Into 292: Ukucaciswa, nomkhiqizi

Munye walemisebenti Imbangela yempi yesimanje armored okuqinisekisiwe hhayi kuphela nokuqedwa amaphethini akhona ezenzo amathangi isitha, kodwa futhi ithuthukiswe onobuhle, okuyinto kulindeleke esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Ukuze ugcine ibha lobuholi emkhakheni izimoto ukulwa, Eighties kwekhulu elidlule, uhulumeni wamaSoviet awuzange usiyale ukuthuthukisa ikhodi-okuthiwa iphrojekthi "Into 292". Ethangini entsha kwakumelwe kube Ukuvikelwa anda futhi yithuluzi elinamandla.

Esigabeni sokuqala nentuthuko

Ochwepheshe "Spetsmash" (Kirov) kanye VNIITransmash abakhi ' "waqala umsebenzi wokwakha in the Eighties sekwephuzile. Umgomo oyinhloko developers kwaba ukwakha imoto ukulwa ngethuluzi amandla anda. Asinakusho ukuthi umsebenzi wokwakha lwenziwe ekhuthele kakhulu. Okuningi kwakuxhomeke ngezimali ngesikhathi esifanele, okwakuyinto.

I sibonelo lokuqala sokudubula eyenziwa ngo-1990 eseneminyaka indawo eduze Petersburg. Kwakuyisikhathi ithangi T-80, ifakwe isibhamu, 152,4 amamilimitha angu. Ngokusho izibalo, i-firepower Kwandiswa ngesigamu.

Phakathi izazi abasebenze ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe obusha kungenziwa kuphawulwe AK Dzyavgo (Prize ka umklomelo nesimo) Jikelele Umklami, iNhloko yoMnyango izikhali Hlopova A. I., umklami Shpagin, Konokotin futhi Gayninova. Ngaphandle kwabo, kwaba khona abangu-abasebenzi eziningi zalezi bureau, kanye eziningi izinkampani zobunjiniyela ezikhethekile.

imibono emisha

Ukuze uthole ngesisekelo amasu zokuhlola uphikisana 292 esibonelweni ukukhiqizwa T-80 BB. Ngaphansi yithuluzi elinamandla yakhelwe umbhoshongo ehloniphekile ehhovisi design. On umlando indalo yayo ukukhuluma ngokwehlukana. Ekuqaleni lesi sici yadalwa Izhora isitshalo. Kodwa wala kwi umyalelo ophuthumayo ngezizathu zokuthi khona umthwalo omkhulu kufakwe nge imishini.

Inkontileka supply imoto armored nge isibhamu ngcono Kwase kusele kancane kokuwa. Abaklami bathole indlela. New umbhoshongo uhlobo ashiselwe yokwakhiwa yasekuqaleni kwadalwa unjiniyela Solovev N. N. wenza imininingwane wayala ZHDANOVSKY Machine-Isakhiwo Plant (Mariupol). Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isivumelwano olufanele kuphothuliwe ukuqaliswa umsebenzi futhi eze ukubambezeleka.

ezintsha Solutions

Ukuze zihambisane inqubo, kwanqunywa ukuba iphothule into 292 KB amabutho. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-umbhoshongo wayala novikov. Into ngokwayo kamuva zabhekana izinguquko eziningi, okuyilezi:

• Umbhoshongo lalisendaweni izintuba entsha tide, ibalwa izilinganiso 152,4 mm ubukhulu izibhamu.
• It sishintsha geometry ka ezingemuva ingxenye.
• Isisindo umbhoshongo anda ngokusebenzisa ukufakwa wezimpahla ekhethekile.
• Kukhona niches ekhethekile.

Ngcono olusha engenhla esiphathiswe omunye izitolo Kirov isitshalo. Kwenye ingxenye isitshalo babebhala prototypes yamahhashi izicathulo.

