I ngwenya K-19 emlandweni, ukhanda, izithombe

Adume ngwenya Soviet K-19, omlando wakhe ungomunye yisakhiwo sodumo kakhulu ngoxhaxha yasekhaya, owaziwa ngokuba Isiphelo sakhe bangajabuli. Kwathi izingozi eziningi eminyakeni edlule, ukuze asuse izimpilo ezinqala.

Ukuthandwa K-19

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke ngwenya K-19? Umlando waleli isitsha yesimanje mass ongelutho zikhunjulwe sibonga isici ifilimu ngo-2002 ne Harrison Ford e indima isihloko. Lokhu isithombe igama elifanayo "K-19" uye indiva iningi cinema emhlabeni futhi ngikhunjuzwe close kangakanani emhlabeni sasiwukuba nenhlekelele zenuzi. Noma kunjalo, ifilimu, ngenxa yobukhulu balo, luveza ukuthi akuyona yonke into yenzeke emgwaqeni umkhumbi.

I-K-19 ngwenya, lapho kulotshwe khona ngomlando ngeke uvumelane ngendlela Hollywood isinyathelo Abambalwa baqala ngo-1958. Khona-ke uhulumeni wamaSoviet wanquma ukuthi sekuyisikhathi ukwakha umkhumbi-ngwenya okokuqala yenuzi-powered lemikhumbi yempi. Wayengeke abe nengxabano ebalulekile babhebhethekise ngayo ingxabano nabakwa-United States. Iningi ukuphila ngwenya wafika ngesikhathi iMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Ngenxa yokuthi i-K-19 cishe kubange ukuvuza lemisebe it is ngokwethukela ngokuthi "Hiroshima."

ngwenya iphrojekthi

Lapho ngwenya K-19, owawukhona nje ephepheni, nabaqambi Soviet kwaba sobala ukuthi le phrojekthi iyoba esiteji elilandelayo emncintiswaneni ne-United States. Futhi ngo-1958, uhulumeni wase-US adalwe ihhovisi imfihlo, okuyinto ukwakha umkhumbi efanayo, "Dzhordzh Vashington."

onjiniyela Soviet ekujaheni ukwehlisa. Okthoba 17, 1958, kwaqala umsebenzi wokwakha umkhumbi-ngwenya okokuqala yenuzi-powered eSoviet Union. Abakhi bemikhumbi nabaqambi wasebenza ngosuku iphrojekthi nobusuku ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Inqubo kwaba okuqhubekayo. Thina, ezazisebenza amashifu amathathu, okuyinto babekwa ku amahora angu-24, izinsuku ezingu-7 ngesonto. Kokunye "ukugeleza" enjalo angaqashwa abantu abayizinkulungwane ezintathu. Yiqiniso kakhulu ekunqumeni ngokuxhamazela kulungiselelwa lo mkhumbi wahamba waze ngokwayo wazizwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Esikhathini umlilo iphutha Umdwebo ophethe igceke lemikhumbi. Killing abasebenzi ababili.

Ukwehluleka uma udala

I ngwenya ngeshwa K-19, umlando ngokoqobo agcwele izigameko ahlukahlukene, ngangena enkingeni futhi ophendulayo lokuqala iqalisiwe. Iphutha Process kwaholela eqinisweni ukuthi ingcindezi ngaphakathi egumbini lidlule izindinganiso zokuphepha kabili. Kuphela by inhlanhla bodwa, abekho abathola umthamo ebulalayo yokukhishwa kwemisebe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaklami wenza uhlu encane isitsha kwelinye izinga. Lokhu kungapheleli kuye kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi lapho ngwenya K-19 shí emanzini, cishe sicwila. Kwadingeka phakamisa ikumodi okuphuthumayo indaba ngemizuzwana. Ngalesi kokuhlinzwa, ngwenya yenuzi cishe rammed inkantolo elingumakhelwane, owaba nengxenye nokulingwa.

ukubaluleka zezombusazwe

ochwepheshe kwesikhathi baphikisana ngokuthi yini-ke kwakudingekile phuthuma nge ukudalwa ngwenya. agumenti Professional kulokhu ngemuva. Igama lokugcina owawuqondene nabezombusazwe. Ubuholi Communist wafuna ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uthole K-19 ukuba ingxabano ingxabano yayo nge-United States. amaphutha tekusebenta Okungenzeka e Moscow, bambalwa kakhulu abantu ababenesithakazelo. Kukhona ithemba ukuthi ukukhubazeka alungiswe kakade ngokuhamba usebenzisa ngwenya.

