I-asidi yobisi: yini, ukuthi ungayithola kanjani ukuthi kuncike kulo

Ubisi lwezinyosi ungomunye wemikhiqizo ewusizo kakhulu kokubili abadala nabantwana. Iqukethe inani elikhulu lezingxenye umzimba wethu ezidinga. Futhi izingxenye ezinjengamaprotheni, ushukela namafutha zingcono kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Ukuphakama izinga lesiprotheni ebisi, kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukwandisa izinga lamaprotheni kuwumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu futhi owedlula isikhathi. Emazweni athuthukile, isigamu sezindleko zalo mkhiqizo sincike ngokuqondile kokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni kuwo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, abakhiqizi bebisi nemikhiqizo yobisi baqiniseke ukuthi izinkomo zigcinwa ezimweni ezinhle futhi zithola ukudla okucebile amavithamini.

Kubuye kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula i-acidity, njengoba kwenzeka ekuboneni umkhiqizo, sekuvele ingakalungi ukudayiswa kubathengi.

Yini enquma i-asidi yobisi?

Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali ebisi kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Ithinta izimo zesilwane, isimo sayo somzimba kanye nezinye. Inqubo yokwakha ubisi iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, lapho isimo semvelo esiphila khona sempilo kubalulekile. Ngokwakheka nokuvinjelwa, ngokwesilinganiso, u-10% wazo zonke izakhi ezifaka ingxube ye-mammary ngegazi ziyasetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uthole ubisi olulodwa lwe-litre, kuyadingeka ukuthi cishe amalitha angu-500 wegazi adlule emgodini we-mammary. Izakhiwo zalo zishintsha njalo, kusukela ngesikhathi sokubamba kuze kufike umthengi wokugcina. Ubisi buhluke kakhulu ekubunjweni. Ngakho, nge-colostrum, amaphesenti angamashumi amabili amaprotheni angaphezu kwe-coliform, okwenza kube usizo kakhulu. Ubisi olunjalo ekubunjweni kwalo luqukethe inani elikhulu lemisebenzi ewusizo namaminerali. Futhi, i-colostrum iqukethe inani elincinci lezinambuzane ezivutshiwe, okuvumela ukuthi lihlale lihlanzekile ngangokunokwenzeka.

I-degree of acidity

Enkambeni yokugcina ubisi ngaphansi kwethonya lamakhemikhali e-ubisi omuncu, okuthuthuka kulo, i-lactose idilika, ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwe-lactic acid ne-acidity. Izinga lalo livezwe ngamadigri ngokwe-Turner (T).

Ubisi olusanda kubhakwa luba ne-acidity ye-16-18 T. Kodwa ngaphezu kwalezi zinkomba, ukuhlunga kuyisici esibalulekile. Ekubisi kukhona izingxenye, ngenxa yokuthi i-pH ayishintshi ngokufaka ama-acids nama-alkali. Izakhiwo eziphakeme ze-buffer, ama-reagents amaningi kudingeka adlulise i-pH. Ngokufanayo, i-acidity ekhulayo yobisi ibonakala kulawo mfuyo adla ehlobo emadlelweni noma emasimini lapho izitshalo zikhula khona. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ekubunjweni kwemifino utshani kanye nosanhlamvu yizinga eliphansi le-calcium. Sekuyisikhathi eside ososayensi basebenzise ubudlelwane phakathi kokuqukethwe kwe-calcium ebisi kanye nezinambuzane zobisi obomuncu. Kutholakale ukuthi i-calcium encane ngobisi, i-acidity ephakeme. Ngakho-ke, ngokunyuka kokuqukethwe kwe-calcium ekudleni, inkomba ye-acidity iyancipha.

Idivayisi yokulinganisa i-acidity

Ukuze unqume ukuthi i-acidity yobisi, abalimi nabanye abakhiqizi basebenzise idivayisi ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-pH meter. Le divayisi ekuqaleni ilinganisa i-EMF (amandla e-electromotive) ohlelweni lwe-elekthronikhi. Emva kwalokhu, izinga lokushisa lomkhiqizo wobisi liphinde lilinganiswe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani le-pH, elinciphisa ama-degree angu-20, linqunywe ifomula elithathwe ngokukhethekile.

