Densitometry - kuyini? Bone densitometry nomgogodla: izinkomba kanye namanani

Kwamathambo ibonisa izinga lokuhlushwa compounds wezinto ezingaphili (isib, i-calcium). Ngamafuphi nje, lo ipharamitha kubonisa amandla izici.

Uhlolojikelele

Uma ucabangela ubuningi amathambo ngoba umuntu ngamunye eminyakeni incipha. Elements abe izacile nokwakheka kwawo - ukungena nakwamanye amazwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kumiswa ithambo izicubu kancane kuka ukubhujiswa, catabolism ubusa ngaphezu anabolism. Njengoba bekhula sithuthukiswe leaching compounds wezinto izici. Lokhu, kunciphisa amandla lamathambo, okwandisa amathuba waphuka. Ngakho, osteopenia kancane kancane kuholela kwamathambo. I luthe ukuqina original ithambo, isikhathi eside kuzothatha ekubhujisweni kwaso. Ukuze kuqiniswe umsebenzi ngempumelelo (ukuqeqeshwa ku simulators nokuhamba) ne-calcium supplements. Lamadolobha esimanjemanje kakhulu zihlanganisa amathuluzi ezifana "Actonel", "Fomasaks", "Miakaltsik". abesifazane menopausal wabelwe ama-hormone (esikhundleni) yokwelapha. Kuyasiza ukubambezela catabolism.

engcupheni

kufakwa isandla ekuthuthukiseni kwamathambo, nezici ezithile.

• Ubudala. Ngokuvamile, iminyaka engu-30 ibangelwa amandla esiphezulu futhi kwamathambo. Ngemva kwalokho kukhona ukwehla kancane kancane.
• Isici ubulili. ezifweni Greater ekuthuthukiseni nokubhujiswa abesifazane oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Ziyakwazi kane kuka amadoda othambekele kwamathambo.
• Bone isakhiwo kanye nesisindo umzimba. abesifazane elikhulu nivame kwamathambo kuka mafutha nasebubini. Isimo siyefana ne amadoda adynamic.
• Ukwemukelwa inombolo yemithi. Isibonelo, nge ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside ejenti steroid (isb izidakamizwa "prednisolone") is iyakhula nomphumela omubi enethambo impilo. Lokhu, kube sekwandisa amathuba wokuthuthukisa kwamathambo.
• Ukuba khona amathambo waphuka e anamnesis.
• isimo postoperative emva ukususwa ezikhiqiza amaqanda.
• umlando womndeni. Enye yezinto eziphawuleka kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni isifo bone ubhekwa sitholwa njengefa. Uma kwenzeka uma izihlobo (ogogo nomkhulu, abazali, ogogo nomkhulu) izimpawu samanje kwamathambo (isib, ukwa ka kunawo wonke nge ukuwa okuncane), ingozi ukuthuthukiswa yayo impela high.
• engayitholi ngokweqile.
• Ukuba khona a zokugula ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo ephelezelwa excretion ngokweqile calcium ithambo izicubu (isb hypothyroidism).
• Ukungawuvivinyi umzimba.
• Ekuqaleni, amathambo mncane.
• Ukudla ngokuqukethwe ongaphakeme vitamin D ne-calcium.
• ukuya esikhathini ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ukumeda kwezicubu kwabantu: Izindlela

Kunezindlela ezahlukene ekhaya azokuqhubela isifundo. Enye indlela ethandwayo densitometry. Hlobo luni ucwaningo? Le nqubo Kwenziwa kwi imishini ekhethekile kuze kube manje. Phakathi nesifundo isiguli amanga emhlane wakhe etafuleni nge shins abadanileyo phansi noma imilenze ngqo. Ngokulandelayo, cabanga ngalokho kungaba densitometry, kuba noma kunjalo Kunconywa.

