Indlela yokukhokhela amanzi phezu counter? yamanani Amanzi. Imitha lamanzi tariff

Ingabe ingozi yamanzi phezu ukukhokhelwa esiphikisayo eRussia past 5 iminyaka izikhathi eziningana ezashintsha ifomula ayo? Inketho wesibili Russian Uhulumeni Ukulungiswa № 354 ka 06.05.2011, sisondelene kokuhlukile elilungile ukucinga kakhulu, indlela yokukhokhela amanzi phezu counter. Nokho, ungaqiniseka ukuthi lokhu akusilo iphuzu yokuphela ukufuna amakhambi, ngoba yinkinga lokhu sphere isobala.

inqubomgomo tariff Inketho kuchwepheshe

Njengoba umqondisi we-Association of Amanzi namanzi Elena Dovlatova, essence akuyona beveza ifomula. Phela, ungakwazi bangaphezi "ukuthuthukisa" indlela izakhamuzi ezengeziwe uhlelo phezulu eyenziwe ukungapheleli amanethiwekhi. kuwusizo kakhulu ekuqaleni ukutshala emkhakheni imali yangempela ukuthengisela, bese - ukuqala ukuthuthukisa.

Ngokubona kwakhe, akwanele, njengoba umthombo utshalomali main, amanani akhona we amanzi (e Moscow, imitha cubic amanzi abandayo kubiza ruble 28 kopecks 40, kushisa - .. 125 ruble 59 kopecks) Izimali angatholakala ngemuva ekunyuseni amanani amanzi for labantu futhi kumabhizinisi pan-European. Hlobo luni rise in amanani okukhulunywa? Cishe ababili - emibili nengxenye izikhathi: lebanga lentengo amanzi abandayo eYurophu: kusuka 1.5 2 euro ngalinye imitha cubic (ruble 61,5 kuya 82).

Nokho, lapha futhi kukhona ukungabaza: is the umqondisi ophethe libhekisele sihlanganisa lonke izwe laseRussia? Phela, kukhona izwe elikhulu, ake sithi, laseStavropol esifundeni intengo amanzi ephakeme engxenyeni.

"Amanzi" impikiswano

Ngaphambi ukukhokhela amanzi ngesikhathi ngabanye imitha ezweni lonke, Elena uthi, kufanele uchithe ngempela kulungiswe, "bula" yenkinga inqubomgomo yezenhlalakahle, ephoqa abasebenzisi zamanje "ukukhokhela esidlule." Uma bathathe leli cala wesistimu, wathi, ukwakhiwa ukwelashwa izindawo kuzothatha iminyaka engu-3, ngesikhathi esifanele futhi kuthatha nokuvuselelwa ipayipi. Nokho, kunezinye imicabango yabantu. Sergey sokugcina, umhleli oyinhloko we-ukushicilelwa "kwamanzi futhi indle", umelana ke, ukukhumbula ukuthi inzuzo Mosvodokanal ngo-2010 akuzange ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi, futhi ruble 4 billion. Njengoba lokhu Ukusabalala esidlangalaleni lokhu kokwaziswa kuye kwabangela ngesikhathi esifanele igagasi ukugxekwa, kusukela inzuzo yomsebenzi wezomnotho Mosvodokanalom lithulisiwe.

likaprofesa wokusebenza MSTU. Baumana Ovanes yena, eveza ukubhuqa, ngokubala "ibhizinisi amanzi" inzuzo, futhi isihluthulelo indlela yokukhokhela amanzi phezu counter, ebona ukudicilela Izinsiza kwinqubomgomo izisebenzi akazange agxile abaphathi, kanye nezifundiswa futhi sigudluke nge notshwala zezimali emanzini. Nokho, impikiswano ngaphandle kwemiphumela esisebenzayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ongathwali isithakazelo ukuze umphakathi.