Abanye abaklami ochwepheshe ezempi sawuthethelela lo umbono ngombono okhokhelwayo. Uma kuziwa isizukulwane esisha imikhumbi (yayiyini ngwenya Soviet K-19), akunakwenzeka ukubikezela ephepheni zonke lezo zinkinga kungenzeka. Amaphutha Kulokhu kubalulekile ulungise kakade phezu ukutholakala kwabo.

Lesi sigameko kuqala kolwandle

K-19 léthulwa 11 Okthoba 1959. Ngo nje kwezinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi ibutho US unazo yayo efanayo ngaso "Dzhordzh Vashington." Nokho, ekuqaleni ekusebenzeni i ngwenya American kwaba ungcono eSoviet. Wawunodonga engaba ephakeme yokubhubha, yafakwa ku ngaphezulu zenuzi ezicitshwayo. Amagobolondo kwi "Dzhordzhe Vashingtone" ngokwesikhundla izikhathi eziningana kunaleyo amabhomu eHiroshima ngo-1945.

April 12, 1961 th, mhla Yuri Gagarin ukunqoba kwaba emkhathini, oLwandle uBarents cishe kwamehlela inhlekelele ethile kusuka lapho umhlaba wonke lingalimala. K-19 ngomkhumbi esondelene kakhulu ngwenya "Nautilus", ephethwe yi-United States futhi uqhuba ukuhlola e ezingwini Soviet. Collision wagwenywa ngomzuzu wokugcina. Nokho, ngenxa abukhali iqhinga ngwenya wabhekana phansi. Lo mkhumbi kuphela ngengozi ujabule, alizange.

Zokugwema ukuphuka we ophendulayo

Ehlobo lika-1961, i-K-19 kwaba nenhlekelele, okuyinto waziwa eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, ngemva declassification kwemibhalo. Khona-ngwenya iqhaza ezenzweni asolwandle e-Arctic. Yadiliza ophendulayo, yingakho ezinye linezingxenye kukhona ezonini ngemisebe. Amatilosi babengenalo izindlela lobuchwepheshe kanye namathuluzi ukuqeda yokungafaneleki. Lo mkhumbi wasinda ekubhujisweni, kodwa abanye amatilosi lwakhe babulawa. Bafika ngaphansi ngemisebe futhi wafa nomunyu esabekayo.

imiphumela yengozi isethi ezimbi izimo iye yaba mibi kakhulu. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka kuzo zonke izilwandle. Futhi isizathu ukuthi kungaba umkhumbi-ngwenya owodwa nje-K-19. Indaba indlela sehlakalo saba oluthathwa ngesikhathi umzimba. Abashona Uthole imiklomelo isimo.

Ukubuya ngwenya ukusebenza

Ngemva kwale nhlekelele we-1961 e-Soviet Ministry Defense isinqumo ukucwila K-19. Umlando ngwenya ngesikhathi esifushane kwaba kakade ezigcwele zonke izinhlobo ngamashwa, kanti isidumbu sakhe yena washaywa ngemisebe. Nokho, ngalesi sikhathi esibucayi lezwi lakhe lakhala wathi. Amatilosi ngokuzithandela ukuba uvale alamu ukuphendula gumbi futhi ususe sezikhali yingozi. Abantu abasebenza ezimweni okungabekezeleleki. Abaningi ashonela ngendlela efanayo njengoba ozakwabo ngesikhathi esenzeka e-Arctic. I gaba yokubheka isimo ngokusebenzisa iminwe yakhe. Amasosha wayefuna ukusindisa umkhumbi osendaweni ezibalulekile kumnyama kubomvu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izisulu.

Lapho-K-19 ekugcineni wageza off, iyiswe echwebeni ekhaya. Nokho, endleleni futhi, sekwenzeka ayengakulindele. Severodvinsk eduze umkhumbi wawuphakathi esihlabathini. Stuck emkhunjini ukuqedela ugesi namandla, wahlala phansi. Amatilosi sase siphela ukudla. Navy kwadingeka achithe kwenye operation wokutakula. Ngemva kwalezo zenzakalo missile gumbi ubudala wawudla izindwali eduze Umhlaba Omusha. I ngwenya K-19 (lingakanani, ngokuyisisekelo) izinguquko usebhekene kanye sesimanje. Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye 1961 kwaba ukwazi nomlilo ovela isikhundla kwamanzi ngokwandisa ububanzi labadubuli.

Ukungqubuzana Gato

Okwesikhathi esithile isiphetho K-19 ngwenya akusona ukukhathazeka. Ngo-1967, yena wayebhekwa njengoba umkhumbi best in the service of Northern Fleet. Umyalo futhi amatilosi wacabanga abajabulayo ezihlobene K-19, eshiyiwe. Nokho, lokhu akunjalo.