Ngenxa yalokho, futhi wadalwa manje abadumile into-292 - ithangi ukuthi wayengeyena nje umbhoshongo olusha ngesibhamu enamandla futhi lahlukene ngcono. Futhi uzinake iyisingeniso ezintsha we Imigudu skwele fenolona terroidalnye futhi treadmills.

Izinzuzo isampuli entsha

Ukuguqulwa entsha imoto libhekene lonke iqoqo updates, ikakhulukazi lobuchwepheshe ingxenye. "Abagijimi" okuthuthukisiwe awadingekile e ukucutshungulwa ephezulu imvamisa imisinga, futhi sishubiswa le mandrel.

Ngaphezu kwalokho:

• kakhulu anda ngezikhwepha ngesikhathi labadubuli;
• nezinye izinkinga washiya okwenzeka ochungechungeni yangaphambilini nge ibhola nithela indlela;
• ngcono umsebenzi isimame;
• ukunemba isibhamu baba sizinze kakhulu nge ezilingene ovundlile roll;
• Akusadingeki ukuba usebenzise amafutha ejwayelekile in inqwaba (indawo inhlanganisela bisulfite).

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi "Into-292" futhi itholakala kuwo isayithi Malyshev Plant (laseKharkov). Zonke lezi zinzuzo Kuye kwaphawulwa. Uma qhathanisa ukwakha uhlelo ukushintshwa efanayo US naseJalimane ke pullback kweSoviet futhi ukusebenzisa umshini yabonisa kube nomphumela omuhle kakhulu.

ukuhlolwa

Xazulula izinkinga eziyisisekelo ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi amasha, okuvumela ezihlukahlukene imibono ezintsha. Kits enikeziwe ukusetshenziswa uhlobo piston valve esikhundleni samuntu nhlonhlo. Kungenzeka ukuba ugweme iconsi we chweba main lapho wadubula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo design ifakwe i ingashiswa emoyeni, owathatha ngemva ejector. onjiniyela Mechanical kusukela Mariupol zazenzela umbhoshongo eside elindelwe ekhonjiswe Pioneer isakhiwo ongenza iyiphi inombolo amasampula ezinjalo - ngaphambilini kuphela.

Uma siphendukela ukuhlolwa kubhekwe ukulwa imoto, kungase kuqashelwe ukuthi ngcono T-80 (Project 292) kwabonisa imiphumela siwusizo kakhulu. Phakathi ezicini ezinhle ochwepheshe kuqashelwe lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ngemishini kanye nokusimama kukhona ezingeni elifanele, kwenzeka naphezu osezingeni isibhamu esikhulu;
• ukusebenza ballistic kudlulwe cishe isigamu ukuthi kwamazinga uhlobo zomculo 2A-46M-1 (125 mm);
• Wonke amayunithi baye babonisa ithembekile;
• umthelela ukumelana namazinga ukusheshisa wahlangana imithwalo engaqhathaniswa design nemingcele.

Ngemva ukuhlolwa, kwaba sobala ukuthi ukulungiselelwa kwi "Into 292" isibhamu kwagcizelela - kuyinto engokoqobo ezingase zithathwe. Design Office elinezikhonzi baqhubeka ukuthuthukisa, kodwa hhayi yonke into elula kangaka.

amathemba

Ngemva kokufaka amathuluzi sithuthukiswe wakwazi ukwandisa amandla ethangini yasekhaya, ukufakazela practice futhi ngemcondvo, ukuthi kukhona amathemba kanye namathuba incarnation wakhulelwa iphrojekthi ekuphileni. Into 292 (152.4 mm ubukhulu) ukuze ngibe omunye amathangi sesabeka kakhulu emhlabeni.