Dual-amandla-X-ray ukuhlola

Lena enye yezindlela ukuthi engenziwa densitometry. Kuyini - esikabili-amandla x-ray? Le ndlela kubhekwa nesilinganiso olunembile kakhulu izicubu. Kulokhu, imishayo ezimbili ezihlukene. Le ndlela wenziwa densitometry yomgogodla kanye okhalweni. I luthe ukuqina nezicubu, lo nzima udlule-X-ray uvumelanise. Esikhathini summation, nokumadanisa imiphumela imiphumela ezimbili ukumuncwa Uchwepheshe uyakwazi kahle ukusetha ukunciphisa ukuminyana kwezicubu. Esebenzisa densitometry kungenziwa kukalwa ukulahlekelwa 2% isisindo salo ngonyaka. Lihlala densitometry (okungukuthi, ngenhla) isikhathi esincane isikhathi. Umthamo ngemisebe sincane kakhulu esifundweni.

Neuropathy ithambo densitometry

Ulwazi kulolu cwaningo yalungiswa ngendlela fanekiso nalokho okuchazwe ngenhla. Densitometry, intengo iluphi okuzoxoxwa ngalo ngezansi, uvumela ukuhlola kwabantu izicubu emlenzeni isandla - esithendeni futhi esihlakaleni. Nokho, kwezinye izindawo ukuze sifeze nesilinganiso kunzima kakhulu. Kahle kahle, lokhu kusebenza yomgogodla kanye phezulu emkhawulweni aphansi, lapho waphuka zenzeka njalo kakhulu. Lapho kulolu cwaningo uma esetshenziswa izilinganiso aphansi kakhulu emisebeni. densitometers neuropathy kukhona amafoni ephathekayo. Zingasetshenziswa ehhovisi udokotela ojayelekileko. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi okuqukethwe ulwazi le ndlela ucwaningo akusilo eliphezulu kakhulu. Neuropathy ithambo densitometry isethwe lapho enza Ukuhlolwa assays kanye nokuqapha ukusebenza kahle kokuphathwa kwamathambo.

Indlela ezimbili i-albhamu yezithombe

Kulesi sifundo icala, asetshenziselwa isotopes enemisebe. Indlela wenza sikwazi ukulinganisa kwabantu nezicubu kabuhlungu emgogodleni kanye hip. Ngesikhathi inqubo, futhi wasebenzisa ongaphakeme umthamo ngemisebe. Kumele kuthiwe densitometry ezimbili ikhasi lesikhwama sasekhaya yomgogodla kanye hip kudinga isikhathi eside ukuze uthole imiphumela.

bobukhulu CT

Lona omunye uhlobo imaging, lapho i-imaging ithambo izakhiwo kanye isithombe kweqiniso isimo izicubu-X-ray emisebeni ye isetshenziswa ifomu ngobuningi. Nokho, le ndlela alisetshenziswa umkhuba kaningi njengokuthanda, isib, neuropathy ithambo densitometry (njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla). Lokhu kungenxa okusezingeni eliphezulu umthwalo emisebeni ku umzimba.

ultrasound densitometry

Le ndlela uphenyo kusekelwe nesilinganiso wave Isivinini abasebenza ngazo kulo basakaza ebusweni indwangu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-broadband kulinganiselwa ihlakaza ezonini target. Ngenxa yalesi inqubo, onguchwepheshe angakwazi ukuhlola hhayi kuphela kwabantu, kodwa futhi ukuqina kanye kuyaqina ijwabu. Informativeness yalolu cwaningo kakhulu kunabayeni labo ezisetshenziswa X-ray.

ubufakazi

Ibhekane densitometry Kunconywa kule mikhakha elandelayo yezakhamuzi.

• Abantu kokuba ezingaphezu kuka 2 engcupheni kwamathambo.
• Abesifazane ukuya esikhathini. Kumele kuhlolwe indlela yokufakelwa (emva ukususwa amaqanda) nasesimweni sokungasokwa zemvelo.
• Abesilisa abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-50 eminyakeni.
• Iziguli zilethwe kwamathambo ngaso radiographs.
• Abantu kusuka eminyakeni 40 abaye eyodwa noma ngaphezulu waphuka (uma ingozi, uwela, ukulimala emsebenzini noma ezemidlalo).
• Iziguli endocrine kanye pathologies rheumatism.
• Iziguli ukugobeka komhlandla, akwazi ukugcina herniated, ukhwaliti ubuhlungu emuva noma balimala eqolo intambo.
• Labo abathola ukwelashwa kwamathambo (ukunquma kahle).
• Abesifazane, isikhathi eside ukuba basebenzise izinto zokuvimbela inzalo hormone.
• Abantu nge ukwanda kancane (elilodwa kanye amamitha isigamu), hhayi ngenxa ufuzo.
• Abantu Inkomba mass esikwaziyo amayunithi 18.5.