Imitha ye-PH yokulinganisa i-acidity ibhekisela ezimbonini zobisi kanye nezimboni zokudla. Ingasetshenziselwa ukulinganisa i-asidi esebenzayo yobisi nemikhiqizo yobisi.

Le ndlela yokuthola i-asidi yobisi kuze kube yimanje ibhekwa njengeyona enembile kakhulu.

Imiphumela ye-pH yamitha

Ukuze unqume izinga lama-microorganisms e-ubisi, ama-sensors edivaysi abhapathizwa kulo noma noma yimuphi omunye umkhiqizo wobisi, onomshini wokushisa wokushisa kanye ne-electrode yesiliva ye-chloride. Manje, ngokusebenzisa ukuguqulwa kwe-pH, i-EMF eqala kulo mkhiqizo, nokushisa kwayo, kunqunywa.

Izibalo ezengeziwe zenziwe ngamafomula.

Iyini i-acidity ene-titrated?

I-acidity yomkhiqizo ihlukaniswa njengento esebenzayo futhi ikhonjiswe.

Ukuze unqume okwesibili, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa indlela ye-alkali titration. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi yamakhemikhali amaningi, ngenxa yalokho i-acidity ebizwa ngobisi ebomini iyoqunywa. I-degree yayo iphakeme kune-T-16-18 T. I-asidi ebizwa ngokuthi i-colostrum i-5-6 T ephakeme kunayo yobisi obuvamile. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi lokhu kwandisa kakhulu amaprotheni we-serum. Futhi uma ubheka ubisi oluvela ezilwaneni ezigulayo noma ukugaya okudala, i-asidi yabo izobe ihle ngo-5-8 T kunesilwane esiphilile. Izinkomba ezinjalo zihlotshaniswa nobukhona be-chloride usawoti. Futhi, i-acidity titrated, kanye ne-asidi esebenzayo, ithonywa kakhulu yizimo lapho isilwane sigcinwa khona, i-genetics, umsoco, ukuzalwa kanye nempilo. Isibonelo, uma kunokuntuleka kosawoti ekudleni, i-acidable acidity yobisi izoba ngama-23-24 T. Ngamazinga anjalo, umkhiqizo ungaphansi kokubheka ngokushesha.

Ngokuphathelene ne-acidity titrated, izinqubo zezobuchwepheshe zilawulwa hhayi kuphela ubisi, kodwa kuzo zonke imikhiqizo yobisi ezidlula ukuvutshelwa kwe-lactic.

Izinga eliphezulu

E-Russia, kunezidingo zobisi okufanele zihlangabezane nazo. I-GOST 31450-2013 iyizinga eliphakeme elisebenzayo ekuphuzeni ubisi oluhlanganiswe kubakhangisi kubathengi ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa. Ngokuhambisana nezidingo, umkhiqizo awufanele ube nezinhlayiya, izibani ezikhululekile zamafutha. Ngokuhambisana ne-GOST, ubisi kufanele lube nombala omhlophe wunifomu ne-bluish - yomkhiqizo ohlotshisiwe, ukhilimu okhanyayo - umthunzi ongenamhlanjesi futhi ocolile oqoshiwe. Isibonakaliso esibalulekile sekhwalithi ukungabi khona kwephunga langaphandle nokunambitha.

Ngenxa yezimfanelo zayo eziwusizo, ubisi lungashintsha inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo, kodwa akukho mkhiqizo owodwa ongeke ukwazi ukufaka esikhundleni sebisi. Ngaphezu kwamafutha, amaprotheni kanye nama-carbohydrate, okukulo isilinganiso esilinganiselayo, i-calcium ikhona ebisi, ekhishwa kalula ngumzimba.