Indaba "The Science of Inzondo": Isifinyezo (Sholohova M. A.)

Isihloko lesi sihloko kulotshiwe esichasiselweni impi "The Science of Inzondo" (isifinyezo).

Sholokhov baxgeki umusa ka le nkondlo, eyanyatheliswa okokuqala ephephandabeni "Pravda" ka 22.05.1942 Kakhulu kunabayeni negunya lakhe ikhono Classic kweqiniso, ebonakaliswa ngokucacile "epholile Flows Don".

Ngakho, sinesizathu ukugqamisa nobuthaka bayo. Ayikho-ke ukudalula ukuthi singobani dialectics, akukho "phansi yesibili."

Umehluko in isitayela lokubhala okungenhla ezimbili ezahlukene uhlobo imisebenzi omunye umlobi iziteleka. Yena mkhulu kangaka, efana ukudala kubo singabantu ababili abangefani.

Ngenxa yokuthi i- uMklomelo KaNobel Emkhakheni Wezincwadi komlobi Mikhail Sholokhov emisebenzini yakhe kamuva abazange ukuphatha avuke ezingeni "epholile Flows Don" ngezilimi okubi bemmangalela lokukhwabanisa, osho ukuthi ungumbhali le noveli yodumo kweqiniso akunjalo . Lokhu lisikhumbuza imigqa Pushkin: "Le ngcweti-ngowezizwe carotid ibhulashi Umdwebo ubuhlakani inki?"

David Ortenberg isiphakamiso, okuyinto babengamhloniphi Sholokhov

Ngeshwa isiphetho alulazayo esinjalo ukulahlwa indaba okulula ngezithako zawo "inzondo isayensi" ka Sholokhov. okuqukethwe iDemo umsebenzi kuyehla kube izingcingo abangaphucuzekile nakancane nokuphikelelayo "Kill amaJalimane!". Lonke Ukwakheka yakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi umfundi ngokuqinisekile wafinyelela kuleso siphetho yena. Kungani Classics bavumelana ukwakha umkhiqizo ezifana? Ake uqale nge yokuthi Mihail Aleksandrovich ngempoqo baqhubeka nokuloba indaba, zicatshangwe uhlobo yokubika.

Umfundi uyiqili unomuzwa wokuthi nombhali "epholile Flows Don" wabhala "Isayensi ye Inzondo" akuyona njengoba oyifunayo. Ukuqagela kuqinisekisa iqiniso elingokomlando: umhleli induna iphephandaba "Pravda" phakathi neminyaka yempi, uDavide Ortenberg, ahlinzekwa Sholokhov umsebenzi lesibonwa e WWII. Classic ngaphambi ngokuphuthumayo ukuwuqondisa, ukuze ulondoloze isithombe Grigoriya Melehova, waqhubeka mayelana nenkulumo-ze.

yesehlakalo Isifundo

NKVD-shnogo kokuphenywa olandelwayo wazalwa umbono kwendaba "The Science of Inzondo" Sholokhov. okuqukethwe Omfushane ubufakazi bakhe kwakufanele umfundisi zezombusazwe Ferdman Zinovy Yakovlevich. I sibonelo hero lobalulekile wendzaba elathunjwa 21/09/1941, ngesikhathi 09.26.1941, le eyaphunyuka wabuyela indawo iRed Army 21.11.1941 Ngemuva kophenyo emfushane, umfundisi zezombusazwe waqhubeka nenkonzo. Izinduna zabantwana uMnyango Special wakucabangela nobuzwe yokuphunyuka ekuthunjweni. Njengoba amaJuda amaNazi esingu, wayengazimisele ugqozi sokunikela.

Izinkomba Zinovy Jakovljevic ufakaze ezinyantisayo yama-Jalimane. Abazange athathe lesi siboshwa izikhulu. Lapho ebona imivimbo isikhulu eyisithunjwa sika, badutshulwe ngokushesha. Wakwazi buthule ukuphazamisa timphawu zabo kusukela ebhantshini lakhe.