Njengoba kuphawuliwe ochwepheshe emuva kokwenziwa yimpumelelo ikhasimende liye wayengakaze abonise isithakazelo esingako ekukhiqizeni serial nokulungiswa kubhekwe. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kungenxa kokuwa kweSoviet Union, izingxoxo amazwe aseNtshonalanga ku nokwehla yezikhali futhi ukungakwazi zezimali. Ngo ukuthuthukiswa esizayo imoto armored limiswe futhi kamuva simisiwe nhlobo. Noma kunjalo, search for izinketho kunazo zonke izinto ezingenzeka hlanganisa impumelelo abaklami kweSoviet futhi ubuchwepheshe bamuva.

izici

Okulandelayo main nemingcele lobuchwepheshe imodeli:

1. Chassis - olwesimanje nge okubhekwe ukufakwa umbhoshongo ngaphansi isibhamu osezingeni 152 mm.
2. The main isizinda kanye chassis - ithangi prototype T-80.
3. Kushintshwe indlela ukushaja.
4. uhlobo zempi - a steel inhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ukushintshashintsha protivosnaryadnym
5. Ububanzi / ukuphakama / phansi imvume - 3,65 / 2,19 / 0,45 amamitha.
6. Amandla amandla iyunithi - 1250 amandla amahhashi.
7. Ukumiswa - torsion idivayisi ngamunye.

tank Okubukwe libhekisela sibonelo izisebenzi yakhelwe abantu abathathu, wazibonela futhi isampula umnyuziki kuphela eyakhishwa ngo nesishiyagalolunye ngonyaka ayisishiyagalolunye kuqala.

izikhali

Esikhathini isampula kubhekwe yafakwa smoothbore isibhamu osezingeni 152,4 mm. Ubukhulu bayo cishe ingeqi ubukhulu izikhali njalo, kodwa ukusebenza ballistic namandla ku ukuze siphumelele. Umbhoshongo alungisa for amandla nokuqina ngokuvumelana izinkomba kohlelo ukulwa. Ngokuzayo kuhlelwe ukufakwa izibhamu nezinye izinto. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuba lokhu ingafinyeleleki. Samuntu yakhelwe ukuba ogibele design entsha ye chassis ukulwa imoto T-80 ngaphandle rework.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Omunye Abaklami ehola owaba nengxenye design ethangini akhuluma ngayo, waletha amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngokuphathelene kulo mshini. Waphawula ukuthi inqubo lwavivinywa ku Rzhev landfill. Thina acabangele izici kwamandla isibhamu, ukunemba kanye nokwethulwa ngokuyiko kwezinhlelo isiqondiso indiza. Zonke izici Wamukele kokuhlaziywa omuhle. Noma kunjalo, yokwakha kabusha, nokubambisana letihlomulisa ngefomethi ngamazwe, kanye nemibandela epolitiki athathe nethonya. Iphrojekthi ahlehliswa, kanye nokuqiniswa balelo butho nezinye yayisalokhu ungaqiniseki.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi phansi amabutho Russian behlome ngemibese umshini BMPT kubhekwe luvame format (ukulwa ukwesekwa amathangi), ukuthuthukiswa kakhulu nezempi ngokuhambisana isikhathi ukunika Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kakhulu futhi umthamo ukwandisa kuhlasela futhi ukuzivikela namakhono.

umlando wanamuhla

nezindaba Negative zezimali futhi impikiswano zezombusazwe wadlala ihlaya elibi nomunye ngentuthuko ethembisa kakhulu isakhiwo ithangi yasekhaya. Ekwindla ka-2007, JSC "Spetsmash" abasebenzi ezithunyelwa eseyintsha ekhungathekile kwelinye izindawo suburban. Into 292 e Kubinka ukhonza njengelungu emnyuziyamu othile. Wonke umuntu angabona ke Kwabantu Ebusosheni Historical Museum of izimoto armored nezikhali.

Sethemba, ekuthuthukisweni izingqondo elikhanyayo ngeke ube yize. Okuningi ngcono, sashintsha, kwavele sesimanje. Ngokungangabazeki, kukhona elinesihloko amaphrojekthi we abaklami enkulu Soviet, okwathi ngemva kwesikhathi sabo zazihlale a ngaphambi mncintiswano isinyathelo.