Ukukhokhela amanzi kusukela iphuzu umthengi umbono

Uma ungenalo amamitha, ukhokhela amanzi, eqondiswa yinto evamile ukusetshenziswa kwalo umuntu oyedwa. Ukuze eMoscow, kuba 6.381 imitha cubic amanzi abandayo kanye 4.366 imitha cubic - hot. Uma umsebenzisi ukufakwa kwamamitha amanzi, khona-ke "kungazelelwe" kuvela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa salo nengxenye.

Indlela yokukhokhela amanzi phezu counter? Ezimweni eziningi sikhuluma isigubhu imitha. It cubic metres amanzi angcolile ziboniswa ku-accrual isisekelo yokuqala emine - Slots ezinhlanu, zaveza abamnyama. Red umqhewu show, ngokulandelana, ledesimali. Inqubo yokudlulisa izinkomba ezinjalo ngamamitha angama-cubic kilometer eyayifunwa endinyaneni "c" kwesigaba 34 soMthetho Ukulungiswa 354. wamemezela isikhathi esihlanganisa ukufundwa 23 th-25 ngosuku th lwenyanga. Dlulisa ukufundwa umuntu amamitha amanzi (IPU) kungenzeka ngosuku 26 th kukonke. Uma umthengi nsizakalo ayizange idluliselwe wobufakazi, ngokuvumelana isimangalo 59 ke izofakwa ukufundwa nyangazonke isilinganiso.

Uma amanzi flat ihlinzekwa e risers eziningana amanzi, ngokulandelana, kukhona amamitha amaningi kanye nezinkomba zingezwa.

Umphumela we-summation imibiko umthengi noma ama-akhawunti inkampani ukuphathwa noma isikhungo lokukhokha.

Khona - ngesisekelo eyanikezwa umsebenzisi - accounting accrual wenkampani ukuphathwa wenza izikweletu amakhasimende. It wenziwa ngokuvumelana amafomula Ukulungiswa 354 futhi eziboniswa amthume ikheli lasekhaya irisidi, futhi eqinisweni - Thenga ama-akhawunti akhokhwayo.

Amanani ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi

Amanani amanzi eRussia ukuthambekela eqinile ukwandisa. Ngokwe-ohambelana Federal Service, kusukela ngoJulayi iminyaka 2014 ngesisekelo isibikezelo izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali 6%, amazinga amanzi kuzokwanda 4.2% (sibalo etholwe ngokusebenzisa ezifana zamanje Computing Coefficient 0.7). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ehlobo lika-2014 eRussia kuzokwethulwa amaphrojekthi lokuhlola amanani yezenhlalakahle ukuze alondoloze nemithombo yamanzi ezihlobene amanzi kanye nezindlu zangasese. Ingqikithi lokhu kwakwenqatshelwe itholakala delineating ephansi izindleko nezici kudingekile okungenani amanzi ukusetshenziswa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngakolunye uhlangothi, amanzi yamanani for labantu abanazo vodokanals isinxephezelo nezindleko zabo. Ikhipha lezi zindleko ngaleso 50% yomholo "ochwepheshe amanzi", u-20% "idonsa" inkokhelo ugesi okudlekayo, 30% - nokuvuselelwa nokwenza umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo amanethiwekhi. Kusobala ukuthi ukwanda isisindo ezithile le ngxenye yokugcina libhekisele Elena Dovlatova enikeza double amazinga amanzi.

Indlela ukuhlela ukukhokhelwa yamanzi

abathengi Russian wathola irisidi ekulandiseni inkampani ukuphathwa ukubhadelwa may, isibonelo, waphawula ukuthi wanika ulwazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa 15 cubic metres yamanzi, futhi icala ngokwehluleka 19. Lesi simo yemvelo. Iqiniso lokuthi umsebenzisi futhi kwabalelwa izindleko ohlelweni. Basuke kwahambisana by ukukhokhelwa zokulawula amanzi, futhi eqinisweni izindleko umthengi kunezelwa ngenxa zingxenye ezilandelayo:

- zobuchwepheshe ukuvuza kwamanzi e amanethiwekhi;

- kabi ukusebenzisa imali budedengu yayo emafulethini ngaphandle amamitha;

- uxhumano okungagunyaziwe (ayakhala utshani, egeza imoto yakho);

- intrahouse ukuvuza ohlelweni;

- kusho izindleko ayisungula washonaphi zesikhashana.

