Ipulazi: ipulazi izinhlobo, incazelo, ngezigaba kanye Umgomo we operation

Lapho kwakhiwa yepulazi lihlanza izindawo ezahlukene isicelo, ukukhuluma amandla izakhi mechanical isakhiwo isidumbu. Empeleni, benjalo uhlelo induku eyaphenduka, kuye ngokuthi izimo yokusebenza ungahlinzekela ngamazinga ahlukene esisuka futhi kokucindezelwa. Kodwa leli lungiselelo lula timphawu ngoba kukhona izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi, emelela ipulazi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Amafomu yalolu hlobo amapulazi akhiwa izinduku iqonde, ezixhunywe ISIZINDA. Ngaphezu ukwakhiwa, kuyafaneleka, nemfuyo amapulazi, nakho wasebenzisa ipulazi, kodwa ngendlela ehlukile.

ngezigaba Jikelele yokwakha amapulazi

Ezakhiwe yalolu hlobo ivezwa ezinguqulweni ezahlukene kahle. Eyodwa yezindlela eziyinhloko ngokuhlukana kwabo kuyinto injongo inkomba. Ngakho, ibhuloho elingalodwa, umbhoshongo crane futhi nokuphakamisa uhlelo. Lapho kudingeka ukuqinisekisa truss isakhiwo, zisetshenziswa njengoba enamathela isakhiwo projecting izingxenye ukwesekwa. Isici esivamile ngokuhlelwa ngezigaba kuyindlela ebizwa ngalo lobuchwepheshe kudivayisi into. Ikakhulukazi, isehlane isibili, multisupporting, isikulufa futhi arched ukwakhiwa truss. Izinhlobo amabombo kuhlanganiswe kungenziwa ngokuthi jikelele. Kuncike lesifanele ukubala imithwalo futhi izindlela uvala, izinhlelo ezinjalo Site eziveza izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise indlela lomnyango futhi kube lukhuni. Ukuze ugweme ukusonteka futhi ukwa ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele ikhono umklamo lokubhekana nokucindezeleka. Layisha umthamo ngesisekelo ukukhanya aqhelelene futhi ipulazi esindayo. Esimweni sokuqala yezingxenye iphrofayela uyakwazi withstanding afinyelela ku-300 m 50 m span, futhi owesibili - ezingaphezu kuka-300 m.

izici Bezakhiwe amapulazi

Ezimweni eziningi usizo amandla umsebenzi oyinhloko amapulazi isakhiwo. umklamo Base njengoba kuyalithinta umthamo ezincane, ngakho focus kulokhu ikhokhelwa amabhande gcizelela, enquma jikelele isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi. Ukwabela ezimbili zone kanye trehpoyasnye design. Kusobala ukuthi ngokuya lokubizwa umthamo kunenzuzo ukusebenzisa ipulazi ngaphezu kwalokho enezivikelo eziqinile. Izinhlobo amapulazi amabhande ezintathu babe abafumana amandla, ukumelana eguqa futhi torsion. Lezi zimfanelo onjiniyela isidingo of kumiswa nemisipha eyengeziwe kusukela main ukuqinisa uhlelo inikeza eyanele ecindezeleke iluphu ukumelana. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ibhande yokugcizelela angase abe design ehlukene kwesakhiwo, ayahluka ngobukhulu nangendlela emthambekeni nemingcele. Ngo ezakhiweni zamabhizinisi zomphakathi, isibonelo, ziye zasetshenziswa futhi rybchatye vsparushnye uhlelo wesifunda lapho luyasetshenziswa uhlelo sekhiba ngokulinganisa.

Izinhlobo Trusses lokhuni

Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu isici esibaluleke ukwehlukana amapulazi kanye material. Naphezu ukuthandwa okwandayo polymer futhi esiyinhlanganisela izakhiwo, zisekhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko metal kanye namadivayisi lokhuni. I last avame ukusetshenziswa ophahleni uni Ohlangothi futhi bi Ohlangothi. Basuke kwakhiwa nge truss uhlelo ezinguqulweni ezahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, naslonnye izinyawo obandayo wokuhlinzekela ukusungulwa of izisekelo ezinsikeni noma ezindongeni zendlu ku imiklamo uni Ohlangothi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlelo gable zisebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene yophahla, phakathi okuyizinto kudivayisi arched futhi ilenga. Esimweni sokuqala, ngesisekelo ipulangwe yayinamakhothamo, esinikela usekelo isembozo ophahleni ngenxa ugijimela. Ulenga emlenzeni ngesikhathi inhlangano abethela Friend, okuyinto ungavumeli muntu izakhi izindleko futhi deform isimo indlu.

