I-oda amaphrojekthi nentuthuko kanye ibhajethi. Kanjani okungukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-kwesabelomali izilinganiso amasiko iziphathimandla?

Ngo bohlu ebanzi imikhakha yebhizinisi ye izilinganiso esetshenziswa. Basuke ukusetshenziselwa ohlelweni lokusebenzisa imali, imisebenzi izinkampani zangasese. Izilinganiso - phakathi imibhalo njalo kunazo esetshenziswa embonini yezokwakha. ukuthuthukiswa yabo kanye luhlolo kungaba kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nezinga lendawo yangaphakathi yebhizinisi, kuncike imithombo ezisemthethweni, umthetho sisebenza emazingeni ahlukahlukene. Olunye uhlobo ngokuvamile kuveza izilinganiso? Uyini ngokucacile sokulungiselela yabo Russian uhlelo lokusetshenziswa kwemali?

Yini okungukuthi isilinganiso?

Ngaphambi kokucabangela le ngendlela ukulinganisela wenziwa ukuthuthukiswa, sitadisha ukuthi kungenzeka. Ngokuhambisana iphuzu ezivamile umbono ukuze ukulinganisela ukuze kuqondwe uhlelo izindleko (kwezinye izimo - njengoba engenayo) njengengxenye iphrojekthi noma isiqondiso umsebenti wetemnotfo.

Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we okukhulunywa lungasetshenziswa ngokomongo zokuxazulula izinkinga zokubala. Kulokhu, ingxenye eyinhloko plan isabelomali kungaba imali engenayo kanye nezindleko, ezisetshenziswa kuzo ukuze sikhokhele ezihlukahlukene Izinjongo ibhizinisi. Kukhona izilinganiso izikhungo mali, amelela uhlelo lwezimali owawuthi izimali kumele litholakale izinhlangano nomasipala, kanye wachitha. Ngokuvamile, lokhu ukulinganisela izindleko isetshenziswa ukuhlola imiphumela imisebenzi yezezimali esikhathini esizayo.

izindleko ezilinganiselwa

Kufanele kubhekwe ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwethemu welithi "nenani elilinganisiwe". Kuyini ngokucacile yayo?

Linganisela - idokhumenti ifomu zazo has a isakhiwo ingashintshwa ukuze izinkinga zezimali ukuqaliswa yephrojekthi noma uhlelo kwezindleko. I ezilinganisiwe izindleko - okungukuthi isamba semali ukuze kuqaliswe iphrojekthi usebenzisa achazwe uhlu izinto kanye ukuzibandakanya we lohleliwe imisebenzi - okungukuthi, esinqunyiwe ngesimo idokhumenti. Ngokusobala, izindleko ezilinganiselwa - iyingxenye ebalulekile isabelomali. Ngaphandle-ke, empeleni uba fomu.

amabhajethi Development cishe ihilela ukubala yenani abafanele. Kulokhu, ukuze baxazulule le nkinga enkampanini ungachitha izinsiza kakhulu - lobuchwepheshe, izisebenzi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kwezinye izimo ku izilinganiso - like amafomu, akuphazamisi wonke izindleko zalo msebenzi. Ngezinye izikhathi iqinile ikhumbula imikhawulo kunokuba ukusebenza langempela. Okokuqala, njengoba umthetho, kazanelisi balinganisela injongo - njengoba idokhumenti ngokuvumela ukuba thembeke ukulinganisela izindleko (noma izimali) kohlaka iphrojekthi.

Ukusetshenziswa izilinganiso

Phakathi izicelo ezivame kakhulu yale dokhumenti - ukwakhiwa, lokulandisa ukuzibophezela isabelomali. Njengomthetho, nezilinganiso azibonisi schedule, owawuthi izinkinga ezithile kwezomnotho isixazululekile. Ngakho-ke, izinkampani eziningi uncamela ukungasebenzisi inhlobo efanele kwemibhalo lapho esebenza amaphrojekthi amakhulu, ngoba kulesi simo kungenzeka ukuvimbela efanele ekuhleleni.

Nokho, isabelomali ukuthuthukiswa kungenzeka esisemqoka, uma kukhombisa ulwazi mayelana iholo noma izindleko kohlaka iphrojekthi liyadingeka kusukela isakhiwo inkontileka, owawuthi inkampani enomthelela isinqumo oPhethe izimpokophelo ikhasimende for iphrojekthi. Kulokhu, balinganisela kuyoba ingxenye ebalulekile inkontileka. Kuzothatha isiqinisekiso wakhe phezu kwabo bobabili abahlanganyeli ubudlelwane zomthetho.

