Indlela hlola amaphaphu? Izindlela wamaphaphu luhlolo

Namuhla sizokubonisa indlela ukuhlola emaphashini. Kunezindlela eziningana. Bonke kuzoxoxwa ngakho ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni.

Lokhu somzimba like emaphashini, itholakala esifubeni. It yakhelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo ukuphefumula. Phakathi umzimba wakhe uthola umoya, okuyinto yakhiwa izakhi eziningi, enye yazo-mpilo. Oxygenation somzimba kubaluleke kakhulu operation evamile zonke izinhlelo.

Kungani ukuhlola emaphashini?

Ukuze ukuhlola ukufaneleka isiguli, udokotela kufanele bazi ukuthi lisebenze kanjani ukukhanya njalo. Hhayi iziyaluyalu ebalulekile kuphela kungenziwa kunqunywa indlela oshiwo ngenhla emzimbeni ukusebenza, kodwa futhi ukuba bafinyelele iziphetho mayelana nezinye izifo emzimbeni.

Ngokwesibonelo, abaningi isifo senhliziyo kukhona ngqo okuhlobene kahle wamaphaphu function. Ngakho-ke, njengoba nje izimpawu zokuqala zalezi zinkinga, kungase kukhombise isifo senhliziyo kubantu.

izifo ezivamile

Nesifo samaphaphu zisakazeka ngokushesha. Ngokwezibalo izifo waphawula ezingaphezu kwesigamu. I njalo kunazo kwezinso ezibuhlungu noma izifo umgudu wokuphefumula:

• Isifo samaphaphu - i ezithathelwanayo wamaphaphu nesifo. Kuthinta ikakhulukazi izidumbu zabantu nge izinhlelo ababuthakathaka mzimba.
• umdlavuza wamaphaphu noma Oncology - ukunqotshwa umzimba amaseli isimila esibulalayo.
• Okungalapheki obstructive isifo samaphaphu. Ngenxa ezingasadingeki yamaphaphu impendulo sokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezintweni ezenzeka ngaphandle, kuvinjelwe komoya kuya ipheshana zokuphefumula, futhi ecinene umuntu.
• Asthma. Kuyinto ukuphazamiseka ezingamahlalakhona sokuvuvukala yomoya.
• Ukucinana kwemigudu yomoya emaphashini - isifo libhekene ukuvuvukala bronchi.

Kwangathi avele ukuvuvukala izimila yamaphaphu, hhayi kuphela e ababhemayo noma abantu abahlala ezindaweni imvelo abampofu. Ngakho-ke, iziphathimandla kudingeke uhlole njalo, ngisho noma inhlalakahle, okungeziwe zokuvimbela akusho ubuhlungu. Luyingozi kakhulu uma ingane iyagula. Indlela hlola amaphaphu womntwana ukucacisa khona isifo samaphaphu? Ungaqala nge yikona okuvamile. Ngokwesibonelo, kungase kube ukukhanya-X-ray, intengo cwaningo akulona liphezulu kakhulu, ruble mayelana 200.

Kuze kube manje, i-sitholakele isifo samaphaphu kanye ukunquma futhi ukuthola kwezinso usebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene.

Izinhlobo kanye nezindlela wamaphaphu luhlolo

X-ray of emaphashini kudinga esifubeni. Kunezinhlobo eziningana kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane:

• Indlela edume kakhulu yile okuthiwa lula ukuhlola, ngaso sizocabangela izinguquko ekuphakameni isakhiwo wamaphaphu izicubu, ukuthola indawo uphawu noma isikhala esingenalutho, ukunquma ukuthi liquid noma emoyeni ngalo ingaphakathi pleural. Umshini-X-ray , ungakha isithombe bese babonisa esikrinini. Lolu hlobo ucwaningo Kwenziwa ngesikhathi sangempela. Ibizwa ngokuthi fluoroscopy. Ububi eyinhloko kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane - ayikwazi kubhekwe foci encane kakhulu sifo, usuqalile ukuthuthukisa.

• Umshini-X-ray ibuye isetshenziswe izifundo ezifana X-ray. Nokho, le ndlela kuhilela ukulungisa isithombe eteyipini ngaphandle kokuba ukuboniswa. Ngalo, ungabona ngisho nezinguquko ezincane kunazo. Izifo eziningi kungatholakala usebenzisa-X-ray: isifo sofuba, i-pneumonia, ukukhula wamaphaphu. Inqubo ngeke kwenziwe njalo, ngakho ungayithola kanjani umthamo omkhulu yokukhishwa kwemisebe. X-ray ungenza ingane ukukhanya kuphela njengendlela yokugcina, uma ungakwazi lokwenza ukuxilongwa usebenzisa ezinye izindlela.
• Ngu isimiso esifanayo isinyathelo, kanye-X ray, ukuhlukanisa enye indlela okuthiwa fluoroscopy. Kukhona isithombe ukukhanya libhalwe ifilimu noma ukuboniswa qapha. Ngaphansi fluorography le izithombe zekhwalithi ephansi. Ngalo, ungabona zokugula, kodwa sihlole kabanzi kungenzeka. umthelela aphansi emisebe phezu komuntu kule ndlela kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba afeze nokulingwa mass zokuvimbela.

