I-apharathasi begodu yokusebenza isimiso se-diode ibhuloho rectifier wesifunda

Kushintshana zamanje kagesi is kuguquka DC pulsed ngokusebenzisa izifunda ekhethekile electronic - diode amabhuloho. Diode ibhuloho rectifier wesifunda sehlukaniswe izinguqulo ezimbili: owodwa esigabeni futhi ezintathu okhombisa.

Esikhathini rectifier isici esiyinhloko kuyinto diode. Ikhipha kuba ipuleti chip Semiconductor nge ezimbili ezihlukene conductivity esishintshashintshayo. Isici kuyinto ndima unilateral i kagesi, kuye ngokuthi isiqondiso ukugeleza.

Ukwakheka nemisebenzi rectifier diode okusekelwe izici Semiconductor PN inguquko phakathi esishintshashintshayo. Ukumelana kwakho kuncike polarity of the voltage zangaphandle. Kwesinye isenzakalo, inkulu, kwezinye - kancane.

I single-isigaba diode kwebhuloho

Lapho okufakwayo - AC sine wave voltage ngamunye mjikelezo othatha isigamu umsinga sidlula yebhangqa diodes kanye nezinye ivaliwe. Ngenxa yalokho, circuit okukhipha kumiswa a diode ibhuloho rectifier yezwakala voltage kokuba imvamisa izikhathi ezimbili ezinkulu kuno at itheku.

I ezintathu okhombisa ibhuloho wesifunda

Lesi sifunda isebenzisa diode isigamu-ibhuloho rectifiers. I voltage okukhiphayo is etholwe nge pulsations ezincane.

Kanjani ukuze ulolonge yezwakala at eqondisa amandla?

Ikhwalithi voltage kuyalungiswa incipha begodu kukhula okusizwa ukushaya yayo. Ukuze kuncishiswe it, ukusebenzisa izakhi, ukuqongelela amandla uma enikeziwe kusukela rectifier usule phezu ekunqanyulweni nokufakwa yayo.

Esikhathini umdwebo, a rectifier diode ebhulohweni capacitor exhunywe parallel umthwalo wokugcina. umthamo isitoreji yayo kuyakhethwa kuncike zamanje umthwalo. Lapho usebenzisa i-pulse le capacitor ishaja. Phakathi pulses (uma bengekho), anikezwa umthwalo voltage.

Ngenxa yalokho we bushelelezi isihlungi okukhipha voltage iba ezinkudlwana futhi lisondela ukubaluleka kwengosi kuba kuyalungiswa amplitude value.

Kuvele voltage ekahle eMhlanganweni ekhishwa lemifanekiso ngeke kutholakale ngenxa wokuqhuba capacitor phakathi pulses. Ngokuvamile, lezi pulsations zivunyelwe. Bangakwazi kwehle ngokwandisa capacitance we capacitor.

Uma inductor bushelelezi isetshenziswa, ixhunywe ku uchungechunge nge umthwalo. Sebebonke isihlungi isifunda sihlanganisa iSifundazwe inductors futhi capacitors.

Ukwakhiwa kwebhuloho diode

Indlela elula kudivayisi ibhuloho kwenziwa nge diodes ahlukene ukuvuvukala. Imboni ukhiqiza izakhiwo Monolithic ukuthi mancane ngobukhulu futhi singabizi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ifaniswe diodes elinezimfanelo ezifana, evumela ukuba sisebenze ukushisa efanayo. Lokhu kwandisa ukuthembeka wesifunda diode ibhuloho rectifier.

Buhle kwebhuloho diode izici umuntu ikhono ukulungisa, lapho omunye wabo ehluleka. Umhlangano Ubuye ukushintshwa ngokuphelele. Amaphutha kulo ezingajwayelekile, ngoba izakhi ifaniswe kahle.

amandla rectifiers

Amadivayisi athatha wamanje elikhulu, ngokuvamile anikwe amandla 220 V amadivaysi okuqondile anixhunyiwe, kusukela voltage oludingekayo ukuze kagesi incane, i-zamanje - njalo. Khona-ke sebenzisa AC.

Voltage sehliswe transformer, nakho kudala ngabodwa kukagesi phakathi zamabanga aphansi naphezulu okuphakelayo ngamaketanga. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokuthi umuntu abanjwe ugesi futhi ivikelwe apharathasi lapho isekhethi kulesi sifunda.

adapters Modern usebenze ezimweni eziningi phezu lula transformerless wesifunda ngaphandle ngabodwa kukagesi, lapho amandla ngokweqile is amuncwa capacitor.

Ukushayela kwebhuloho diode volts 12: imfundo kanye inhlangano

Okuphakela amandla siqukethe amamojuli ezimbili, lapho kuqala - a transformer isinyathelo-phansi, kanti eyesibili - ibhuloho diode oguqula eyodwa uhlobo voltage kwenye.

Kukhethwe transformer efanelekayo. Okuxhunyanwa emazombezombe unawe umhloli. Ukumelana layo kumele kube kufike komkhulu wabo. Ngu embili semikhawulweni multimeter oyifunayo ku ukumelana nesilinganiso mode. Khona-ke kukhona neminye imibhangqwana kanye wenza mshini.