Ngokusho Ferdman, iziboshwa convoyed igcinwe endaweni evulekile namabele udla futhi sunflower. Ekamu lokuhlushwa kwakunabamemezeli abangaba ngu-20 000 izingozi izisu kabaze baba lakho ukuma, bafa. Dead ngemiyalo yezikhulu ababonisi zaziphonswa phezu kocingo.

izitembu sokuheha esiqintini futhi kuqale lelandzisako

Umlando ekuthunjweni futhi aphunyuke isikhulu kwakheka isisekelo "isayensi inzondo" indaba Sholokhov. Isifinyezo umkhiqizo ihlukile yomcimbi wokuqala. Ukwakheka kwendaba kunalokho bendabuko. Omunye egameni labo umlandzi, weza izingxenye phambi, esebenza njengesikhali uLieutenant Gromov zabuthana ukuze ngaphambili omunye izihambisimshini izitshalo laseSiberia. Njengoba ubona, Sholokhov washintsha ubuzwe protagonist esivuna ze clichés. Umlandzi waveza ukuthi lapho bebona iziboshwa emehlweni lo mphathi luvutha umlilo inzondo.

Wahlangana nge lesikhulu sombutho osezwile ukuthi wayenephutha ekuthunjweni. Kabili they hlangabeza ingxoxo futhi uLieutenant Gromov utshela indaba yakhe. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi yena ngokwakhe Sholokhov Ferdmanom Zinovy Yakovlevich asithinte.

Ngokusho yetinsita uMichael, Gromov wayeshadile, yena othile wayenabantwana ababili. Umndeni wakhe futhi uyise umhlali ekhubazekile. Nge yokushisekela izwe imiyalelo ehambisana bomdabu ngaphambili. Thumela isosha wangena indlela nonobhala weKomidi District. Ngokuvamile, ibhizinisi futhi esemthethweni, yena ephelezelwa fighters ngaphambili, futhi wathinteka ngokujulile.

ULieutenant Gromov kuziwa phambi

Kusukela ngoJulayi 1941, uLieutenant Gerasimov abathintekayo empini. IRed Army ngesikhathi abase bebaleka, kodwa iyunithi iphi protagonist ekwazile uthwebule 15 amaJalimane. On the yokwelapha ngenhlonipho zeziboshwa iRed Army uLieutenant umlomo kusitshela indaba Sholokhov sika "The Science of Inzondo". okuqukethwe iDemo umsebenzi esikhathini esizayo esekelwe isimiso upholavuthondaba "lwesintu -. unya" Okokuqala sizwa kusukela izisebenzi ibinzana ukuthi amaJalimane neziboshwa yaseSoviet yokuthuthela impi nezakhamuzi ukuphathwa ngezindlela ezingefani.

Ukutadisha Sholokhov imibono ukuzonda izitha

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye esebenza njengesikhali uLieutenant, waqhubeka ecasula. Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, akusiyo ejwayelekile 1941. eqanjiwe Umbhali sika isobala.

Gromov wathi ngalokho wabona pyatiklassnitsy isidumbu, abantu ababephila ngesikhathi indodakazi yakhe, wadlwengulwa wabulawa amaNazi. Eceleni dabukisa amanga geography ebhukwinitifundvo. Layiqhaqhazelisa futhi ubonise indawo ukubulawa amasosha aseSoviet, owawungumnyaka inqwaba inyama oqoshiwe nabo, eduze eyayibonakala ngonya wabulala ofeleba. ULieutenant uyaqonda ukuthi izimpi ngokumelene amashinga, sadists osatanevshih. Umlobi, abathandwa abantu, bagxila, uzama kukwenze umfundi umuzwa zondo towards amaJalimane.

ekuthunjweni

A ndaba kwendaba uyachaza ukuthi kungani awunika igama lokuthi Sholohov Mihail Aleksandrovich, "The Science of Inzondo". Gromov yena sidlula nemibuthano esihogweni ekuthunjweni German. Wakhe balimale empini, futhi uwela ezandleni abahlaseli. Labo POWs Soviet, kuqala esingu amaJuda phakathi kwabo. Babe wabulala Motorcyclists izibhamu emuva ukusuka kukholomu eyisithunjwa.

Ngenhla iziboshwa iRed Army kabi futhi izikhathi lasekuqaleni. Nokuhlukunyezwa ababekuthola ekomeni, baphuze amanzi axutshwe udaka ngenxa amathangi baye badlula khona.

Lapho kukholamu ngase POW kwaba ithangi ikholomu amaNazi ikhanda ithangi "ngephutha" squashed abantu eziningana ephethwe ngendlela uhlelo lwabo belungele ukuhamba. Guards ngesikhathi esifanayo hhayi kuphela uvinjelwe sigameko, kodwa futhi waklolodelwa kwenzekeni.