Kulokhu, Inkomba obschedomovoy amanzi izindleko counter jikelele (GTC) iyokuthakazelisa ukugeleza kakhulu kunangendlela isamba IPU bonke abaqashi (sicabangela ukuthi tibali ukufakwa zonke zokuhlala yendlu). Basuke ilungiswe oda normative soMthetho woHulumeni isiRashiya, futhi ngenxa yalokho - ibhaliswe ngokomthetho ngaphansi kwegama ezivamile "obschedomovye idinga." Ngakho, inqubo ukuthi sinquma amanzi icala kungenzeka nzima ezicashile ehluke ngokuphelele. Lokhu kwenzeka uma azikho preconditions ngokuba ukuqaliswa ubuchwepheshe ezimali eyodwa izakhamuzi: ingxenye abaqashile uzomisa zokubala endlini, futhi abanye - cha, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, kukhona umndeni phakathi kweqembu lokuqala, lapho imitha siphukile.

Ingxenye langempela le "ukulahleka" yamanzi

Ngeshwa, lapho ekuhloleni ukusebenza kwe amanzi akufanele bathembele ulwazi lwezebhizinisi. Declarative ibika ukulahlekelwa nonproductive lamanzi kuleli zwe fixed Ingxenye ukulahlekelwa amanzi ukuze umthamo isamba 18-19%. Nokho, ngokusho kongoti, angaphezu kakhulu. Umqondisi-jikelele we-nkampani eMoscow "Ecotech" Lev Skvortsov ugomela ngokuthi yena ngokwakhe ngosizo imishini German ukusungula share yangempela ukulahlekelwa amanzi eMoscow - cishe 50%. Enye intatheli bese kwezobuciko yokukhokha washaywa yamanzi: ". EMoscow izinyembezi ukulunywa, kodwa yena ukholelwa ukuthi izinkampani ukuphathwa" Aint it iqiniso siyohlala njalo ezingqondweni 'iparele "komuntu umngani omkhulu nathi - umphathi wokwakha?

I-Achilles isithende e ukukhokhiswa amanzi

Ngokwesiko ubuthakathaka ye-algorithm sokunquma lokukhokha lomthengi ubhekwa amanzi indlela yokwabiwa obschedomovyh idinga. Ukungapheleli icebo lakhe, kanye nezinkinga ekusebenziseni, zazihlale samanje. Ngokwesibonelo, odlule Uhulumeni Isinqumo № 307 ka 23. 05. 2006 kwaba esingaphansi isenzo esiphelele. Lokhu kuboniswa ngezibonelo ezilandelayo.

Direction "SKEW" ku Yamukela amanzi izindleko ubheke "counter abanikazi / akawasebenzisi la 'ancike isici okuyinto inquma langempela imitha ukufundwa obschedomovogo maqondana nezindleko zokulawula ezongezelwe.

Inkinga ibhalansi izintshisekelo

Ake siqale ingxoxo yethu. izimo zokuqala: amanzi tariff izinga ilingana counter for the enikela yamazinga. Uma izindleko langempela lanqoba futhi, ngokufanelekile, isilinganiso idlula omunye, izindleko ubunikazi IPU iphindwe isici obungaphezulu kwento eyodwa. Ngakho, empeleni kukhona ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, ukukhokhela izindleko abahlala ube amamitha ezifakiwe.

Uma lokhu isilinganiso ingaphansi koyedwa ke ukunquma inani lemali abanikazi lobufakazi IMP zabo kuzonciphisa nakakhulu, yanda ngezinkulungwane inombolo encane kuno-1, ngakho obschedomovye Udinga ukukhokha abaqashile akudingeki zokubala.