Novemba 15, 1969, ku-mission ukuqeqeshwa oLwandle uBarents, umkhumbi Soviet ishayisane American, "kusho udadewabo." Gato olwenziwa ukuhlola ngasogwini USSR. I ukushayisana kwaba ngephutha, kodwa abaseMelika sinqume ukuthi Russian waya ngamabomu yenqama. Khona-ke induna gumbi nge torpedoes ku Gato wayala ukuvula umlilo phezu isitha. AbaseMelika naye waba warhead yenuzi. impi Deadly kungaholela World War III. Nokho, induna umkhumbi nje akazange alinge ukuhlasela umakhelwane futhi yayala ukuba ngibuyele emuva ngingahambi. Nenhlekelele wagwenywa.

Lilo 1972

Februwari 24, 1972 amatilosi waphawula intuthu egumbini lesishiyagalolunye. umlilo uqale maduze. Itilosi zivela kwezinye izingxenye ze umkhumbi wezwa Screams ingezwakali nokukhwehlela. Ukufa-K-19 ngwenya wayesondelene kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Ngokusho imithetho, amatilosi ayikwazanga ukuvula ehlanganiswa umlilo gumbi ukuvimbela umlilo kuyo umkhumbi. Afakwe ezimvilophini Ingxenye K-19 Ubuyisé esithandweni, okuyinto kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba asinde. Naphezu isixwayiso isenzo amatilosi, umlilo namanje waqala zasakazekela ngwenya.

Ukaputeni isiyalele Kulibaba okwenyuka. Kwaba yisinqumo sami esinzima. Manje baseMelika ungabona K-19. Umlando ngwenya, isithombe, izici eziyisisekelo - kwaba e-Washington. Nokho, ngisho lapho, asikwazanga ungacabangi ukuthi umkhumbi esibi futhi zingena enkingeni futhi ungazibandakanyi.

insindiso nezisebenzi

Lesi sigameko kwabikwa eMoscow. Ngemva kwamahora ambalwa umlilo bezwa abaholi beqembu. Kwanqunywa ukuba ithintane ngwenya kanye kuphela ngosuku, ukunciphisa amathuba ukucabhela imiyalezo nge amaMelika. Khona-ke inkinga K-19 saya imikhumbi asizayo eziyisishiyagalombili.

Isimo nzima yokuthi endaweni lapho ngwenya yayishisa isiphepho. Storm amasonto amathathu ngeke sondela shumbi efika ukusiza K-19. Abatakuli obuzama zathi kuye. Nokho, izindophi ezidingekayo kulo msebenzi, isikhathi ngasinye kudabuke.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, iqembu ngaphansi kwamanzi ezama ukwenza konke ukuze usinde. ngenze omunye umsebenzi waso kwakuyindishi ukuvimbela ukusabalala ngomlilo igumbi missile. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke kuyoba khona detonation ka sezikhali zenuzi. Ngosuku lwesithathu the gumbi umyalo wathola ucingo efonini eziphuthumayo kwelinye lamagumbi avaliwe. Itilosi, owayekade avala khona, ngasinda. It ayisekho lokuthi kuzoba ngayo. Nokho, manje-ke kwakudingekile ukuze usize abantu abasezindaweni ezingazodwa. Babekwazi umane kuliminyanise. Air wavuma ngokusebenzisa tube, okuyinto ekuqaleni senzelwe kunesimo esiphuthumayo yamanzi.

Zonke amatilosi wazama ngeke esachitha amandla abo ngeze futhi musa ukuchitha-mpilo eziyigugu. Amatilosi ophulwa kuphela ngosuku th 23, lapho ekugcineni isimo sezulu esehlise umoya. 2 umkhululi Kushone 28 amatilosi ngwenya. Ngemva kwaleso senzakalo, lasolwandle futhi kwaqubula impikiswano mayelana nokuthi ukubhala off K-19 kuyadingeka. Esikhathini ngwenya waluthola abameli ezinamandla ezindaweni eziphakemeyo, owalwela Premier League.

Ukuphela isevisi

Eminyakeni eyalandela inkonzo K-19 kwaba kuqhathaniswa ethule. Kwakuthinta lisuselwa Navy ngo-1990. Ngo-2003, kwenziwa isinqumo phezu nokulahla i ngwenya ngeshwa. Ukugcina kuphela gumbi, okuyinto namanje elise Snezhnogorsk Murmansk esifundeni.

Phakathi nonyaka wenkonzo K-19 wathatha abangaphezu kwamakhulu ayizinkulungwane ezintathu nautical miles. Lo mkhumbi olwenziwa imisebenzi eminingana ezempi kanye umkhankaso ingqikithi amabili kweshumi ezicitshwayo ballistic. Nokho, naphezu ukusebenza imisebenzi, K-19, kungcono kakhulu ngiyabonga aziwa izingozi eziningi futhi izigameko.