isifiso esibhekwa njengengozi. Kodwa-ke, umlingisi oyinhloko akachazwe emibhalweni emnyama futhi emnyama, nakuba kunjalo, ngokwemithetho yedrama, "umgebengu". Siyabonga ipeni lika-Ostrovsky (isithombe sakhe siboniswa ngezansi), sinobubele kulesi heroine. Umlobi we "Ukuduma Kwezulu" wakwazi ukuveza ngokucacile ukukhuluma kahle nokuhlupheka Katerina. Le heroine sibona esimweni esibuhlungu kakhulu futhi ngenxa yalokhu siqala ukufaka icala ngokuzimela, sikhulume ngokumelene nalabo abahlukumeza intombazane.

Idrama, ngenxa yalokho, ayikufezi injongo yayo, incazelo yayo ayinayo. Ngandlela-thile, isenzo ngokwawo emsebenzini sigeleza kancane kancane futhi singavikeleki, umbhali wendaba ethi "I-Ray of Light endaweni Ebumnyama" ithi. Isifinyeto saso siyaqhubeka kanje. UDobrolyubov uthi akukho zigcawu eziqhakazile nezivunguvungu emsebenzini. "Ukuziqhenya" umsebenzi uholela ekuqoqweni kwabadlali. Ulimi aluhambeli nanoma yikuphi ukugxekwa.

U-Nikolai Aleksandrovich esihlokweni sakhe esithi "I-Ray of Light endaweni Ebumnyama" unikeza ukuhlaziywa okuqhathaniswa ngokukhethekile komdlalo wokuthakazelisa ekuhambeni kwawo nezindinganiso ezamukelekayo, ngoba kufike esiphethweni sokuthi umqondo ojwayelekile, owenziwe ngomumo walokho umsebenzi okufanele ube khona awuvumeli ukubonisa isimo sangempela sezindaba. Ungathini ngendodana encane eyathi ngemva kokuhlangana nentombazane enhle, yamtshela ukuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa noVenus, Milo, ukugaya kwakhe akuyona into enhle kakhulu? I-Dobrolyubov ibuza umbuzo ngale ndlela, ephikisana nokusimamisa indlela yokusebenza kwemibhalo. Iqiniso likhona empilweni naseqinisweni, hhayi ngemibono ehlukahlukene yezolimi, njengoba umbhali wendaba ethi "I-ray yokukhanya embusweni omnyama" ikholelwa. Isishwankathelo semfundiso yakhe yukuthi umuntu akakwazi ukusho ukuthi umuntu ungokwemvelo okubi. Ngakho-ke, encwadini, akudingekile ukuba uzuze okuhle, kodwa ukulahlekelwa kubi.

UDobroliubov ubhala ukubaluleka kukaShakespeare, kanye nombono ka-Apollon Grigoriev

UDobrolyubov ("Ray of Light endaweni engumnyama") uthi futhi abalobi besikhathi eside abazange banaka kakhulu ukuhamba ngokuya ekuqaleni kokuqala komuntu, ezimpandeni zakhe. Ekhumbula uShakespeare, uthi lo mbhali wakwazi ukuphakamisa izinga elisha lomcabango womuntu. Ngemva kwalokho, uDobrolyubov uya kwezinye izihloko ezinikezwe "Ukuduma Kwezulu." U-Apollon Grigoriev , ikakhulukazi, ukhulume ngokufaneleka okukhulu kuka-Ostrovsky ngokuthi umsebenzi wakhe wawuthandwa. UDobrolyubov uzama ukuphendula umbuzo mayelana nokuthi "lobuzwe" buyini. Uthi uGrigoriev akachazi lo mqondo, ngakho-ke isitatimende sawo asikwazi ukucatshangelwa ngokujulile.

Imisebenzi ka-Ostrovsky "imidlalweni yokuphila"

Izingxabano ke ukuthi imisebenzi ka-Ostrovsky ingabizwa ngokuthi "imidlalo yokuphila," uDobrolyubov. "I-ray yokukhanya endaweni engumnyama" (isifingqo sisho kuphela amaphuzu abalulekile) - isihloko esithi uNikola Aleksandrovich uthi u-Ostrovsky ubheka impilo yakhe yonke, ngaphandle kokuzama ukwenza abalungile bajabule noma bajezise abantu. Uhlola isimo jikelele sezinto futhi wenza umfundi aphike noma azwele, kodwa ashiye muntu ongenandaba. Labo abangabandakanyeki kulokhu kungabhekwa njengento engafanele, ngoba ngaphandle kwabo ngeke kwenzeke, okuphawulwe nguDobrolyubov.

"Ray of Light endaweni engumnyama": Ukuhlaziywa kwamazwi abalingiswa besikole

U-Dobrolyubov esihlokweni sakhe uhlaziya izitatimende zabantu abakhulu: Curly, Glasha nabanye. Uzama ukuqonda izwe labo , isimo sabo sangaphakathi , ukuthi babheka kanjani iqiniso elibazungezile. Zonke izici "zombuso omnyama" ziphawulwe umlobi. Uthi laba bantu banomkhawulo wokuphila kangangokuthi abaqapheli ukuthi kukhona okunye okuyiqiniso, ngaphandle kwezwe labo elivaliwe. Umlobi uhlaziya, ikakhulukazi ukukhathazeka kukaKabanov ngekusasa le-oda elidala namasiko.

