Imithetho dialectics Hegelian: ukucabanga inquma nenhlalakahle

Dialectics - kakhulu zenani izwi okukhona ifilosofi kusukela kudala. Ngaleso sikhathi, Hegel ibinzana capacious wachaza umsuka nokubaluleka kwalo le ndlela zefilosofi: "Uma Thales wayengu- mdali ifilosofi yemvelo, uSocrates - ifilosofi sokuziphatha, uPlato wadala nefilosofi yesithathu - dialectic." Ngo ifilosofi imithetho dialectics aqondwe njengokufaka isifundiso ubudlelwane jikelele kakhulu, kanye nekusungulwa izimiso eziyisisekelo zokuphila, kanye mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kolwazi. Ngakho, dialectic kokubili theory zefilosofi, indlela kanye cognition.

Imithetho dialectics noma izakhi zabo ifomu lula livela eziningi zefilosofi zasendulo, echaza izwe noma indawo yonke njengoba inqubo ngaphakathi eziphikisa. Ukuze epistemology ngesiGreki elinesimo eside ezifana "UZandile" - ekuqonda dialectical. Tincenye dialectics sesibonile eMpumalanga, ikakhulukazi izinhlelo yefilosofi ubuTao nobuBuddha (isibonelo, emfundisweni ukuthi akuwona wonke inkolelo yokungafi ungubani uqobo, noma ukucabanga nakuba ukuthi "ubuthakathaka mkhulu, futhi ibutho azinakwa"). Dialectic-ifundiso Heraclitus, uLogos - ukuthi impi nokuthula, ekulambeni satiety, amanzi nomlilo, nokuthunqa zonke lokuzalwa - ukufa kulowo odlule. USocrates ikhono dialectical azokuqhubela inkhulumomphendvulwano, alibiza ngokuthi maevtikoy - ". Ubuciko umbelethisi" Dialectic kungenziwa ngokuthi ukugomela kaPlato ukuthi umqondo ngesikhathi esifanayo akukho into. Izibonelo ezinjalo zingatholakala eziningi zefilosofi ephakathi ezikhathini zanamuhla.

Nokho, dialectics imithetho Hegel sika ekugcineni washayelwa njengoba postulates ubudlelwane wokuba futhi ukucabanga, noma kunalokho kwekubuswa umcabango phezu nenhlalakahle. Ngo imisebenzi yalo ebaluleke kakhulu - "Science of Logic", "Philosophy of Nature" futhi "Phenomenology Lomoya", yena okuchitha mqondo of Kant ukuthi ndaba ayibonakali aphume ukwazi, futhi ukwazi kanjani le ndaba, empeleni, wathi bobabili ndaba futhi ngiqaphele ithuthukisa ngaphansi kwemithetho efanayo - logic dialectical. Ekuqaleni, lapho ukuthi singobani kokuba nokucabanga (Esse), kodwa kule ungubani ezifihlakele ukungqubuzana phakathi kuncike futhi into. Ukuzazi wena ubunye tibeka izimfanelo zabo umgomo futhi kudala Otherness (daba, nemvelo). Kodwa kusukela ngo-ngokuyisisekelo lokhu Otherness icabangani, kuvele lo ngekulandzelana kulomhlaba, nencazelo yalo iyona ukuthuthukiswa umbono ngokuphelele, ezingeni eliphezulu okuyinto uMoya Absolute.

Imithetho ye dialectics Hegelian ngempela imithetho yokucabanga njengoba aphakeme uhlobo ulwazi. Ukucabanga ingatholakala isihloko okuqukethwe ayo, okuyinto umqondo - okushiwo isihloko. ukucabanga dialectical kuphela bangaziqonda yokuthi enengqondo, laphezulu, empeleni futhi ngempela luqondane eqinisweni, hhayi ukubukeka komuntu. logic loluhlelekile lungakwazi, ngoba kukhawulwe yimithetho umcabango, imithetho dialectical yentuthuko oziqonda.

Imithetho dialectics, Hegel washayelwa ngokuyinhloko ezihlobana ngayo imiqondo. Umthetho wokuqala uthi imiqondo ukuthuthukisa kusuka kulokulula kufika kulokulukhuni, kusukela ukhonkolo ukuze abstract futhi, kunalokho, bona iyangena komunye nomunye. Ukudala imiqondo emisha kwenteka ngekutsi bafundzi ushintsho qualitative, gxuma, "nokuphazamiseka phambili." Umthetho wesibili uthi zonke umqondo ubunye ungubani futhi umehluko - eqinisweni isisekelo sanoma ibuphi babo bahlukene eziholela ukunyakaza nokuthuthukiswa. Futhi ekugcineni, umthetho wesithathu - the kuphikisa we kuphikisa - uchaza icebo Ukuthuthukisa umqondo. Njalo umqondo omusha ophika sangaphambilini, ngesikhathi esifanayo okuthile kuthatha, kanye nokubuya okwalandela kowokuqala, kodwa ezingeni ehlukene.

Hegel athuthukile izigaba, izimiso nemithetho dialectics. A izigaba olulodwa, jikelele kanye ezikhethekile imiqondo ezinkulu ukuthuthukiswa futhi bamele triad. Isikimu Hegelian kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa wokuba futhi ukucabanga, indalo esizungezile, ngokomoya zomlando, futhi, kuyinto triad. Uma yokuqala, umuntu oyedwa-ukucabanga azichazayo njengoba "isidalwa esingabonakali," ukudalwa imvelo sefilosofi elikubiza ngokuthi "ukuphila okunenjongo" futhi ukubukeka komuntu, inqubo zomlando kanye ukuvela ulwazi - ". Nenhlalakahle bayazi" Ngakho, dialectic yakhe - a "isayensi ye umqondo futhi ngokwalo bodwa."