Ngakho, ngokwale ndlela le ndlela yokucabanga elula, ekukhanyeni Ukulungiswa 307, ngokuyinhloko enikeziwe sikhubazekile amanzi izikweleti counter. Irisidi ithunyelwe ngumthengi, njalo wafakazela ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa engalingani phakathi abaqashile kwezindleko ze-non-zobuchwepheshe yamanzi.

Ukubuka entsha at izidingo obschedomovye?

I esobala iwukuthi khona futhi formula yamanje nokumosha amanzi ukusetshenziswa. Nokho, ngokusho kongoti, i-algorithm entsha wakunqoba "maholoholo" ka lokwabiwa kabusha phakathi abanikazi zokubala kanye refuseniks kuzo ngendlela yokuqala. Yena ngokuyinhloko entsha luphumelele amanzi yamanani for labantu ngokuqhathanisa endaweni flat abanezidingo endlini ezivamile. Ubani evulekile "Iziko nekhaya", ukuthi uthola ingxenye enkulu ze-non-elikhiqizayo amanzi ukusetshenziswa. Nokho, yona kanye le ubuhlobo "indawo / ukusetshenziswa" libonakala ngempela ongaqondakali. Kodwa ... kukhona kuyinsakavukela kuyinsakavukela.

Ifomula sokunquma izidingo endlini ezivamile abandayo emafulethini i-th ku

Ukulungiswa Government of Russia № 354 ka 06. 05. 2011 lusekelwa ngamandla ifomula entsha (1), okuyinto kunqunywa ophethe amanzi abandayo kwi kwikhawunta ingxenye umsebenzisi obschedomovyh kwabalelwa izindleko.

_Odn.1 V ⁱ = (V ^d - Σ V ^u _nezh - Σ ^V v _zhil.n - Σ V ^w _zhil.p - Σ V ⁱ _GV - V ^cr) * S _i / S _{o (1)}

^uvwi, lapho:

• V ^d - ivolumu esetshenziswa ngesikhathi amanzi abandayo, nge OPU ezithile ngokuhlanganyela. Lapho ukwehluleka esiphikisayo enikeziwe "59 n" Amalungiselelo Umbuso amacala enziwa esekelwe ukusetshenziswa isilinganiso.
• V ^u _Junk - ivolumu Cold-amanzi asetshenziswe u-th efulethini yokuhlala correlative roomates nge isigaba 43 weMithethonqubo ;.
• ^V v _zhil.n. - Cold-amanzi ivolumu asetshenziswe efulethini v-th yokuhlala, hhayi ifakwe ICS;
• V ^w _zhil.p. - Cold-amanzi ivolumu asetshenziswe w-th efulethini yokuhlala, ifakwe ICS. Lapho ukwehluleka esiphikisayo enikeziwe "59 n" Amalungiselelo Umbuso amacala enziwa esekelwe ukusetshenziswa isilinganiso.
• V ⁱ _{GV -} ivolumu i-th DHW izakhiwo zokuhlala noma okungezona zokuhlala by self Ukushisa (uma kungekho amanzi eyodwa hot) asetshenziswa esikhathini ukubala kunqunywa izimangalo, ngokulandelana. 42 no-43 weMithethonqubo;
• V ^Kr _- nenani ukushisa iguqulwe HVS nokuzinyeza ekuhlelweni umsebenzisi Ukushisa ngabanye ngokulandelana abathi 54 Regulations ;.
• S _i - i-th endaweni efulethini;
• S _o - endaweni ingqikithi isakhiwo amafulethi.

Nokho, uma ulawulwa efanayo nokukhokhwa amanzi ashisayo ekhawunteni, njengoba Nokho, futhi uma engekho layo. Sikhuluma isimiso ukulungisa endaweni eyisihlobo efulethini, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla.

