Kumuntfutisa - umqondo ezining yamanani

Wesayensi eziningi zanamuhla yathi chithi saka, igama elithi "ngokwezifiso." Leli gama linezincazelo izimpande Latin nencazelo elula, emfushane kuyaqondakala. Nokho, nobukhulu bayo kuyinto ngempela ezibanzi ihlanganisa hhayi yezilimi kuphela, kodwa futhi nefilosofi, Psychology, kwabantu ngisho izinganekwane.

umqondo jikelele

Ake uqale kusukela ekuqaleni. Kumuntfutisa - igama elisetshenziswe ukuchaza izinto zobujamo ukwazi bhunga izimfanelo ezazingaphefumlelwe ukuthi kungafani ukuba abantu. Ngamanye amazwi, it anthropopathism lapho zemvelo ezihlukahlukene, izilwane, izitshalo ngisho imihlaba yokudlala abalingiswa amelwe ngesimo abantu eliphefumulelwe possess biko inkumbulo futhi izimfanelo ngokwengqondo ukuthi zibhekene ngqo nabantu. Ngakho-ke, cishe, samuntu - umqondo ukuthi uvame ezitholakala izinganekwane inganekwane, e letingemaciniso kanye yesayensi amafilimu.

I etymology kwegama elithi

Ngaphambi sibheka nokusetshenziswa kwaleli gama emagatsheni ahlukahlukene isayensi ubuciko, ake sibheke isimo yomsuka wawo. Kumuntfutisa - igama elinomqondo izimpande Latin. Okokuqala nje umlingisi - "umuntu" noma "umuntu", kanti eyesibili - facere, okuyinto uhumusha njengoba "ukwenza" noma "ukwenza ngezifiso i-". Zizonke, lezi amagama amabili akha eside okuyinto lithole incazelo eqondile yesayensi ezinsukwini okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma. Babiza zonke izenzakalo, izithombe zonkulunkulu kanye Titans, kanye nezilwane imilingo niyakwazi ukuxoxa, cabanga futhi bayazwelana. izinhlamvu okunjalo nazo izinganekwane of EGrisi naseRoma lasendulo, kanye izindaba ungazange ngasinda, ngeshwa, kuze kube yilolu suku.

Samuntu: izibonelo izincwadi

Siye sathola ukuthi kule izinganekwane basendulo yokwamukela kwakwandile kakhulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yena lizimelele ku izincwadi zezwe, futhi baqala ukusebenzisa European, Eastern nabalobi Russian kanye izimbongi. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ingoma wendabuko:

A no mayé, gorevdn'ice!
A wazalelwa futhi entabeni bhincani
Mochalov imilenze izoputany.

Esikhathini Isiliva Ubudala nombhali zezinkondlo Alexander Blok sika sithola le ndlela:

Ngoba walala ekamelweni lokulala

nomzanyana wakhe - ukuthula ...

Ngo temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba izincwadi ezaziwa abalobi ethola okomuntu siqu ihlangabezana at zonke sinyathelo. Kusukela Andersen sika inganekwane, lapho izinhlanzi can "Inkulumo ethi" ne mermaids, futhi amasosha tin bayakwazi ukuba lusizi, ophela imisebenzi ngempela ongokoqobo ngokulinganiselwa Maksima Gorkogo, ngubani "wahleka kolwandle", futhi Mikhail Lermontov, wasitshela ukuthi bazizwa "Tuchkov ezulu."

Kumuntfutisa kwengqondo

Iphanorama lapho leli gama lisetshenziswa nasekuthandeni kabanzi - kungcono kwengqondo. ukubaluleka kwalo lapha Nokho, uhlukile, kodwa isimiso esifanayo. Ngakho, lapha ukubizwa ngokuthi samuntu izithombe nezithombe engqondweni yomuntu, walibumba emva kokuzalwa. Ngenxa kubo, ebona izwe ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu owabo futhi abone lokho ngendlela ethile noma leso senzakalo. Ngokokuqala ngqá leli gama kwengqondo esethula isazi Harry Sullivan, owayekholelwa ukuthi ubuntu eba hhayi kuphela kwezinsana eminyakeni yokuqala futhi kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu okomuntu siqu ungubani

Sullivan wabelane ngesikhathi kumiswa ubuntu zibe izigaba ezintathu: umama, "Mina" nesithombe. Ngo esigabeni sokuqala olusanda kuzalwa abaxhumana ikakhulukazi nonina, futhi engqondweni yakhe kancane kancane kwakheka izithombe ezimbili - "umama okubi" nokuthi, "Mama okuhle." Isithombe sokuqala ixhunyaniswe yokuthi umhlengikazi abakwazi ukuletha izinzuzo oyifunayo ingane, isibonelo, mnike isikhohliso. Isithombe sesibili iduduzekile ngenxa ukunakekelwa njalo futhi ukunakwa. Ingane ikhula bese uqala tie oxhumana yabo yokuqala emphakathini, ezichaza kuye. Ngakho edala uvalo yakhe "Mina" siqu. Kamuva kwakhiwa usekhulile ingena esigabeni ka okomuntu siqu izithombe. Ngokuvamile lokhu amandla nabantu ababemzungezile izimfanelo ukuthi bayeqisa ngempela hhayi esingokwemvelo. Ngamanye amazwi, kuba ukuzikhohlisa, lapho abaningi ayephila zethu siphile.

kwabantu

Kule ndawo isikhathi eside futhi kabanzi kakhulu esetshenziswa ngokwanele ukuba abe ukwenziwa samuntu isimiso ukuchaza iqoqo izikhathi. Ngokwesibonelo, izenzo ngabanye noma amaqembu athile wanquma ukuhlanganisa into evamile ukuthi wakwazi ukuchaza okwenzekayo. Izibonelo samuntu lwezenhlalo baba uwuhlobo oluthile lukahulumeni emazweni ahlukahlukene, imibono yezombusazwe (kwesokunxele, kwesokudla, centric), izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene nemibono nokuningi. Njengomthetho, umholi ovelele kulezi izinhlelo - omunye umuntu noma iqembu - iqembu labantu. Bonke obhekene kwenzekani amanga. Ngamanye amazwi, zingabantu samuntu zonke lezo zenzakalo ukuthi kwavela ngenxa yezenzo lapho oluningi abantu. Endabeni ka ukwehluleka izenzakalo predominating phezulu ngokuvamile ukunqotshwa ukushushiswa.