Ngo eziningi izimo, izilinganiso akuzona eziningana amadokhumenti: njengoba umthetho, lokhu kungenxa imisebenzi ngqo ukwakhiwa nezezimboni izinkampani. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, amaphrojekthi amancane eziyizici ezomnotho amafemu amancane, isibonelo, ukuhlinzeka amasevisi kwezifiso izakhamuzi kungenziwa emelelwa emthonjeni owodwa kokuba isakhiwo esilula.

Ukuthuthukiswa izilinganiso - inkinga ejwayelekile izikhungo kwesabelomali. Le dokhumenti ngeke sibonakalise izimali kanye nezindleko ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo zemizimba ephakeme noma amalungiselelo elawula umthetho.

I izilinganiso ezahlukene phrojekthi?

Kukhona eduze izilinganiso nezinye izinjongo, futhi kwezinye izimo, isakhiwo uhlobo lombhalo - okusalungiswa. Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukulinganisela angase abe ingxenye iphrojekthi, futhi icebo ukwabelana imithombo olucutshungulwayo kuyinto ejwayelekile. I-oda amaphrojekthi ukuthuthukiswa kanye nezilinganiso kuleli cala bangase ilungiswe imithombo jikelele bendawo lomthetho uma sicabangela iqiniso lokuthi zombili izinhlobo imibhalo kungahlanganiswa.

Okusalungiswa ngokuvamile ngaphezulu isakhiwo eningi futhi eyinkimbinkimbi umthombo. Kungaba qhutshwa, ngokukhethekile, lokulungisiswa izinto ezithile ezidinga kukhishwe imali, noma izincazelo mayelana imithombo imali. I Ukulinganiswa ithumba kuphela kokubili.

Le phrojekthi idokhumenti ngokuvamile kudinga izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe ukwamukelwa, kusukela kumagama okumunyethwe kuwo, bangayiqonda ezihlukahlukene izinyathelo lisisebenzisa amaqembu, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi ezihlobene nokuvikeleka wezimali. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, ukuthuthukiswa iphrojekthi izindleko ngokuvamile kuhilela ukudlula i ezifanele idokhumenti izimo ezimbalwa sizongena.

Ukwahlukaniswa izilinganiso

Empeleni, yini izilinganiso? Kunezindlela eziningana ngemibandela imithombo datha ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka ukuthi. Izindlela zokuthuthukisa izilinganiso for izindleko zokukhiqiza noma amasevisi izodinga usizo lwenu ngokuyinhloko phezu uhlobo oluthile dokhumenti.

Kukhona imithombo uhlobo lwendawo. Basuke fixed izindleko, njengoba umthetho, ohlwini sasivumela ewumngcingo imisebenzi noma amasevisi ngaphambilini ngaphansi project. Kodwa ulwazi kuveziwe embikweni okhuthaza izilinganiso zendawo, njengoba umthetho, kukhona enemininingwane kakhulu. Lokhu okungukuthi okushiwo idokhumenti - elinemininingwane nokukhawulela izindleko. Isabelomali ukuthuthukiswa uhlobo wendawo ngokuvamile kakhulu kudingekile ngenxa ngesidingo sokubonisa kubahlanganyeli project izibalo zesikhashana ngokubaluleka kwazo lapho besanda kuqala kokusebenza, lapho reflection eningiliziwe ukusebenza nzima.

Kukhona izilinganiso into. Empeleni, sihlanganise imibhalo ephathelene zendawo, ukuthi correlate nge yisiphi isihloko esithile - ngokwesibonelo, ibhilidi noma isakhiwo, uma kuziwa ukulinganisela ukwakhiwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi idokhumenti into ezimweni eziningi, uvumela inkampani cabangela izindleko ezingaqondile, ukuthi zingahlanganiswa, isibonelo, ukwanda kwesizini amanani iziphi izinto noma umsebenzi.

Uma lendawo umthombo okungukuthi kakhulu ngokuvamile athuthukile yinkampani ngokuzimela, inkontileka sokuthuthukiswa balinganisela into uhlobo ikani kakade baphetha ukusuka ezikhethekile inhlangano esihlinzeka izinsizakalo ukulungiswa efanele imibhalo.

Uhlobo elilandelayo kwemibhalo ukuthi baziwa engenayo kanye nezindleko - akhawunti ehlanganisiwe. It amarekhodi ulwazi kuzo zonke ezikhona izilinganiso, okukuvumela ukuba thembeke ukulinganisela ukukhokhelwa umthwalo ibhizinisi ehambisana nephrojekthi.