Ekugcineni lokhu esigabeni ofayo iphelile, futhi ikholomu zafika ekamu lokuhlushwa. Naphezu kusondela ekwindla, iziboshwa yayiqhutshelwa ngisho emabhalekisini. Azizange ifakwe yokuhlala izindawo, abantu nje sasilala phansi, ebhuqwini. Baphiwa ukudla kahle, yonke Ukudla lalinabashumayeli nedlanzana cereal amanzi abilisiwe. Iziboshwa babelokhu washaywa ngezinduku, isibhamu zikagwayi.

Ukuphunyuka

izilonda Gerasimov zaqala ukuba kukhule, waya emabhalekisini eyayilimele. Zonke ukunakekelwa ngezokwelashwa ukhawulelwe yokuthi ibhandishi isuswe, leli nxeba dusted nge umlotha. Mayelana nemibandela akunabuntu yeziboshwa iziboshwa isitshela indaba yakhe Sholokhov ( "Isayensi ye Inzondo"). Amazwibela kuye, ngokuvumelana umbhali, kungenzeka ukuveza umqondo owodwa: isitha wobulawa nokubulawa. Umqondo ilula. Kuyinto ungwaqa nge ibinzana Orthodox saint, u-Alexander saseNevsky. Waziwa kwazo ukuba nibe ngabakaJesu mazwi: "Ungubani ngenkemba kithi kuyofika, ukuthi bayobhubha ngenkemba"

Lapho isiphelile, elele phansi ngo-Okthoba, iziboshwa waqala ukuthumela ukwakhiwa earthworks, uLieutenant Gerasimov wenza yokuphunyuka yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba. Wabulawa nge lokwela futhi kulandelana, ayehlome isibhamu sakhe, wayifaka ehlathini. Ngikhathele, uLieutenant ewuthi lokuvungula ngokulambisa ahamba, lalazi ukuthi ukushiya nemizana eyingozi. Ngosuku olulandelayo watholakala futhi yasizwa amaqembu alezi zishoshovu.

Isithombe uLieutenant

Okumangalisayo yesimanje isimo sabantu uLieutenant Gerasimov ku insindiso yakho. Akanalo eminye imizwa kodwa inzondo. Futhi isifiso sakhe esisodwa kuphela - "ukubuya kwababusi bomlilo ukuze Motherland" futhi "yokuziphindiselela kuze kube sekupheleni." Ngiyavuma, kunzima ngisho ukuqhathanisa le ndoda nge Grigoriem Melehovym!

Lilonke sikwazi ukulinganisa indaba owabhala commissar regimental, futhi kamuva uColonel M. A. Sholohov ( "Isayensi ye Inzondo")? Amazwibela ebekwe yithi, uthola ukuthi izimo zawo obuciko,, ngeshwa, oda eziningana ezihlanganisa kunabayeni "The Don Stories".

Nokho, ukushicilelwa umbhali azamukelayo 'yena "I. V uStalin. Ngesikhathi esifanayo umholi sezizwe umbhali wayefuna ukudala amanoveli omusha 'efanako. " Futhi umbhali balandela ngempela izincomo. Esikhathini 1943-1944 biennium. yena inyathelisa isahluko kule noveli "Bathi Wayelwela Izwe labo," okuyinto ephinda umzamo ukuletha umcondvo lobalulekile - inzondo yezitha. Lokho okwagcina ngakho? Naphezu kwemizamo yomlobi ukwenza kube isici esibalulekile bangakunaki amahlaya, incwadi ozithandayo abafundi kule noveli ayizange.

isiphetho

Le indaba has enomfanekiso kwenzekani uma le ncwadi ithi zakudala ngisho ezingosomathuba Sholokhov ( "Isayensi ye Inzondo"). Amazwibela umtapo brifli likhona ku-intanethi. Nokho, ukutholakala kwayo nokufinyeleleka umfundi akufanele kwehlisa anenani bokubeka indaba.

Cishe, singaphetha ngokuthi izincwadi Awukwazi ukwenza "oda" futhi "ngesikhathi", njengoba kulokhu, umkhiqizo akunakwenzeka ukuba kuthakazelise umfundi kakhulu.

Ngamafuphi, lapha indaba ebhaliwe ngesikhathi Sholokhov ( "Isayensi ye Inzondo"). Isifingqo kanye nokuhlaziywa lo msebenzi banikezwe kithi lesi sihloko.