Indlela hlola ukukhanya ngaphandle-x-reyi? Lo mbuzo wabuzwa abantu uma you fanele phi khonondo mayelana ukuhlolisisa ukuthola lesi sifo. Kute lendlela kakade kukhompyutha tomography. Lenza ngakho kancane okunye. Indawo lapho esifubeni X-ray ukuze avimbele? Ngokuvamile wenziwa emtholampilo emzini wakhe. Bebheke kulo inqubo udokotela imithi. Futhi lapho esifubeni X-ray ukuze babone ukuthi idlula? Uma kudingeka ucwaningo eyalandela, kungenzeka ukuba zisebenze isikhungo yangasese sezokwelapha ngokukhethekile ukuhlinzeka amasevisi anjalo.

computed tomography

Indlela hlola amaphaphu umdlavuza? Ukuhlolisisa ngokuphelele amaphaphu ingatholakala usebenzisa computed tomography. Cross-izigaba kwesifuba kanye nezinye izitho yesithombe ngeke esicacile.

Lokhu akukwazi obonwa izindlela letintsatfu letichazwe lapha ngenhla. On tomography itsatfwe njengentfo washintsha wamaphaphu izicubu noma kuqhoqhoqho, bronchi, bese izindlala zamanzi.

bronchography

-X-ray, okuyinto kwenziwa ngaphansi izinzwa, kudingeka ukuqapha isimo bronchi. Lapho bronchography esetshenziswa Ngokuphambene ejenti, is injected mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi bronchial. Njengoba kungezona lezo aluphumeleli-X-ray, i-contrast isithombe is eyatholakala. Uma bronchi kuthiwa osuke usuvulekile noma ube izimbotshana kanye abscesses kwamaphaphu, kanye izimila, ngosizo bronhografii kungabonwa.

Endoscopy

Endoscopy kuhilela ukwethulwa endoscopes (amadivayisi optical) ngaphakathi landelana cabanga bese ibheka izibilini ebukhoneni pathologies ezehlukene. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa mayelana nendlela ukuhlola ukukhanya, ngaphandle kosizo-X-ray, udokotela ongamtshela. Ikakhulukazi lapho yokuqinisekisa kuyadingeka nesineke kancane, ngoba esifubeni-X-ray ingane ayikwazi ukwenza.

Hlola nolwelwesi lwamafinyila we kuqhoqhoqho kanye bronchi kungaba nge bronchoscopy. Ukuqhuba lolu cwaningo kwenziwa ngaphansi izinzwa wendawo, esivikela esigulini phakathi ukungakhululeki. Uqhoqhoqho yethulwa bronchoscope, okuyinto Banamathele esebenzisa, ukuze athathe isampula le-izicubu, ukususa umzimba angaphandle noma susa ama-polyp, kanye nekhamera miniature kanye namanye amadivayisi .. Okungenzeka kuhlolwe ngamehlo ebusweni engaphakathi bronchi kanye tracheal, biopsy bronchial, noma isithombe ngokusebenzisa le zokuxilonga . Thola ukuguguleka komhlabathi, isilonda noma isimila, kanye ukwelapha bronchiectasis nokwamaphaphu izinqubo ukuvuvukala can le ndlela.

thoracoscopy

luhlolo endoscopic of wamaphaphu ulwelwesi wenziwa usebenzisa thoracoscope. Uma thoracoscopy iqondiswa ku amaphaphu izinzwa. Kulokhu, pre-ezenziwe imbobo esifubeni. Ukuhlolwa kwamaphaphu ngesikhathi sangempela, izithombe kanye amasampula izicubu kungenziwa thoracoscopy.

ultrasound

Ukuthola ekuqongeleleni uketshezi emaphashini ulwelwesi (effusion pleural) esetshenziswa ultrasound emaphashini. Through the-alveoli akunakwenzeka Ukungena amagagasi ultrasonic. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa le ndlela lilinganiselwe. Ukulawula punctures noma ukwethulwa abakhwabanisi tube umoya ukudonsa, uketshezi kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ultrasound emaphashini.

Ukuze ubone ukuthi ivolumu olwandle kwamaphaphu, degree of esingamahlalakhona zokuphefumula kungaba nge ukupholisa yamaphaphu.

wokubhoboza pleural

Emgodleni wamaphaphu uphenyo usebenzisa pleurocentesis. Ngokusebenzisa imbobo encane esithathwayo indwangu. Sifo wenziwa ngaphansi izinzwa wendawo. Uma kukhona izinsolo effusion pleural, isimila noma effusions pleural ke linqume inqubo.

Investigation okukhethiwe

Amafinyila kusukela ipheshana zokuphefumula futhi bahlola ukuze baqonde indlela emaphashini tisebenta kahle. ukwaba Ngakho izindlela ezimbili: ezincane kanye bacterioscopic.

Ukuthola isikhwehlela, yizilwanyana eziwuhlupho bese zokwakheka ahlukahlukene may indlela yokuqala. A ukuthola kwamagciwane ka wamaphaphu izifo eziningi - usebenzisa indlela yesibili.

isiphetho

Njengoba ubona,-X-ray ukukhanya, intengo yokuziphatha nezoqala ruble 200, akuyona inqubo kuphela elikuvumela ukuba uhlole umzimba wakho ngokuphelele. Zikhona izindlela eziningi ezahlukene.

Uma zikhona izimpawu eziyisixwayiso emaphashini, kufanele ngokushesha kudokotela. Uma lokhu kuyinto ukuthuthukiswa a zokugula, kubalulekile ukuba aphathe kusaqalwa. Uma kungenjalo, kungathinta imisebenzi ebalulekile of nezinye izitho zomzimba womuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuqaleni impatho, lo kancane kungenzeka izindleko zokwelashwa, ngakho njengoba ukulapha noma isiphi isifo samaphaphu kuba lula ngendlela efanele usaqala.