Kutfutfukiswa izilinganiso zendawo, into, kanye nalabo ezihlobene imithombo ehlanganisiwe, engenziwa iziqondiso naphakathi, futhi kucatshangelwa amalungiselelo angokomthetho livikeleke umthetho kahulumeni.

Enye ezivamile ngezigaba nenqubomgomo izilinganiso - zokuhlukanisa kubo kwelinye noma ezinye kwezomnotho wemboni. Ngakho, ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuthutha kubiza izilinganiso noma, isibonelo, eziphathelene nezinsiza zezimali zingase kwenziwe.

Phakathi kakhulu likufuna imibhalo yohlobo olufanele - yibo obusetshenziswa embonini yezokwakha, kanye imisebenzi nezikhungo zomphakathi. Ake sixoxe ngazo ngokuningiliziwe ethile.

ukwakhiwa izindleko ukulinganisela

Lolu hlobo izilinganiso achazwayo ukunquma inani lemali ezidingekayo nemikhankaso yokwakha - ngokuvamile okuqondene isigaba capital. Izilinganiso ekwakhiweni zenziwa ikhumbula okuthandwa ikhasimende okhokhela izindleko ezihambisana nezinto ezazibaluleke unjiniyela. Kufanele engabe ukuthola ukusilela phakathi kwezinhlangano of ubudlelwano zomthetho. ukuthuthukiswa isabelomali - inqubo kulesi simo empeleni kuyinto ngokuhlanganyela. Ukufinyelela ebucayini ukusebenza sizongena dokhumenti ikakhulukazi eyenziwa:

- uthole ingxoxo eningiliziwe ngamunye izinto isabelomali ukuze izindleko imisebenzi kanye nezinto ezibhaliwe;

- ukuthuthukiswa ukuncintisana insimbi - uma ikhasimende ngokumnika izimo suiting kulinganiselwa ngaso Onjiniyela eziningana, ulindela phakathi kwabo kukhona nalabo uvuma ohlwini olufanele izindleko;

- Ukuxhumana yomuntu wesithathu ukuxoxa isabelomali - ngokuthi umlamuleli (kwezinye izimo kokuthola isinqumo Inqubomgomo siqine, uma kukhona uchungechunge umyalo phakathi kuncike idatha kanye amaqembu of ubudlelwano zomthetho kohlaka wokwakha).

Ukuze ukwakheka izilinganiso esivela ukwakhiwa ngezigaba kwemibhalo ezifanele mayelana nemibandela esikuhlolile ngenhla. Okusho ukuthi liphethwe isigaba sendawo, into nezifinyezo.

Ukuthuthukisa izindleko izilinganiso umsebenzi wokwakha, Ngakho-ke, kungaba neziqondiso yangaphakathi yenkampani nezindinganiso olusemthethweni neziqondiso asethwe kule nomthetho. Kwezinye izimo, ukunamathela imithetho yangakini kanye imithombo ezisemthethweni umthetho kungenzeka kubangelwa luhlolo kwemibhalo embuzweni. Masitadishe lesi sici kabanzi.

Ukuhlola izilinganiso

Ukuthuthukisa izindleko izilinganiso for ukwakhiwa bento noma injongo ukusetshenziswa kwezinye ensimini kwezomnotho kuthathwa ukubonakala ibhizinisi kudingeka ukubandakanya ongoti zangaphandle maqondana imibhalo embuzweni. Yiziphi izici zalo?

Ukuhlola izilinganiso - omunye izigaba ezisemqoka amaphrojekthi commercial. It wenziwa njengoba eliphakathi nendawo phakathi izindleko zokuhlela futhi ngokwenza imisebenzi ngokuqondile (noma ukusetshenziswa inkonzo). Inqubo luhlolo kubhekwe kuyinto ezilandelanayo ukuhlaziya imibhalo akha nezilinganiso (ngenhla sibonile ukuthi kungaba eziningana, futhi kwezinye izimo zingase okwethulwa semali). Lezi zinqubo lwenziwa ngokulandela imithetho yasendaweni, ngezinye izikhathi - amazinga olusemthethweni kanye nezinye iziqondiso.