Iyini intsha yokudlala?

"Ukuduma Kwezulu" - umsebenzi oqine kakhulu womlobi, njengoba kuphawulwe ngokuqhubekayo uDobrolyubov. "Umbuso wokukhanya embusweni omnyama" - isihloko esithi ukucindezela "umbuso omnyama", ubudlelwane phakathi kwabameleli bayo baletha u-Ostrovsky ngemiphumela ebuhlungu. I-whiff of novelty, eyayiqashelwa yibo bonke abajwayele "Ukuduma Kwezulu", ikhona emlandweni jikelele wezemidlalo, kubantu "okungadingekile esiteji," nakuzo zonke izinto ezikhuluma ngokuphela kwesimiso namasiko amadala. Ukufa kukaKaterina kuyisiqalo esisha kule ndawo.

Isithombe sikaKaterina Kabanova

Isihloko sikaDobrolyubov esithi "I-ray yokukhanya endaweni engumnyama" iyaqhubeka ithi umlobi uyaqhubeka ehlaziya isithombe sikaKaterina, umlingisi oyinhloko, emnika indawo enkulu kakhulu. U-Nikolai Aleksandrovich uchaza lesi sithombe njengento engathandeki, engaqondakali "isinyathelo phambili" ezincwadini. UDobrolyubov uthi impilo ngokwayo idinga ukuvela kwamaqhawe asebenzayo futhi azimisele. Ngoba isithombe sikaKaterina sibonakala ngombono onembile weqiniso nokuqonda kwawo kwemvelo. UDobrolyubov ("Ray of Light eMbusweni Omnyama") mayelana noKaterina uthi le heroine ayizicabangeli, ngoba ikhetha ukukhetha ukufa kunokuba ibe khona ngaphansi kwemithetho yakudala. Amandla anamandla amakhulu ahlala kule heroine ebuqotho bayo.

Izisusa zezenzo zikaCatherine

UDobrolyubov, ngaphezu kwesithombe salolu ntombazane, ucabangela ngokuningiliziwe izisusa zezenzo zakhe. Uthi uKaterina akayena umhlubuki wemvelo, akabonisi ukunganeliseki, akudingi ukubhujiswa. Kunalokho, unguMdali othanda uthando. Lokhu kuchaza isifiso sakhe sokulungisa izenzo zakhe engqondweni yakhe. Le ntombazane isencane, futhi isifiso sothando nokuzwela kuyimvelo kuye. Noma kunjalo, i-Tikhon inamathele futhi yalungiswa ukuthi lezi zifiso nemizwa yomkakhe ayikwazi ukuyiqonda, lokho emtshela ngokuqondile.

UKaterina uhlanganisa umbono wabantu baseRashiya, ukholelwa ukuthi uDobrolyubov ("Ray of Light endaweni engumnyama")

Lezi zihloko zaleli sihloko zenziwe ngezinye izitatimende. U-Dobrolyubov ekugcineni uthola esithombeni somlingiswa oyinhloko umlobi womsebenzi owenza umqondo wabantu baseRussia abakuwo. Ukhuluma ngalokhu ngokungaqondakali, enomfula obanzi ngisho nomfula uma kuqhathaniswa noKaterina. It has bottom flat, it uhamba ngokuzungezile azungeze amatshe abahlangabezane endleleni. Umfula ngokwawo wenza umsindo ngoba uhambelana nemvelo yawo.

Isinqumo esiyiqiniso kuphela se-heroine, ngokusho kukaDobrolyubov

UDobrolyubov uthola ekuhlaziyweni kwezenzo zaleli heroine ukuthi isisombululo kuphela esiyiqiniso kuye ukubalekela noBoris. Intombazane ingabalekela, kodwa ukuthembela esihlotsheni somthandi wayo kubonisa ukuthi leli qhawe lifana ncamashi nomyeni kaKaterina, efundiswa kakhulu.

Ukugcina komdlalo

Ukugcina komdlalo kuthokozisa futhi kubi. Umqondo oyinhloko womsebenzi uwukuqeda izikhonkwane zalokho okuthiwa umbuso omnyama kunoma yikuphi ukubiza. Ukuphila endaweni yayo akunakwenzeka. Ngisho noTikhon, lapho isidumbu somkakhe siphonswa khona, simemeza ukuthi usephelile manje futhi sibuza: "Kodwa kuthiwani ngami?" Ukugcina komdlalo kanye nokukhala kakhulu kunikeza ukuqonda okungaqondakali kweqiniso. Amazwi kaThikhon aqala isenzo sikaCatherine hhayi njengento yokuthandana. Ngaphambi kwethu kuvula izwe lapho umona ophilayo efile khona.

Lokhu kuphetha indaba kaDobrolyubov "I-ray yokukhanya embusweni omnyama." Sisebenzise amaphuzu amakhulu kuphela, ngokuchaza ngokufishane okuqukethwe kwayo emfushane. Nokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezinye imininingwane kanye namazwi omlobi abanjwe. "I-ray yokukhanya embusweni omnyama" kungcono ukufunda kuqobo, ngoba lesi sihloko sinobuciko bokugxeka eRussia. UDobrolyubov wanikeza isibonelo esihle sokuhlaziya umsebenzi.