I-Litos - Ukubhekana Nezitini

Amaqiniso jikelele mayelana nezitini

Izinto zokwakha eLutuginsky zitshala TM "LITOS" ziveza imikhiqizo ephezulu ehlangabezana nazo zonke izindinganiso zanamuhla. Isitini singenye yamathuluzi wokwakha abalulekile. Yini esiyayifunda emlandweni nobuchwepheshe wokwenza izitini?

Igama elithi "izitini" livele ngesiRashiya kusukela ezilimini zesiTurkey ngaphandle kwekhulu le-XIV, isibonelo, i-kirpic ye-Tartar. Ngaphambi kwezitini, inqwaba yasetshenziswa. Kuyaziwa ukuthi phakathi nokuhambela kweTar Ivan the Terrible eSt. Sophia Cathedral e-Vologda engapheli, kwafika kuye inqwaba yamanzi: "Yeka ukuthi i-plinth ebomvu yawela kanjani emthonjeni obuthile."

I-Plinfa iyinamba encane futhi ebanzi eyenziwe ngobumba - ubukhulu obuyi-2.5 cm. U-Plynf wenziwe ngefomu elikhethekile lezinkuni. Yomile izinsuku ezingu-10-14, futhi yaxoshwa kuhhavini. Eziningi zalezi zingcwecwe zitholiwe zinyanyiswa, ezibhekwa njengezifaka uphawu ngekhasimende.

Izitini ezivaliwe ezijwayelekile ziyaziwa kusukela ngekhulu le-16 leminyaka.

Kuze kube sekhulwini le-19, ubuchwepheshe wokwenza izitini kwakunokuqala nokuchitha isikhathi. Izitini zazibunjwa ngezandla, zomeke kuphela ehlobo, ukugaya kwakwenziwa ngama-timers-timers, okwakhiwa izitini ezibomvu ezomile. Phakathi nekhulu le-XIX, kwakhiwa isitsha sezindandatho kanye nomshini webhande, okwaba yinguquko ekukhiqizeni. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, ama-dryers aqala ukwakhiwa. Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo wabonakala imishini yobumba abagijimi, ama-rollers, izitshalo zobumba. Namuhla, ngaphezu kwezingu-80% zazo zonke izitini ezikhiqizwa ngamabhizinisi anyaka wonke. Phakathi kwazo kunezitshalo ezinkulu ezinomshini onamandla okudlula amayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-200. Ngonyaka. Kuze kube manje, izitini ezibandayo ezingenakunqunywa, emazweni amaningi ngokungezwa ngotshani oqoshiwe, kuye kwasakazeka kakhulu emazweni amaningi, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwezitini ezishisiwe ekwakhiweni nakho kubuyele esikhathini esidala, njengokwakhiwa eGibhithe, 3-2 eminyaka BC. E ..

Indima ebaluleke kakhulu edlalwa izitini ekwakhiweni kweMesopotamiya neRoma yaseMandulo, lapho kwakhiwa khona izitini (ubukhulu 45h30h10) yakha izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kuhlanganise nama-arches, arches, njll. Isibonelo esicacile sokwakhiwa kwezitini eRussia ngesikhathi sikaJohn III kwakukwakha izindonga namathempeli eMoscow Kremlin, Yikuphi okwakubuswa ngabaphathi be-Italy. Esikhathini sethu, isitini sinomgangatho ophezulu nazo zonke izindawo ezihambisana nokwakhiwa kwanamuhla. Isitini "I-Litos" yisiqinisekiso semfanelo ephezulu. Imikhiqizo yemboni yezitini ye-TM "I-Litos" ayiqukethe kuphela izinto ezibonakalayo kanye nomsebenzi wabantu, kodwa futhi nomlando omdala wamakhulu waleso sakhiwo esibonakala sengathi silula njengezitini.