I-Immunoglobulin E nokubaluleka kwayo kokusebenza komzimba

I-Immunoglobulin E kanye nokubaluleka kwayo komzimba yizindaba ezidinga ukubhekana nazo. Namuhla, izinhlobo eziningi ze- immunoglobulins (antibodies) ziyaziwa . Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-antibodies ezihlukile ngesimo sesenzo kanye nendlela yokuzivikela okulwa negciwane. Ama-antibodies akhipha ukuchithwa nokuqubuka kwemikhiqizo ye-bacteria ehlakazekile, ukuhlanganiswa nokuhlukunyezwa kwama-antigens (i-spirochetes, amagciwane, i-protozoa nama-bacterium). Embranini yesibindi yama-vibrios, ama-trypanosomes nama-spirochaetes, izinhlaka ezithile ze-immunoglobulins ezinamakhemikhali azinzile, okubangela iplatelet adsorption. Njengomthetho, lezi zifo ezithathelwanayo ziphuza emathisini lymphoid. Ama-immunoglobulins emakilasini M no-G kanye nokuhambisana nawo angawasebenzisa ama-spirochetes, ama-trypanosomes, amabhaktheriya namagciwane.

Umthelela we-antibodies ku-pathogen unqanyuliwe uma ungena esitokisini, futhi ama-antigens awo awabonakalwanga ebusweni beseli. Ama-immunoglobulins angathuthukisa noma anciphise ukumelana nomzimba komzimba. I-antigen-antibody complex, ene-excess antigen, inomphumela oshukumisayo, futhi isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi esinama-antibodies ngokweqile kubangela umphumela ohlukile. Ngokuvamile, i-immunoglobulins iyimbangela yokucindezeleka okuzenzakalelayo kanye ne-allergenic.

I-Immunoglobulin E iklanyelwe ikakhulukazi emangqamuzaneni amangqamuzana omzimba wokuphefumula, umgogodla wamathunjini, kanye nasezikhungweni ze-lymph nodes. Ngokokuqala ngqa, njengeklasi elizimele, i-immunoglobulin E yabonakala ngo-1966, futhi ngo-1968 i-VOZ yaqaphela ukuthi i-immunoglobulin E iyisigaba esizimele se-immunoglobulins.

Amaprotheni alezi zilasi atholakala kubantu, izilwane zasendle kanye nezinye izilwane ze-laboratory. Iningi lama-molecule we-immunoglobulin E lihlotshaniswa namangqamuzana omzimba wesikhumba nama-basophil. Njengoba ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile ukuhlushwa kwe-immunoglobulin E egazini legazi lomuntu yi-nanograms embalwa kuphela nge-milliliter, umqondo oyisisekelo wokwakhiwa kwaleli molekyula itholakale kuphela ngesisekelo sokutadisha amaprotheni amaningi amancane. Izinga eliphansi kakhulu le-immunoglobulin E e-serum yegazi kubonakala sengathi likwazi "ukuheha" ebusweni bamangqamuzana futhi libophe ngokuqinile kumangqamuzana omzimba namasophils.

Kukholelwa ukuthi i-IgG yiklasi eliyinhloko lama-immunoglobulins, okwenza ama-mast cell kanye nama-basophil ahlanganyele ekusebenziseni ukugula. Izinga lala maprotheni e -serum yegazi leziguli ezinomzimba zikhula futhi ngokuvamile zidlula 350-800 U / mg. Ingqikithi ye-immunoglobulin E evamile ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-12 ifika ku-15 U / ml. I-Immunoglobulin E idlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni okusheshayo kwe-hypersensitivity. I-Immunoglobulin E ejwayelekile kubantu abadala ivela ku-0 kuya ku-120 U / ml.

Ngokusho kwemiqondo yanamuhla, umsebenzi oyinhloko we-immunoglobulin E ukuvikela izimbungulu zomzimba zomzimba ngokusebenzisa izici zendawo ye-plasma yegazi kanye nama-cell effector. Ama-agent aphethwe yizifo ezithathelwanayo akwazi ukweqa umzila wokuzivikela owakhiwa yi-class A immunoglobulins. Ngemva kwalokho, amagciwane noma amabhaktheriya ebusweni bamangqamuzana amantshontshi abophezela kuma-immunoglobulin ethize wekilasi E, ngenxa yalokho kusebenzisana, amangqamuzana amancane athola isignali yokwehlukaniswa kwama-amine acases amakhemikhali namakhemikhali, okubangela Ukuqhuma kokujikeleza iglasi leG Ig, ukuhlanganisa, ama-eosinophil kanye neutrophils. I-eosinophilic chemotactic factor, ekhishwa kuma-cell mast, ikhuthaza ukuqoqwa kwama-eosinophil kanye nokubhujiswa kwama-helminths. Kunconywa ukuthi i-immunoglobulin E, igxilwe phezu kwe-parasite, idonsela ama-macrophages ngenxa yobukhona be-Fc receptors.