metal girders

Isici esiyinhloko Ukwahlukaniswa amapulazi sinjalo uhlobo cross-ingxenye izici iphrofayli. Kukhona izingxenye avaliwe futhi evulekile. izinhlelo avaliwe akhiwa sebentisa tincenye ukuma, aboncamane nofana isiyingi. Njengoba for izinhlelo evulekile, bajwayele engeli ngababili olulodwa, iziteshi, Tees imikhiqizo kanye neminye imikhiqizo metal ngesimo iphrofayela esihle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyafaneleka ezihlukahlukene yokugcizelela izingxenye okuyinto esekela amabhande. Ngisho ephezulu amandla Trusses steel izinhlobo kuye ngokuthi izimo yokusebenza kungase kudingeke okwengeziwe yasibamba Ukukhweza. Common enezisekelo zikakhonkolo, isibonelo, zidinga ezifanele amandla ukwesekwa, okuyinto kuphela azuzwe zensimbi Trusses amapuleti kuze kufinyelele 14 mm obukhulu. I emikhulu isinyathelo span epulazini, ayanda izimfuneko yokugcizelela nokufakwa.

Izimiso wokusebenza yokwakha amapulazi

Ukuze uthole ukuqonda inqubo yokusebenza, ogxile truss uhlelo, kufanele kwenziwe kudivayisi bendabuko. Ukwakheka truss yakhiwa onxantathu ukuthi kungenziwa ogibele kokuhlanganisayo. Ngokwesibonelo, eziyinkimbinkimbi ukwesekwa uhlobo jib umbhoshongo crane aqukethe onxantathu letingemasayizi lahlukene - ezincane nezinkulu. Njengoba noma yimuphi induku abonise ngempumelelo ukusebenza kwawo ngokugcwele inqubo kokucindezelwa-esisuka, kunokuba eguqa, amandla main sisetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho kukhona ISIZINDA ipulazi ukuxhumana. Izinhlobo amapulazi nge swivel zisekhona siyindlala - esikhatsini lesinyenti kuba, kokungathembeki Kwenziwa ngokuqinile futhi amathemba okuthi isimo zinjalo. Ngamanye amazwi, ngisho noma izinduku ezimbili ahlukaniswe isakhiwo sensimbi, ngeke liphenduka.

imfuyo amapulazi

Imboni imfuyo okuyisihloko epulazini ngezinhloso zezolimo, ngokuvamile kwenziwa izinkomo ezikhulayo. izinto ezinjalo zingase faka izakhiwo agronomic collective amapulazi wombuso kanye nezinye amabhizinisi wahlanganyela emsebenzini kwezomnotho. amapulazi Modern zihlukaniswa izindlela imishini, okuvumela ukunciphisa umsebenzi wezandla e inqubo ukugcina izilwane. Ngo izakhiwo ezinjalo ungahlinzekela amayunithi ukuthi ahlinzeke yokudla ngokuzenzekelayo okuphakelayo, zizosengwa, yokuhlanza nokunye. D. Ukuthola ukuthandwa futhi uhlobo izinhlanzi ipulazi, okuyinto vele kudinga ukuthi ukulifunda ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene inhlangano yomsebenzi umnotho. Ngokwesibonelo, umnikazi kumelwe sivumele ukwelashwa amanzi njalo, emoyeni, ukuhlinzeka uhlelo esifanayo sokondliwa. Ngu izimo bese bakha isethi ephelele ipulazi.

Ukwahlukanisa ipulazi yezilwane isakhiwo

Uma ukufulela nezinhlaka kuthambekele umsebenzi ngamandla ukwesekwa izakhiwo, kulesi simo kucatshangwa ukwenzela ukufinyelela eempendulweni inzuzo yemali. Lokhu isici kunemtselela kusondela kwinhlangano lobuchwepheshe lezinto ezinjalo. amabhizinisi ezinkulu Ukhetha ukwakhiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi amapulazi kusuka ekuqaleni. Lolu khetho ivumela ukuphathwa, eyenzelwe ukukhiqizwa ephezulu ivolumu. Kodwa endaweni amabhizinisi amancane abe izinhlobo evame kakhulu yokusebenzisa imfuyo amapulazi, iyi-compact mini-izakhiwo Precast. Ngokuvamile, laba ukunikezela ngosekelo njengengxenye isethi ephelele nezinto ezidingekayo, kodwa kuphela ithemba abambalwa imigomo.

isiphetho

Nge wonke umehluko ukwakhiwa nemfuyo amapulazi, ungabahlukanisa ngokuya Kuhlangana kwabo. Ngakho, inhlangano ye amapulazi for yokuzalanisa izimvu, izingulube noma izinkomo nakanjani iba izakhiwo ezidingekayo ezifana izindawo enkulu lendlu yebhanoyi. Vele kuzo futhi ingasetshenziswa metal noma ukhuni Trusses. Izinhlobo imfuyo amapulazi cishe noma yikuphi ukusebenza ezidinga nokugcinwa izindawo ezinkulu, kungcono ukuhlela ukuthi ngokusebenzisa panel kanye truss izinhlelo. The best inketho kubhekwa uhlaka nesakhiwo ehlanganisa izakhi ukwakhiwa kanye Trusses. amaphrofayli ezinjalo ingasetshenziswa futhi ngokwengxenye, futhi njengoba isakhi ephelele ukusekela into ethize.