I reflex arc

arc Reflex - yindlela sihamba nesifiso emsipheni emzimbeni abasebenza ama-receptor futhi emuva. Siqukethe halves ezimbili. Ukuba eziyinkimbinkimbi kwesakhiwo obusebenzayo eziyinkimbinkimbi reflex arc kuyinto indandatho avaliwe.

Okuholela kwesigamu liqukethe neuropathy namangqamuzana ezinzwa sezinzwa. iseli yakhe kwenzeka ganglia umgogodla noma intervertebral. Isuka kusukela sihlukaniswe ku amagatsha amabili ihlume. Omunye ingxenye yayo njengengxenye izinzwa neuropathy uya azungeze kanye imikhawulo kunoma yisiphi isici esikhumbeni, izicubu ezijulile noma ulwelwesi lwamafinyila zedivayisi esigungwini. Igatsha yesibili kuyingxenye, kufakwe impande amaphiko e emgogodleni.

I izinzwa sezinzwa kuwo ongenza ngendlela ehlukile. Ezinye nokuvulela phezulu futhi ongakayeki namanje, beza lo oblongata medulla. Abanye iphele empunga ndaba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kusukela ngamunye namangqamuzana ezinzwa sezinzwa ku umgogodla intambo imfuyo isuke bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene noma amagatsha collaterals. Ezinye zazo ahanjiswa ngokusebenzisa grey daba motor lamaseli anterior horn ekupheleni amagatsha. Vele iphela futhi central motor neuron. Ukufana akuyona oxhumana ngephutha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-arc reflex engxenyeni esinemizwa bokudlala indima ngendlela pyramidal.

Ukuphambukisa ingxenye siqukethe neuropathy motor neuron. iseli lakhe itholakala izimpondo anterior we grey ndaba emgogodleni. Yingakho inqubo lithuthela ngowokuqala ngokusebenzisa izicubu nomgogodla (phambili motor), khona-ke ngokusebenzisa emsipheni neuropathy.

Isikimu reflex arc amadolo reflex kuhlanganisa ukushayela kwakheka eziyimpumelelo umsipha izinzwa ngenxa umthelela yangaphandle (umthelela isando). Ngu ukucasuka we emsipheni femoral ingena emgogodleni. Kule excitation idluliselwa motor amaseli grey ndaba, futhi eminye - kwemisipha. Ngenxa ukunciphisa yayo kwenzeka eqondisa imilenze yakhe emalungeni kwedolo.

Bobabili neengcezu of esakhiwa arc reflex, e ukuxhumana nomunye.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umsebenzi reflex ibonakala ezimele futhi ezizimele maqondana ubuchopho, akunjalo. indlela Pyramidal futhi ihlanganisa perednerogovuyu amagatsha yezinyoni esigungwini. Ngakho, ngandlela-thile ekufinyeleleni arc reflex, kuba nabo ke.

Maqondana layo imisebenzi namangqamuzana ezinzwa umsebenzi isikhungo decelerating. Ikakhulukazi, kumayelana ikhaliphe umsipha.

Ngenxa yokuthi imisipha ngaphansi kwethonya imizwa imikhondo, ehlanganisa arc reflex ke, kusukela iphuzu ezincwadini buka, ngamunye wabo angaba avuse motor reflex. Ngaphezu kwalokho aphansi, futhi cishe kukhona eziyinkimbinkimbi ukunciphisa ezihilela integers muskulaturnye iqembu.

Ngakho-ke, kufanele kube ngempela esibalulekile kwakuthiwa nokwenzeka motor ingqondo. Nokho, umkhuba, mancane kakhulu. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa okusithiyayo abalulekile (kwezinye izimo encithakalweni) by ingqondo pyramidal.

I izingxenye lwesikhathi reflex yilezi:

- yokwamukela, abathola of nqgo ubunjalo bendawo futhi iguqulwe ibe ezinzwa amaza;

- afferent indlela esiqala ulwazi ngqangi ingxenye kuya CNS ekucubunguleni;

- Centre "impendulo" (iqoqo izinzwa, lapho ulwazi kusetshenzwe futhi kwakhiwa reflex);

- efferent kumelwe azungeze isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko;

- actuator (yensimbi noma imisipha);

- impendulo.

Kuye eyinkimbinkimbi, evaliwe ezinyakazayo ezinzwa ngiyibona kungaba elula. Kulokhu, ingxenye arc reflex siqukethe izinzwa ezimbili (motor futhi umuzwa). isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi esibizwa arc polysynaptic. Siqukethe izinzwa ezintathu noma ngaphezulu.