Ifomula sokunquma izidingo endlini evamile ngoba DHW i-th efulethini

Ukulungiswa efanayo (№ 354 kusukela 06.05.2011) futhi kwabalelwa ukusetshenziswa luyisimiso zokubuyekezwa abebehlala samanje izindlu kulesi sibalo inani ethize Wan izindleko obschedomovyh (Formula 2).

_Odn.2 V ⁱ = (V ^d - Σ V ^u _nezh - Σ ^V v _zhil.n - Σ V ^w _zhil.p - V ^cr) * S _i / S _{o (2)}

Okuqukethwe kwalo fanekiso ngokuphelele ifomula elandulelayo ukuhanjiswa izindleko abakhiqizi amanzi abandayo: amanzi ashisayo tariff phezu counter, kanye ukungabi yalo, kulekelelwa umsebenzi ukuhanjiswa endlini evamile kudingeka ngesisekelo ukuziphilisa endaweni ethile efulethini.

Ezicashile amacala amanzi abaqashile

Kunezimo lapho bentela ngokwethembeka, abaqashi emafulethini kufanele ukhokhe izimali ngokweqile. Ngokuvamile isizathu ukuba khona izimo ezinjalo kwenye efulethini - Liphinyiselwa IMP - izakhamizi nalo. Kukhona ngisho izimo lapho phakathi kwabantu abahlala efulethini, inani non-bhalisiwe idlula isibalo eqoshiwe. Kanjani ukuba ngibe kulesi simo? Kabi ukusebenzisa imali budedengu kahle ukuboniswa izingxenye ezivamile bese siboniswa namarisidi ethunyelwe yinkampani ukuphathwa kwamanye abaqashile. Ngeke ubone iziphakamiso lolu daba e Ukulungiswa yayo 354.

Kulesi simo, uzokhokha kakhulu nje akukho msebenzi manifest. Isimo isixazululiwe ngokudweba up yinkampani ukuphathwa soMthetho nawo ezingeni lekuphila. Kulokhu, kungcono ezihilela ukuqinisekiswa amaphoyisa wesifunda, ngesisekelo amandla ayo anikezwe yona ngaphansi Administrative Ikhodi Russia - bahlelekela yezifiso ukuphila ngaphandle ukubhaliswa.

isiphetho

Ukuhlaziya ezintsha Russian eminyakeni yamuva ngcono sabantu ukukhokhela abandayo namanzi ashisayo, bawabulala Dynamics le nqubo. Uhulumeni "ukuqongelela" ngamunye ngamunye ifomula, bubuhle abaqashi privnosyaschy izindleko ekhuphukayo. Nokho, le nqubo nge ncazelo ayikwazi ethwele impumelelo ngokuphelele. Phela, kukhona nokwenza kahle ngemiphumela, esikhundleni indawo futhi Oqondisa izimbangela.

Ngokusobala, kumayelana zezici zisenza sibe lo mkhuba izidingo endlini evamile. Khumbula ukuthi lezi zihlanganisa amanzi ukuvuza e amanethiwekhi; ke overruns ezindlini, lapho hhayi kusungulwa IPU; uxhumano okungagunyaziwe; intrahouse ukuvuza; izindleko ezivelayo washonaphi abaqashile.

Kusobala ukuthi namanje banethemba umbono ehlelekile ngaphezulu inkinga, ngokukhethekile, ezihlongozwayo nguMqondisi omkhulu we-Association Elena Dovlatova alondoloze nemithombo yamanzi - ngokwandisa yamanani ukuqhuba umsebenzi uphela. Nokho, bonke ochwepheshe amanzi kufanele usebenzele ukubulungisa kusetshenziswe isu lobuciko, ukugwema isikhundla abhubhisayo futhi unpromising ka "ukuqongelela imali" ngokusindisa ku CAPEX. Futhi, inqubomgomo okubhubhisa ukuthulisa amanzi abo Izinsiza inzuzo, isibonelo, ngenxa yokuthi namuhla kubonisa imisele yamanzi.