Ukuthuthukisa izindleko izilinganiso for umsebenzi design kungenziwa ephelezelwa isidingo ukuchaza algorithm oluthize Ukuhlola izakhi ngazinye imibhalo project, okungabandakanya emithonjeni ehlukene. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukubandakanywa luhlolo kwezinsimbi zomculo kungukuthi njalo kwenziwe. Ngokuvamile-ke, kuyadingeka uma:

- kufanele kwenzeke ukuqeda amalungiselelo ukuguquguquka imithetho okusalungiswa;

- mhlawumbe kukhona iphutha ekunqumeni kwemigomo izindleko ehleliwe yomsebenzi kanye nezinto ezibhaliwe, okuza izinguquko amanani ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamanani ezimpahla kanye neminye imithetho emakethe;

- isidingo bala izindleko kwiphrojekthi amanje nawesikhathi esivezwa amanani.

Examination, okuyinto ucubungula ngezinga elingakanani ukuthuthukisa izinga okusezingeni olwenziwa izilinganiso izindleko zokukhiqiza noma ekwakheni izakhiwo kungaba ezimele kanye nekahulumeni. Uhlobo lokuqala inqubo avame ehilelekile usuvele nokulungisa amaphepha phrojekthi. Eyesibili uhlobo luhlolo kungaba bazibandakanye kunoma yisiphi isigaba iphrojekthi. Sifundela imininingwane eqondile kokubili izinqubo.

Izici yangasese uchwepheshe ulinganisela

Lolu hlobo lwe-luhlolo uqhutshwa ngokuyinhloko ukuhlola ubuqiniso okufakiwe ezilotshwe isabelomali, kanye zibheke kwezomnotho izindleko, okuyinto ziyabonakala kule dokhumenti. Yiqiniso, ukuthi izindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu luhlolo yangasese siphathelene definition sokuhambisana nezimfuneko isabelomali komthetho Russian endaweni ethile lapho - ubudlelwano zomthetho phakathi kwekhasimende kanye unjiniyela. Futhi kulesi sibalo kungaba ukwenza amaprojekthi omphakathi.

Phakathi ngokuqinile, wayala ama-luhlolo, kanye nenhlangano, okuyinto inikeza, kuba isivumelwano elehlukile, ilandisa zinsaba ukuthi kudingeka zixazululwe ngaphakathi kohlaka inqubo efanele. Izindleko izilinganiso for ukuhlolwa izinga kunqunywa okusekelwe izinkomba emakethe, noma nsuku nezivumelwano.

Izici ubuchwepheshe isimo izilinganiso

Umsebenzi oyinhloko luhlolo isimo - ukuhlolwa kahle kanjani inqubo ukuthuthukiswa izindleko izilinganiso namanye amadokhumenti ku kohlaka project ngesisekelo izindinganiso zomthetho. Njengomthetho, lapho ucabangela imithombo yedatha umnyango kahulumeni abanekhono uyakucabangela isigaba zokwakha (sivuma ukuthi sikhuluma emkhakheni kwezomnotho). Lawa angathunyelwa oluthathwa kulokhu ngesisekelo ubulungu babo:

- I-izinto eziyingozi;

- ezikhungweni uyinkimbinkimbi;

- into ehlukile.

Ngakho, luhlolo isimo esibonisa ukuthi nokufaneleka imibhalo design iphrojekthi eziphathelene isigaba esithile, nezimfuneko zomthetho asethwe uhlobo izakhiwo kanye nezinhlaka.

isimo Luhlolo yezindleko tilinganiso ezihambisana imibhalo design kuchaziwe iziqondiso ehlukile. Ngokuvamile, ukuba bafeze lo inqubo izindleko zimumethe imisebenzi ekhethekile emphakathini.

Ngakho safunda indlela lapho izilinganiso abazimisele futhi ahlobene imibhalo project embonini yezokwakha. It may kuqashelwe ukuthi, ngokuvamile, ezifanayo nemigomo efanele imithombo eyakheke futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezinye ezinkulu ibhizinisi imikhakha. Kutfutfukiswa izilinganiso izindleko zokugibela, isibonelo, ethengisiwe mayelana efanayo algorithm. Kodwa zikhona umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ukuthi lwaleli inqubo. I-oda amaphrojekthi ukuthuthukiswa kanye nezilinganiso ingahluka kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ukusebenza izinkampani lomuntu oyedwa, uma sicabanga izindawo lapho abakuhlakulelayo, ngokomthethonqubo zomthetho, imininingwane izinqubo zebhizinisi ezingeni kwemboni noma inkampani ethile.

