Amangqamuzana abomvu igazi egazini

Ngo amangqamuzana egazi abomvu khona izinhlayiya zegazi eziyisisekelo. Lezi zici kulo kunamanye izingxenye okwenyanga behlangene. Amangqamuzana abomvu igazi elikhona ngesimo lamadiski njalo kokuba onqenqemeni oluncane mkhulu. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, lezi corpuscles Ubuningi bamahora ahlanganiswe carbon dioxide mpilo inqubo edabula isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi.

Ukwakhiwa (Ukuvuselela okuqhubekayo) kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu e umnkantsha senzeka bedle-erythropoietin (hormone izinso). Izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu kulezi corpuscles yakhiwa e-hemoglobin (amaprotheni yensimbi-aqukethe). Umbala obomvu amaprotheni inquma umbala igazi ngokuvamile, futhi abomvu egazi ashaye ethile.

Isikhathi se-i- "cell eyisisekelo" ingenye namashumi amabili izinsuku. Erythrocyte ayafa e ubende kanye esibindini. I umnkantsha ithambo kuyinto Ukuvuselela njalo. Ngakho, lapho kubhujiswa lesi "ezigugile" amaseli akuphazamisi ingqondo Imininingwane emzimbeni.

Erythrocyte egazini inikeza kwezicubu nge-oksijini, basuke, esikhundleni salokho, idluliselwe emaphashini -carbon dioxide, kanye nama-amino acid zilethwe izicubu ngokweqile, izitho zokugaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi egazi yenza umsebenzi zokuzivikela. Zifeza adsorption (ukumuncwa) ubuthi antigen ehilelekile ukusabela komzimba, ubophezelekile ukunakekela igazi, ibhalansi alikhali futhi acid.

erythrocyte Jwayelekile egazini sibizwa ekufinyelelwa sokuhlaziya laboratory. okuhlushwa Jwayelekile amaseli 4 ukuze 5,1h10 ilitha kwabadala. Ezinganeni, izinga labo incike yobudala. Emavikini ekucala lokuphila lihlaziya abomvu egazi ashaye igazi, amabanga izinga kusuka 4.3 kuya 7,6h10 ilitha, eneminyaka engu-ngenyanga - kusuka 3.7 kuya 5,6h10 ilitha, olunezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala - kusuka 3.5 kuya 4,8h10 ilitha. Lapho ingane ifinyelela unyaka kuze kube iminyaka eyishumi nambili izinga ivela 3.5 4,7h10 ilitha. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-nantathu nangaphezulu izingane zizithola evamile oluhambisana ukusebenza evamile abadala.

Erythrocyte egazini e lokuhlala ephakeme (erythrocytosis) kutholwa ngesikhathi izifo ngokwanele ezingavamile kohlelo hematopoietic (erythremia, isibonelo). iqhaza eliphakeme kunawo wonke ukuthuthukiswa kanye nezifo umgudu wokuphefumula, khona yesifo senhliziyo azalwa naso.

Nokho, ezimweni eziningi, okuqukethwe okusezingeni eliphezulu kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu ibonisa ukuqina igazi emzimbeni.

Ngu ingqondo a izici isimo zibala ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi yekhwalithi ephansi. Uma umzimba Ufika kampompi ukuxova umuthi wokugoma, angcolile noma amanzi silnogazirovannaya izocubungulwa yayo kubalulekile ukuchitha amandla amaningi.

Ezinye izizathu zihlanganisa bikho amahlule ku enzyme. Ngalezi izakhi wenziwa inqubo yehlukanise carbohydrate, lipids namaprotheni. yesondlo Impumelelo yama-enzymes kunomthelela yokuthi imikhiqizo oxidized lingene egazini. Lokhu-ke imiphumela hypoxia kwezicubu futhi amaseli, ukuphazamiseka kuzinqubo kwamakhemikhali.

Imbangela evamile amahlule kuyinto ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Lokhu kungenzeka lapho kushisa khona. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amanzi kubalulekile kuphela ifomu okumsulwa. Njengengxenye itiye noma isobho ke izenzo kuphela.

Polycythemia kungenzeka nge nokuntuleka amavithamini, edingekile ekuthuthukiseni hormone kanye enzyme, kanye bedle emisebeni eyingozi.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhlaziywa kwegazi kakhulu. ukubaluleka degree umbala, isayizi shape of erythrocyte. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuntuleka kwamavithamini emzimbeni, acid folic nensimbi kubonisa kobujamo obusaqanda kula maseli. Endabeni erythrocyte ezimise ngendlela engavamile (ngobugebengu noma jagged) ophethe i namachibi inqubo esebenzayo emzimbeni.