Kuyini magciwane: izinhlobo, izindlela, amathuluzi eziyisisekelo esetshenzisiwe

Pathogenic amagciwane namagciwane babe impahla isikhathi eside ukuze uhlale futhi azalela nemibandela isayithi ukutheleleka. Kuvele ukwandisa imiphumela yabo kubhujiswa abantu futhi kungase kwenziwe ngaphandle kobukhona othwala isifo.

Ukuze ulwe, iqoqo izinyathelo lakhiwe, okuthiwa "magciwane" noma "magciwane". Kuyini magciwane futhi yena uzabalaza microflora pathogenic, sizokwenza ukuthi uqonde kabanzi.

Umqondo magciwane nezinhlobo

Nezilwanyana ezincane zivame ukwanda bedle izici esihle kubo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukudala kwezimo umzimba womuntu.

Ukubulala amagciwane - izindlela ngokukhethekile yokulwa namagciwane ukuze unciphise inombolo yabo imvelo. Ngeshwa, ukubhubhisa ngokuphelele flora pathogenic futhi izingxabano zawo ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo akunakwenzeka, kodwa kungenzeka ukuba sifinyelele nekunciphisa eliningi yabo.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko izinhlobo magciwane - ukukhalima, zamanje nezesikhathi sokugcina. Isetshenziswa zalezi zinhlobo magciwane ezihlukahlukene izilungiselelo - ekhaya, in the nezikhungo zezokwelapha futhi esikoleni-ukunakekelwa, ihhotela izakhiwo, ukuhweba izakhiwo kanye nokudla.

Kuyini magciwane, okuhleliwe okunenhloso ukuze uvikeleke? Nge lezi zinyathelo kukhona ukubhujiswa Amagciwane ukuvimbela nesenzakalo ukutheleleka.

magciwane Zokuzivikela Kwenziwa nsuku zonke, njalo, usebenzisa magciwane ekhethekile. Ngemva ngamunye inqubo egcwele amarekhodi ezikhethekile lapho fixed isikhathi, indawo, futhi amakhemikhali ejenti esetshenziswa.

Ukubulala amagciwane e-foci ukutheleleka

Final magciwane indlela kusekelwe ukubhujiswa namagciwane esikhundleni okuvela umthombo ukutheleleka emva esibhedlela. Ngokuvamile, le misebenzi asetjentiselwa kukhomba izifo ezithathelwanayo eziyingozi:

• ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo viral;
• Rotavirus izifo;
• uhudo, salmonella nezinye izifo enteric;
• pediculosis;
• utwayi.

Ukubulala amagciwane izinyathelo kwenziwe emva abameleli esibhedlela inkonzo sanitary-epidemiological. Libuye eyisibopho kule magciwane sokugcina kubhidlizwe isakhiwo lesikhungo yezokwelapha, ukuhlelwa kabusha yayo, ezinjenge, kanye saziso ezibhedlela, isifo sofuba kanye ezithathelwanayo izifo izibhedlela.

Izinyathelo ezihlose ekuvimbeleni ukusakazeka kwalesi sifo ngesikhathi indawo ekhona ukutheleleka, ngokuthi magciwane zamanje. Magciwane izinto futhi izinto zasekhaya, yibaphi othintana umuntu ogulayo ukuba aphule imizila kungenzeka yokudlulisela. It kwenziwa kokubili ekhaya ezibhedlela.

Izindlela magciwane

Okwamanje akukho kuhlukaniswa senziwa phakathi ezifana izindlela magciwane :

• chemical;
• ngokomzimba;
• lokukhanda.

Uma usebenzisa magciwane kwenzeka ukuhlanzwa mechanical into izintuli nokungcola. Le ndlela ngeke ikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengoba indlela ukukhetha, kodwa likhona iqoqo imisebenzi esele.