Omunye umkhakha lapho ukusetshenziswa ezivamile emithonjeni efana - imisebenzi izinhlangano kwesabelomali. Lawa angathunyelwa khona anhlobonhlobo - correlative roomates neziphathimandla eziningi ezisebenza Russian Federation emazingeni ahlukahlukene. Ungakwazi isibonelo ukubona imininingwane yalolu izilinganiso isabelomali ne-Federal Customs Service. Le nhlangano njalo ukuzixazulula izinkinga ezihlobene ne ukuthuthukiswa imibhalo ezifanele.

Izilinganiso ezinhlanganweni isabelomali: FCS iziqondiso

Kutfutfukiswa isabelomali izilinganiso ukuba amasiko iziphathimandla wenziwa ngesisekelo izinhlinzeko zoMthetho Order of the FCS Russia № 1627 wathola 27.12.2007. Lesi senzo normative evunyiwe inqubo kwenta tinhlaka, ukwamukela nokugcina amabhajethi amasiko izakhiwo ngaphakathi kohlaka isabelomali sikahulumeni ngokuhambisana nezidingo RF Ikhodi Ibhajethi, kanye oda we-Ministry of Finance.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko emizimbeni ezibika FCS - ukulinganisa efanele, unikeze iyunifomu kanye nokusetshenziswa okubhekiswe kwezimali, okuyinto ziyabonakala e imibhalo isabelomali. Masitadishe indlela lapho ukuthuthukiswa Kwenziwa ngqo abiza izilinganiso, kanye ukwamukelwa kwabo ngaphakathi kohlaka amasiko izakhiwo.

Ukuthuthukiswa nokuvunywa amabhajethi e FCS

Ingqikithi yalo izilinganiso isabelomali izidumbu benesibopho sokulandisa FCS, ukusungula ubukhulu nokusatshalaliswa izimali zisetshenziswa ngesisekelo amasiko alethwe isakhiwo kukhawulela izibopho phezu izindleko engasetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza izinhlangano.

Izilinganiso kulokhu kusekelwe esungulwe ukukhokhelwa kwentela ukusetshenziswa kwesabelomali izimali, kanye nenani isibopho ukuphathiswa imikhawulo. Okubukwe idokhumenti zezimali okungavunyelwa kuphela uma lokulungisiswa obhekene kwakha luhlaka umzimba wayo okuhloswe.

I izilinganiso Isabelomali FCS senziwa ngqo othola imali kusuka isabelomali futhi ivunyelwe zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10 ngemuva lapho kwemukelwa khona uhlelo supply. ikhophi Omunye idokhumenti elihambisana ithunyelwe ephakeme isakhiwo FCS ukulawula izinjongo.

Izibalo nezilinganiso kusazokwenziwa nokusetshenziswa eshiwo amakhodi isabelomali ngezigaba. Le ndawo nokuqukethwe idokhumenti kufanele kuvele itafula, okutshengisa amakhodi ngayinye imigqa, amagama ngoba izindleko ezikhokhelwa ngesabelomali, isabelomali ngezigaba amakhodi, kanye nenani into ngayinye izindleko amasiko igunya.

Ukugcina amabhajethi e FCS

Ngakho, izilinganiso isabelomali ukuthuthukiswa amasiko iziphathimandla wenziwa ngendlela ebekwe oda iminyango ngabanye. Ngokufanayo kuchazwe algorithm imibhalo efanele kuleli izakhiwo ezibika FCS. Ake sicabangele ke kabanzi.

Ukugcina amabhajethi e FCS yinqubo lapho ukulungiswa wenziwa idokhumenti ezifanele, futhi, phakathi komkhawulo ecacisiwe nezibopho ngaphansi Ukudluliselwa isabelomali. Lezi zinguquko Senziwe ukulinganisela ngokulungisa ivolumu izabelo isabelomali izilinganiso. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ukuqaliswa enjalo izinqubo kudinga ushintsho kwemingcele, umuntu obhekene umdwebo isabelo sezimali, bazihlela zabo nezenzo ne ephakeme izakhiwo we FCS.

Ukuvunyelwa zokulungiswa kule dokhumenti isabelomali wenziwa umuntu onesibopho, ngubani ukwamukele nezilinganiso esihambisanayo amasiko igunya noma isikhungo esithile. I-oda we FCS futhi kuthiwa ukuthi ushintsho kule izilinganiso akufanele ephelezelwa ukwakheka izikweletu abakweletwayo ', kwehlisa nezinhlobo ezithile ngezigaba amakhodi kokusebenza kwezomnotho ohlelweni isabelomali.