Ingabe yanikezwa eyinhloko izinkampani 220 V Khona umhloli ihunyushwa i kushintshana voltage nesilinganiso mode futhi alinganise voltage ngakolunye Windings. Khetha ingoma eyodwa noma esondweni 10 V. Kubalulekile ukuthi voltage engu-12 V, kusukela lemifanekiso capacitive ngemva kokuba kwenyuke ngo-18%.

Transformer is kushintshwe for amandla oyifunayo, bese isitokwe esithathwayo 25%.

4 diode ezisontekile e kwebhuloho diode futhi iphela propaivayutsya. Khona-circuit ixhunyiwe, phezu capacitor okukhipha ixhunywe 25 V futhi 2200 MF (electrolyte) futhi iqinisekisiwe ukusebenza.

Transformerless ukujikeleza + volts diode ibhuloho rectifier 24

Ngo umkhuba amateur kabanzi ephansi amandla ugesi ngaphandle transformers.

Amandla kagesi 220 ihlinzekwa ngokusebenzisa C1 isikebhe sizinze capacitor. I rectifier siqukethe diodes VD1, VD2 futhi Zener diodes VD3, VD4. Ukuqeda yokwanda kwama wamanje ngokusebenzisa elixhumanisa capacitor amandla uchungechunge nge nokukhawulela Resistor zamanje isethwe ukumelana 50-100 ohms. Ukuze ikhulule capacitor lapho ngobugebengu wesifunda, exhunywe parallel nalokho 150-300 Resistor kohm.

Isifunda okukhipha isethwe capacitor bushelelezi a capacitance ka 2000 PF.

Ukungabi zokuxhumana kukagesi kudala ingozi yokuthi umuntu abanjwe ugesi.

isicelo

Izicelo kwaleli bhuloho diode ubanzi kakhulu futhi ezihlukahlukene:

• ukukhanyisa (LED nezibani Fluorescent);
• amadivaysi kagesi metering;
• ugesi amayunithi zikagesi;
• zezimboni ugesi, ukulawula kanye namashaja.

Indlela ukukhetha diode ngokwenza kwebhuloho diode?

The main nenqubo yokukhetha kukhona voltage wamanje lapho diode akuyona ebilayo. Ngo oqondile ukufakwa kwalo uwela voltage ka mayelana 0.6 V, njengoba ine ukumelana kwangaphakathi. Okuphambene voltage ukuthi diode umelana ngaphandle kokufaka ezishisayo kagesi nokwaphuka mode, inomkhawulo ezithile. Uma yakhelwe 220 V, kuthatha isitokwe hhayi ngaphansi kuka-25%. Kodwa kungcono ukuthatha ke enkulu ngokwanele ukuze azivikele ngephutha amandla yomugqa okhuphuka ngokungazelelwe.

Yamanje futhi othathwe esiqiwini. Uma kunesidingo, ihlinzeka kurediyetha lwaluyophola.

Ukuze sikhethe kahle yenkomba itafula diodes futhi diode amabhuloho.

Abakhiqizi diode amabhuloho

Phakathi kwezakhi ukukhanyisa ukuma rectifiers uchungechunge 1N4007 futhi MS250 oluqanjwe Diotec. Basuke eyenzelwe voltages abafika kwabangu-1000 V Esimweni sokuqala, isifunda diode ibhuloho siqukethe diodes amane wahlela ibhodi wesifunda, futhi owesibili linikezwa njengoba nomhlangano ezihlangene. Nakuba 1N4007 uchungechunge okunokwethenjelwa operation, inhlangano MS250 silondoloza isisindo lokungcolisa. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, uchungechunge 1N4007 funa sisalokhu siphakeme, njengoba intengo sesinciphe kangangokuba ngokuyinhloko kunqunywa izindleko iziphetho wethusi.

Ukukhiqiza netheknoloji MS uchungechunge diode amabhuloho uyaqhubeka. Manje zonke 4 kwebhuloho crystal ezifakiwe ndawonye, okwandisa izinga lokushisa yayo ukumelana ngenxa nemingcele ukufana.

Ukuthembeka rectifier incipha nge okwandisa kuma lokushisa. Lokhu inkinga isixazululekile uchungechunge kudivayisi B250S2A ibalwa samanje 2.3 A no 0.7 A transmissive at 125 ° C.

abakhiqizi abaningi bathenga diodes whereupon rectifiers ngomumo. Inkampani waziphatha Diotec lonke ukukhiqizwa, kusukela womshini zinhlayiya ukuba babuthane yabo kanye namaphakheji.

Enye izwe phambili inkampani - IRF - possesses ubuchwepheshe esiyingqayizivele ukunqinda izingxenye, ngcono ukudluliswa ukushisa, okwandisa nekusebenta Semiconductor ubuchwepheshe. Yena nguye yedwa ukuthi ukhiqiza izingxenye lonke umjikelezo energy conversion.

isiphetho

Isifunda we rectifier diode ibhuloho isetshenziswa zonke izimpahla ezisebenza ngogesi. Kufanele sisebenzise esigcwele wave rectifier, ogama izici zingcono kakhulu ukwedlula owodwa isikhathi. Hlola noma yisiphi sazo kungaba ngokuzimela prozvoniv diode ngamunye.