Uyini magciwane eyenziwa izici ezingokomzimba? Le ndlela isekelwe ukusetshenziswa lokushisa eliphezulu kanye umusi mode, imvamisa eliphezulu imisinga, emisebeni yelanga. It livame ukusetshenziswa ezikhungweni zokwelapha kanye sibhedlela ngenxa yokuchitheka nezilwanyana ezincane ukuthi ebucayi okushisa aphakeme ukuphi. Disinfected usebenzisa le ndlela izinto hhayi kuphela encane, kodwa futhi omatilasi, pillows, izingubo nezicathulo isiguli.

Ukubulala amagciwane by indlela chemical esekelwe ukusetshenziswa izinto asebenzayo ekhethekile. Lezi ukwakhiwa akhiqizwa ngendlela izixazululo, izimpushana, si, insipho, amaphilisi. izibulali-magciwane asetshenziselwa ethela, esesula izinto ubuthongo ezidinga alunge, ukucwiliswa yabo kanye neensetjenziswa. Zonke lezinto ezingahlolwa kusetshenzwe esebenzisa uketshezi, olufuthwe noma egxilile ikhambi. Labo ukuthi asikwazi wadalula uketshezi, efe kabili, singagcotshwanga.

magciwane kwezakhiwo

Decontamination kwezakhiwo kuyadingeka hhayi kuphela uhlobo nezikhungo zezokwelapha, kodwa futhi zonke izakhiwo jikelele. nomzabalazo nge microflora sokugembula kunciphisa kungenzeka umthombo ukutheleleka.

Ngokuvamile magciwane amakamelo Kwenziwa izindlela amakhemikhali lihambisana indlela mechanical ukusetshenziswa zokukhanya oku-ultraviolet. Zonke ifenisha, okuyinto egumbini ziphathwe, ngenkasa noma ukusula ngendwangu kuyephule isixazululo. Isibuya nesikhamo izindonga nazo iphathwe ngokucophelela. Uma igumbi kukhona abanye uhlobo ezokuthutha ukuthuthwa, isibonelo, esebenzisa isihlalo sabakhubazekile zokuthutha iziguli noma inqola zokuhamba imifino ke, kufanele nabo ngayo.

Esimeni semakhaya zezempilo kanye spa emva kokwelashwa emagcekeni zibandakanya isibani germicidal. Basuke okudingekayo ukuze inciphise nezilwanyana ezincane pathogenic emoyeni futhi Laphezu edalulwa.

Izici ukusetshenziswa izibulali-magciwane chemical

Disinfectant esetshenziswa ngokuqinile izidingo SanPin. Kukhethwe izidakamizwa lowo ubuthi okungenani umzimba womuntu futhi ngenkathi umphumela esiphezulu kubhujiswa amagciwane. Ngokuvamile indlela abe iphunga hlangothi futhi izakhiwo anti-allergenic.

Ingqikithi ezivamile ubhekwa bleach, kodwa lapho esebenza kubalulekile ukugcina izinyathelo umuntu nokuvikeleka. Lungiselela isixazululo efiselekayo ngaphambi ukusebenzisa futhi agcinwe endaweni ukuthi akanayo ukufinyelela elangeni.

Amaqembu eyinhloko izibulali-magciwane

Kuye ketshezi esebenzayo, okuyinto likhona Ukwakheka, zonke izibulali-magciwane zihlukaniswe amaqembu:

1. Dezinfektany utshwala - ethanol, methanol.
2. Kusho ngesisekelo hydrogen peroxide - + Catamin peroxide.
3. izinto kampompi ukuxova umuthi wokugoma - chloramine, bleach, dezaktin.
4. Izisetshenziswa ezilethwayo ka peracetic acid.
5. Amathuluzi esekelwe ihora - chloride benzalkonium.
6. Ukwakhiwa ngoba imithi - formaldehyde, alcohols, surfactants, halogens.

Yonke imithi aphumelela kakhudlwana ngokumelene ezincane, kodwa hhayi esetshenziswa kukho ukubhubha ezinhlamvu yabo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana ulwazi lokuthi lo magciwane, ungasebenzisa isevisi sanitary-epidemiological kulawulwa imibhalo normative.