Izimo

Kusukela ekuqaleni kokusebenza kwe-inqubo isiguli echayeke-X-ray ukuchayeka is hhayi Kunconywa densitometry (ngisho ngemithamo emincane) kubantu besifazane abakhulelwe. Lokhu kungenxa ematfuba aphezulu nomthelela omubi emisebeni embungwini. Phakathi kungenzeka ezinye izizathu isifundo contraindicated, kufanele kuphawulwe:

• khona izimila metallic ezisetshenziswayo ekuhlinzeni reconstructive;
• sokuqaqamba kwamalunga yomgogodla;
• ukulimala yamuva, waphuka.

Densitometry akunconyelwe izinsuku ezingu-10 ngemva luhlolo-X-ray usebenzisa Ngokuphambene barium yombala.

ukuqeqeshwa

Densitometry, intengo zazo kuyahlukahluka ruble phakathi 2,000 - inqubo kobuhlungu. Ngaphambi nokuqaliswa kwalo akudingekile nganoma iyiphi indlela ukulungele ngokukhethekile. Ngokuvamile, wokulinganisa kwezicubu ukuminyana kwanele inqubo olulodwa.

Izifundo

Ngaphambi kokwenza inqubo, isiguli uyabuzwa ukususa zonke izinto zokuhloba oluxube metal. Lolu cwaningo akusho ibakhathaze babantu, kuyisici non-koda. Densitometry akakubangeli imiphumela emibi. ubude bayo - imizuzu 5-20. Isikhathi incike inani ucwaningo. Phakathi ukuskena inqubo wenziwa kuma-X ray izindawo lwamathambo. Ukulinganisa ezingeni ukumuncwa emisebeni elungisa inzwa. Kubhekwe le mininingwane, isheduli yakhiwe. Le ngxenye yokukala endaweni projector lokuhlushwa compounds amaminerali. Ngesisekelo ngalezi zinkomba kuyinto ebalisisiwe izicubu kwabantu.

yi

Amanani etholwe ukulinganisa ekupheleni, uzwakalise izinkomba T Z. Eyokuqala T-score eliqhathanisa kwabantu ithambo izicubu isiguli ukulawula nemingcele ngabantu abaphilile engu-30 ubudala. Z Scale ikuvumela ukuba ziqhathaniswa nemingcele isilinganiso sabantu ngokuvumelana uhlanga, ubulili nobudala. Ngokuvamile, ukuqi- kufanele kube hhayi ngaphansana 1 emgomeni. I kwabantu uhla kusuka -1 kuya -2.5 T-score uthathwa njengomgcini osteopenia, isb isimo phambi ukubukeka kwamathambo engozini ngokulinganisela waphuka. Lapho uqhuba zokuxilonga bangeniswa izicubu akhawunti ukuminyana nonuniformity ezizindeni ezihlukahlukene.

Ekuphetheni

Namuhla, uphethwe kwamathambo, ethandwa kakhulu indlela ucwaningo kwaba ngokunembile densitometry. Ivelaphi le nqubo? Lolu cwaningo lwenziwa cishe yonke imizi yezwe, imitholampilo kubasekeli futhi ayibanzi-iphrofayli. Uma kudingeka uphindwe izinqubo ukuthi ukusiza ukulawula umsebenzi phezu isimo amaminerali umzimba. imvamisa yabo ekhethelwe nesineke ngayinye. Lokhu kuthatha zibe izici akhawunti mkhakha, ubudala, yakhe nemlandvo wetekwelashwa kwakhe.